http://hdl.handle.net/10993/76 Search this channel search http://orbilu.uni.lu/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/10993/39703 Title: Corruption and tax compliance: evidence from small retailers in Bamako, Mali <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Bertinelli, Luisito; Bourgain, Arnaud; Leon, Florian <br/> <br/>Abstract: We investigate the impact of corruption on tax compliance using a sample of 700 small business in Bamako, Mali. The main contribution of this paper is to focus on micro-enterprises (including semi-formal and informal ones), while existing works concentrate on large and formal firms. Our results show that (i) even very small firms pay taxes (two-thirds of firms pay taxes in our sample); and, (ii) paying bribes reduces significantly tax compliance. This latter finding is robust (i) to the addition of a set of control variables accounting for other determinants, (ii) to treatment for endogeneity, and (iii) the use of a different proxy for tax compliance. Thu, 20 Jun 2019 09:31:29 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/39631 Title: A tax competition approach to resource taxation in developing countries <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Zanaj, Skerdilajda; Bourgain, Arnaud Fri, 07 Jun 2019 03:30:02 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/39201 Title: Green Urban Areas <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Picard, Pierre M; Tran, Thi Thu Huyen <br/> <br/>Abstract: This paper studies the size and location of urban green areas across city spaces. Urban green areas offer amenities that affect residential choices, land consumption and land rent. This paper discusses the socially optimal sizes and locations of urban green areas within a city and their decentralized allocation through land markets. The main result is that the share of land dedicated to urban green areas is a concave function of the distance to the city center. This result is confirmed by the empirical study of urban structures in the 305 largest EU cities. The importance of urban green areas is finally assessed by a counterfactual analysis, where 50% of urban green areas are removed in each city. Thu, 28 Mar 2019 09:34:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/39181 Title: Moving Parts: Immigration Policy, Internal Migration and Natural resource Shocks <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Coulombe, Serge; Boadway, Robin; Beine, Michel <br/> <br/>Abstract: The Canadian government made major changes in 2014 to both the Temporary Foreign Worker (TFW) Program and the permanent economic immigration system. Under the previous system and its enforcement, temporary foreign workers were in competition with some Canadian residents, resulting in major political backlash. In addition, permanent immigrants to Canada were not generally moving to locations with the strongest demand for jobs. The federal changes to the TFW Program limited the kinds of workers companies could bring in, made the applications more rigorous, and set an employer-specific cap on the use of TFWs. These changes will lead to a decrease in the number of TFWs working in Canada. In the permanent immigration system, the government modified the traditional points system and created the Express Entry System. International applicants must meet a threshold of points before the government will invite them to apply for immigration. The system is skewed toward labour-market demand. It rewards workers who have skills that the federal government determines the labour market needs. It also rewards permanent immigrants who have a Canadian job offer. We expect that the changes to the permanent immigration system will have many positive results. Immigrants will have better skills and improved job-market outcomes, and they will meet employer needs more closely than permanent immigrants did in the past. Likewise, recent changes to the TFW Program will improve the labour market for existing residents. However, the changes in the immigration system may have some unintended consequences. First, they make it difficult for international students at Canadian universities to become permanent residents. Further, whereas TFWs were the main source of labour-market competition for Canadian residents until 2014, new permanent immigrants will increasingly compete with Canadian residents. This change will have profound implications for interprovincial migration. Lastly, the permanent immigration policy prioritizes skills currently in demand, and that preference may decrease the immigration of workers whose skills may be more important in the longer term. Wed, 27 Mar 2019 20:28:18 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/38862 Title: Pierre Werner, A Mënsch a Sengem Joerhonnert <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Danescu, Elena <br/> <br/>Abstract: E Politiker a seng Zäit 10. Feb 2019 - 09:04 Pierre Werner: e Politiker a seng Zäit. - Europäesche Staatsmann a Visionär, national Pappefigur oder Inkarnatioun vum reformresistente politesche Katholizismus - wie war dee Mann, deen der Nokrichszäit säi Stempel opgesat huet? Fir doriwwer ze schwätzen diskutéieren elo d'Historikerin Elena Danescu vum Institut fir Zäit- an digital Geschicht op der Uni Lëtzebuerg, d'Danièle Fonck, fréier Journalistin a Generaldirektesch vum Tageblatt, an de Jacques Santer, Finanzminister ënner dem Pierre Werner a säi Successeur als Premierminister. Moderatioun: Mick Entringer. <br/> <br/>Commentary: De Pierre Werner, säi Liewen, seng politesch Carrière (hei am Land an och um europäeschen Niveau) si sécherlech eng Radiossendung wäert. Zesumme mam Center for Contemporary and Digital Historyvun der Uni.lu huet de radio 100,7 eng Serie vu siwe Podcasten entwéckelt. De Portrait vum fréiere Lëtzebuerger Staatsminister erméiglecht ee