On the structure of a new superhard hexagonal carbon phase

in AIP Conference Proceedings (2010), 1233(PART 1), 489-493

Molecular dynamics simulations show that graphite will transform into a superhard phase under cold compression. Recent experiments show that there is a sp 3-rich hexagonal carbon polymorph (a 0=2.496 Å, c ... [more ▼]

Molecular dynamics simulations show that graphite will transform into a superhard phase under cold compression. Recent experiments show that there is a sp 3-rich hexagonal carbon polymorph (a 0=2.496 Å, c 0=4.123Å) with a bulk modulus of 447 GPa and average density about 3.6g/cm 3, restricted to the space group of P-62c (No. 190), but the detailed atomic structure was not obtained [Wang et al., P. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101(38), 13699]. Here we set carbon atoms occupying P-62c 4f Wyckoff positions of P-62c, and calculate the total energy of the different structures changing the internal parameter z by first-principles calculations using geometry optimisation algorithm in CASTEP code, which shows that the stable structures in energy (at local minimum points) are hexagonal carbon (z=1/4) and hexagonal diamond (z=1/16). The calculated mechanical properties and lattice parameters of the structure P-62c 4f (z=1/4) are in good agreement with those of the new hexagonal carbon proposed by Wang et al., which indicates that the atomic structure is a possible candidate. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. [less ▲]

On the use of recovery techniques for accurate error estimation and error bounding in XFEM

in Bordas, Stéphane; Kerfriden, Pierre (Eds.) 2nd International Conference on the Extended Finite Element Method (2011)

On time integration in the XFEM

in International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (2009), 79(1), 69-93

The extended finite element method (XFEM) is often used in applications that involve moving interfaces. Examples are the propagation of cracks or the movement of interfaces in two-phase problems. This ... [more ▼]

The extended finite element method (XFEM) is often used in applications that involve moving interfaces. Examples are the propagation of cracks or the movement of interfaces in two-phase problems. This work focuses on time integration in the XFEM. The performance of the discontinuous Galerkin method in time (space-time finite elements (FEs)) and time-stepping schemes are analyzed by convergence studies for different model problems. It is shown that space-time FE achieve optimal convergence rates. Special care is required for time stepping in the XFEM due to the time dependence of the enrichment functions. In each time step, the enrichment functions have to be evaluated at different time levels. This has important consequences in the quadrature used for the integration of the weak form. A time-stepping scheme that leads to optimal or only slightly sub-optimal convergence rates is systematically constructed in this work. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [less ▲]

Online Fault Diagnosis for Nonlinear Power Systems

in Automatica (2015), 55

In this paper, automatic fault diagnosis in large scale power networks described by second-order nonlinear swing equations is studied. This work focuses on a class of faults that occur in the transmission ... [more ▼]

In this paper, automatic fault diagnosis in large scale power networks described by second-order nonlinear swing equations is studied. This work focuses on a class of faults that occur in the transmission lines. Transmission line protection is an important issue in power system engineering because a large portion of power system faults is occurring in transmission lines. This paper presents a novel technique to detect, isolate and identify the faults on transmissions using only a small number of observations. We formulate the problem of fault diagnosis of nonlinear power network into a compressive sensing framework and derive an optimisationbased formulation of the fault identification problem. An iterative reweighted `1-minimisation algorithm is finally derived to solve the detection problem efficiently. Under the proposed framework, a real-time fault monitoring scheme can be built using only measurements of phase angles of nonlinear power networks. [less ▲]

Open Science @LCSB-ECI

Presentation (2021, June 17)

Opportunities and challenges of using blockchain technology in public administration – Insights from the FLORA project of Germany’s Federal Office for Migration and Refugees

Report (2022)

Optimal design of line replaceable units

in Naval Research Logistics (2023)

Optimal electrode coverage based on a new criterion for piezoelectric energy harvesters

in Energy Conversion and Management (2023), 284

Piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) are a promising alternative to conventional electrochemical batteries with the advantage of being self-powered and maintenance-free, but their application is ... [more ▼]

Piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) are a promising alternative to conventional electrochemical batteries with the advantage of being self-powered and maintenance-free, but their application is severely restricted by the low electric power output. It has been reported that the power output of PEHs can be enhanced by well-designed electrode coverage. A common design criterion for beam-like PEHs is based on the strain node to avoid electrode charge cancellation. This criterion, however, is not feasible for PEHs subject to complex spatio-temporal excitation patterns, where strain nodes change their position. This work proposes a new design criterion for optimal electrode coverage of beam-like PEHs based on the closed-form solution of the circuit equation that expresses voltage as a function of the beam’s dynamic response, specifically the cross-section rotation. The new criterion maximizes the averaged curvature of the beam segment covered by the electrode using data on the instantaneous rotation field. The improved physical significance and reliability of the presented criterion are discussed. The associated electrode optimization procedure is then exemplified for PEHs driven by fluid flow, which helps to realize a complex excitation pattern. Two numerical studies, both including a variety of combinations of fluid densities and inlet velocities, are performed to demonstrate that an optimal electrode configuration can be obtained with the proposed criterion. Comparison of different electrode configurations in above studies finally leads to useful conclusions on the power output and electrode configuration. [less ▲]

Optimal multi-line bus dispatching at terminals with electric charging scheduling constraints

Scientific Conference (2018, July)

We consider the problem of optimally determining the sequence of electric and conventional internal combustion buses departing from a multi-line bus terminal, considering both service constraints ... [more ▼]

We consider the problem of optimally determining the sequence of electric and conventional internal combustion buses departing from a multi-line bus terminal, considering both service constraints (schedule adherence) and energy constraints (electric bus charging status, bus recharging scheduling in capacitated facilities). The problem is formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Program, with the objective of minimizing the total operational cost for the bus lines in question. System dynamics are captured by twenty sets of constraints, ranging from scheduling adherence to discharge-recharge dynamics. Individual operational costs at the bus level (cost of running an electric / non electric bus per km, cost of recharging) and at the trip level (penalty due to failed schedule adherence) are fully parametrised, allowing for extensive sensitivity analysis. We investigate a real-life case study based in the city of Luxembourg, where two charging stations have been installed in the central station’s bus terminal. Through the model we investigate: i) the minimum amount of electric buses necessary to perform a day’s schedule for two currently partially electrified lines, without resorting to conventional internal combustion alternatives; ii) the impact of electrifying two additional lines, specifically considering the trade-offs related to either adding new buses or new charging stations at the bus terminal. [less ▲]

Optimal output consensus control for systems of agents with continuous linear dynamics

in Proceedings of 18th IFAC World Congress (2011)

In this paper we study the output consensus problem for systems of agents with linear continuous, time invariant dynamics. We derive control laws with minimal energy that solves the problem, while using ... [more ▼]

In this paper we study the output consensus problem for systems of agents with linear continuous, time invariant dynamics. We derive control laws with minimal energy that solves the problem, while using only relative information. Instead of considering a fixed communication topology for the agents, and derive the optimal control for that topology, we derive the optimal control law for any communication topology between the agents. We show that the optimal control uses only relative information but requires the connectivity graph to be complete and in general requires measurements of the state errors. We identify the cases where the optimal control is only based on output errors, and show that in the infinite time horizon case, the optimal controller can always be expressed as a dynamic controller that is only based on the output errors. Regarding the theoretic contributions of this paper, the control laws are derived using methods from linear vector space optimization and are given in closed form. To the authors knowledge these methods have not been used within this context before. [less ▲]