Réckbléck op dat 20. Joerhonnert, eng frësch Vue op d'Geschicht vu Lëtzebuerg a vun Europa. Thu, 21 Feb 2019 06:44:54 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/36892 Title: Migration: a theoretical comparison on countries' welfare <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Zanaj, Skerdilajda <br/> <br/>Abstract: We compare the effects of migration on the production of public goods, income taxes, and on the welfare of residents in the sending and in the receiving country. Migration is driven by income di¤erences between countries. Alternative wage adjustment scenarios are considered: fully flexible wages; upward rigidity, and unemployment. We show that in all scenarios, emigration is welfare detrimental for the origin country. Migration is welfare improving for the destination country in presence of flexible wages and upward rigidity, but it has detrimental effects in presence of unemployment. Wed, 10 Oct 2018 22:25:44 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/36615 Title: Measuring Fiscal Effects of Immigration In Europe: A quantile Approach <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Joxhe, Majlinda; Zanaj, Skerdilajda <br/> <br/>Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the fiscal impact of immigration in Europe using a quantile regression approach. These estimation methods provide a richer characterization of the data, allowing us to consider the impact of a co-variate (which one) on the entire distribution and not merely its conditional mean. Using data from European Survey on Living Conditions (EU-SILC), we estimate the net fiscal position of immigrants in Europe between 2007-2015. The net fiscal position is the difference between social services obtained and personal taxes paid leading to be either a fiscal contributor or a fiscal dependent. On average, the fiscal impact of both European and non-European migrants is not different from that of native citizens. Surprisingly, when using a quantile approach, we find that non-EU migrants belonging to the upper tail of the distribution and to the lowest one, are much more contributors as compared with the corresponding native citizens. At last, we find a very contrasting relationship between the fiscal perception of European citizens regarding immigrants and the calculated fiscal impact of immigrants: countries, where immigrants are perceived negatively, are instead countries where migrants are net fiscal contributors and vice-versa Wed, 19 Sep 2018 09:40:13 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/36423 Title: The difficult construction of a European Deposit Insurance Scheme: a step too far in Banking Union? <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Howarth, David; Quaglia, Lucia <br/> <br/>Abstract: The German Government refused to accept the development of a European Deposit Insurance Scheme (EDIS) for Banking Union member states. Publicly, the German Government was preoccupied with the creation of a moral hazard that common funds would create for banks in those participating countries that had weak banking systems. This paper argues that to understand German moral hazard concerns it is necessary to look beyond the ideational – notably concerns stemming from German Ordo-liberalism – and focus on the existing national institutional arrangements that the German Government sought to protect. German moral hazard concerns stemmed from the fear that well-funded German deposit guarantee schemes (DGS) – especially those of small savings and cooperative banks – could be tapped to compensate for underfunded (and largely ex post funded) DGS in other member states. We thus demonstrate that the difficulties facing the construction of an EDIS owe to the weakness of the previously agreed harmonization of national DGS. This failure to harmonize schemes beyond a low minimal standard can be explained through an analysis focused on national systems. Different existing national DGS stem from the different configuration of national banking systems, the longstanding relationships among national banks and well-entrenched regulatory frameworks. Sat, 25 Aug 2018 07:48:14 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35845 Title: Does tax competition increase disparity among jurisdictions? <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Han, Yutao; Pieretti, Patrice; Zou, Benteng Tue, 05 Jun 2018 12:13:51 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35331 Title: Small States in the European Union : Luxembourg <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Danescu, Elena Sat, 24 Mar 2018 07:51:06 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35134 Title: Special edition on constructing Banking Union: Introduction <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Howarth, David; Schild, Joachim <br/> <br/>Abstract: European Banking Union arguably represents the most important step in European economic integration since the launch of Monetary Union. Little wonder, then, that this major deepening of integration sparked a lively academic debate and triggered an ever-growing number of publications from different disciplinary backgrounds. The first wave of publications on European Banking Union (BU) provided us with overviews on the legal changes; they discussed at length the economic rationale underpinning BU; and they traced the political dynamics of establishing BU discussing key explanatory factors. This literature reflected BU’s foundational phase between 2012 and 2014 when the major texts enshrining BU in law were negotiated and adopted. This special issue is located at the intersection of this first phase and a second stage of research covering different topics as regards to the functioning of BU. New research questions are triggered by the — so far still limited — experiences regarding BU’s implementation and current operation. Based on this empirical evidence, contributions to this second wave of BU-related research try to identify potentially dangerous lacunae and design faults, contributing to the ongoing reform debates. Taken together, the contributions to this special issue provide us with a nuanced picture of Banking Union’s construction problems, lacunae, and governance structure design faults. Banking Union resembles an unfinished cathedral. Given its problematic architecture, there remain important stability risks. Sun, 04 Mar 2018 19:46:18 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35087 Title: The measurement of economic inequality <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Jenkins, Stephen P.; Van Kerm, Philippe <br/> <br/>Abstract: This article provides an introduction to methods for the measurement of economic inequality. It reviews the inequality measures that economists have developed, and explains how one might choose between indices or check whether conclusions about inequality difference can be derived without choosing any specific index. It reviews mobility measurement and some fundamental questions about how the distributions of economic interest are defined. Thu, 01 Mar 2018 10:37:16 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35080 Title: Inequality, growth and mobility: The intertemporal distribution of income in European countries 2003--2007 <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Van Kerm, Philippe; Pi Alperin, Maria Noel <br/> <br/>Abstract: This paper exploits EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions longitudinal data 2003–2007 to describe the intertemporal distribution of income in twenty-six European countries prior to the onset of the Great Recession. We document levels, inequality and progressivity in the distribution of year-on-year income gains and losses and examine the relationship of these with inequality and poverty indicators. New Member States have typically seen individual incomes grow faster than other EU countries. Income gains were disproportionately pro-poor in all countries. We therefore observe regression to the mean both among EU countries and among individuals within countries. However, short-run income mobility does not significantly reduce inequality of time-averaged incomes. Potential issues about cross-country comparability of the data and the short period under consideration call for caution in interpreting our results, however. Thu, 01 Mar 2018 10:27:41 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35066 Title: Assessing Individual Income Growth <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Jenkins, Stephen P.; Van Kerm, Philippe <br/> <br/>Abstract: We develop methods for describing distributions of income growth across individuals and for comparing changes in growth distributions over time. The methods include graphical devices (‘income growth profiles’) and dominance conditions, and also summary indices, together with associated methods of estimation and inference. Taking an explicitly longitudinal perspective, our approach illuminates clearly who are the gainers and the losers, and also provides distributionally-sensitive assessments—ones that allow the income growth for different individuals to be weighted differently. Our empirical application shows that the pattern of income growth in Britain over the period 1992–6 was less pro-poor than that for 1998–2002, and not significantly different from the pattern for 2001–5. Wed, 28 Feb 2018 17:23:15 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35055 Title: Macroprudential policy and household wealth inequality <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Carpantier, Jean-Francois; Olivera, Javier; Van Kerm, Philippe <br/> <br/>Abstract: Macroprudential policies, such as caps on loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, have become part of the policy paradigm in emerging markets and advanced countries alike. Given that housing is the most important asset in household portfolios, relaxing or tightening access to mortgages may affect the distribution of household wealth in the country. In a stylised model we show that the final level of wealth inequality depends on the size of the LTV ratio, housing prices, credit cost and the strength of a bequest motive, and therefore it is not possible to predict an unequivocal effect of LTV ratios on wealth inequality. These trade-offs are illustrated with estimations of `Gini Recentered Influence Function' regressions on household survey data from 12 Euro-zone countries that participated in the first wave of the Household Finance and Consumption Survey. The results show that, among the households with active mortgages, high LTV ratios at the time of acquisition are related to high contributions to wealth inequality today, while house price increases are negatively related to inequality contributions. A proxy for the strength of bequest motives tends to be negatively related with wealth inequality, but credit cost does not show a significant link to the distribution of wealth. Tue, 27 Feb 2018 22:31:09 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/35054 Title: Modelling earnings dynamics and inequality: foreign workers and inequality trends in Luxembourg, 1988--2009 <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Sologon, Denisa M.; Van Kerm, Philippe <br/> <br/>Abstract: The paper exploits large-scale administrative data to analyse trends in male earnings inequality in Luxembourg during 20 years of rapid economic growth, industrial redevelopment and massive inflow of foreign workers. A detailed error components model is estimated to identify persistent and transitory components of (the trends of) log-earnings variance and to disentangle the contributions to it of native, immigrant and cross-border workers. The model is flexible and allows for a high degree of individual, age, time and cohort heterogeneity. We observe a surprising stability in overall earnings inequality as a result of more complex underlying changes, with marked increases in persistent inequality (except among natives), a growing contribution of foreigners and a decrease in earnings instability (primarily for natives). Tue, 27 Feb 2018 22:21:21 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/31751 Title: Itinéraires luxembourgeois et européens.Evolutions et souvenirs: 1945-1985 <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Werner, Pierre Mon, 17 Jul 2017 19:35:30 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/31750 Title: Itinéraires luxembourgeois et européens.Evolutions et souvenirs: 1945-1985 <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Werner, Pierre Mon, 17 Jul 2017 19:23:49 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/31749 Title: Économie:les règles du jeu <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Didier, Michel <br/> <br/>Abstract: Seconde édition: Cet ouvrage est un livre d'initiation aux mécanismes de l'économie actuelle. De quoi dépend notre salaire ? Comment naît, vit et meurt une entreprise ? Quels sont les mécanismes du marché et les limites de l'État ? D'où vient la monnaie ? Que se passe-t-il dans la finance internationale ? Peut-on supprimer le déficit extérieur, gagner sur le chômage, vaincre l'inégalité, le sous-développement et la misère ? Quelles sont les perspectives ouvertes par le marché unique européen ? L'auteur répond à toutes ces questions. Simplement dans le langage de tous les jours. Pour que chacun, et notamment les étudiants en économie et les cadre spécialisés connaissent et comprennent les règles du jeu économique. Le contenu de ce livre est idéal pour préparer efficacement les examens d'économie. Conforme aux programmes officiels français, il est construit sous la forme de 35 fiches de révision, courtes mais complètes, accompagnées d'exercices nombreux et variés, tous corrigés. En fin d'ouvrage figurent quelques rappels et conseils concernant l'épreuve d'économie, ainsi qu'une courte bibliographie. <br/> <br/>Commentary: Dupa prima editie publicata in 1993, cea de-a doua editie romaneasca a acestui manual foarte popular in Franta, adresat explicit de autor studentului care se pregateste pentru examen, a avut mare succes, titlul intrand in bibliografia recomandata de profesorii din facultatile unde se preda economia.Secretul acestui succes se datoreaza atat continutului, cat si stilului de prezentare: limitandu-se la mecanismele si problemele constante ale economiei, autorul le trateaza simplu si accesibil, ilustrandu-le cu numeroase exemple. Fara a-l plictisi pe cititor cu abstractiile teoriei economice, cartea raspunde unor intrebari firesti: De ce o intreprindere renunta la o anumita productie, de ce decide sa se implanteze in strainatate ori sa fie absorbita de o firma multinationala ? Ce factori duc la cresterea cursului actiunilor, la scaderea ratei dobanzilor sau la caderea dolarului ? Cum poate fi sufocata economia de prea multe legi si impozite si cum, pe de alta parte, se poate ea dezorganiza daca interventia statului e insuficienta ? Prin generalitatea si actualitatea lor, aceste probleme intereseaza, cu siguranta, un public mai larg decat cel universitar. Mon, 17 Jul 2017 19:13:31 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10993/31747 Title: Économie:les règles du jeu <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Didier, Michel <br/> <br/>Abstract: Cet ouvrage est un livre d'initiation aux mécanismes de l'économie actuelle. De quoi dépend notre salaire ? Comment naît, vit et meurt une entreprise ? Quels sont les mécanismes du marché et les limites de l'État ? D'où vient la monnaie ? Que se passe-t-il dans la finance internationale ? Peut-on supprimer le déficit extérieur, gagner sur le chômage, vaincre l'inégalité, le sous-développement et la misère ? Quelles sont les perspectives ouvertes par le marché unique européen ? L'auteur répond à toutes ces questions. Simplement dans le langage de tous les jours. Pour que chacun, et notamment les étudiants en économie et les cadre spécialisés connaissent et comprennent les règles du jeu économique. Le contenu de ce livre est idéal pour préparer efficacement les examens d'économie. Conforme aux programmes officiels français, il est construit sous la forme de 35 fiches de révision, courtes mais complètes, accompagnées d'exercices nombreux et variés, tous corrigés. En fin d'ouvrage figurent quelques rappels et conseils concernant l'épreuve d'économie, ainsi qu'une courte bibliographie. <br/> <br/>Commentary: Prima editie romaneasca a acestui manual foarte popular in Franta, adresat explicit de autor studentului care se pregateste pentru examen, a avut mare succes, titlul intrand in bibliografia recomandata de profesorii din facultatile unde se preda economia.Secretul acestui succes se datoreaza atat continutului, cat si stilului de prezentare: limitandu-se la mecanismele si problemele constante ale economiei, autorul le trateaza simplu si accesibil, ilustrandu-le cu numeroase exemple. Fara a-l plictisi pe cititor cu abstractiile teoriei economice, cartea raspunde unor intrebari firesti: De ce o intreprindere renunta la o anumita productie, de ce decide sa se implanteze in strainatate ori sa fie absorbita de o firma multinationala ? Ce factori duc la cresterea cursului actiunilor, la scaderea ratei dobanzilor sau la caderea dolarului ? Cum poate fi sufocata economia de prea multe legi si impozite si cum, pe de alta parte, se poate ea dezorganiza daca interventia statului e insuficienta ? Prin generalitatea si actualitatea lor, aceste probleme intereseaza, cu siguranta, un public mai larg decat cel universitar. Mon, 17 Jul 2017 18:21:12 GMT