![]() Decieux, Jean Philippe Pierre ![]() Poster (2015) Due to the low cost and the ability to reach thousands of people in a short amount of time, online surveys have become well established as a source of data for research. As a result, many non ... [more ▼] Due to the low cost and the ability to reach thousands of people in a short amount of time, online surveys have become well established as a source of data for research. As a result, many non-professionals gather their data through online questionnaires, which are often of low quality due to having been operationalised poorly (Jacob/Heinz/Décieux 2013; Schnell/Hill/Esser 2011). A popular example for this is the ‘forced response‘ option, whose impact will be analysed within this research project. The ‘forced response’ option is commonly described as a possibility to force the respondent to give an answer to each question that is asked. In most of the online survey computer software, it is easily achieved by enabling a checkbox. Relevance: There has been a tremendous increase in the use of this option, however, the inquirers are often not aware of the possible consequences. In software manuals, this option is praised as a strategy that significantly reduces item non-response. In contrast, research studies offer many doubts that counter this strategy (Kaczmirek 2005, Peytchev/Crawford 2005, Dillman/Smyth/Christian 2009, Schnell/Hill/Esser 2011, Jacob/Heinz/Décieux 2013). They are based on the assumption that respondents typically have plausible reasons for not answering a question (such as not understanding the question; absence of an appropriate category; personal reasons e.g. privacy). Research Question: Our thesis is that forcing the respondents to select an answer might cause two scenarios: - Increasing unit non-response (increased dropout rates) - Decreasing validity of the answers (lying or random answers). Methods and Data: To analyse the consequences of the implementation of ‘forced response’ option, we use split ballot field experiments. Our analysis focuses especially on dropout rates and response behaviour. Our first split ballot experiment was carried out in July 2014 (n=1056) and we have planned a second experiment for February 2015, so that we will be able to present our results based on strong data evidence. First results: If the respondents are forced to answer each question, they will - cancel the study earlier and - choose more often the response category “No” (in terms of sensitive issues). [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 300 (34 UL)![]() Hunegnaw, Addisu ![]() ![]() Poster (2015) In 2013 the International GNSS Service (IGS) Tide Gauge Benchmark Monitoring (TIGA) Working Group (WG) started their reprocessing campaign, which proposes to re-analyze all relevant Global Positioning ... [more ▼] In 2013 the International GNSS Service (IGS) Tide Gauge Benchmark Monitoring (TIGA) Working Group (WG) started their reprocessing campaign, which proposes to re-analyze all relevant Global Positioning System (GPS) observations from 1994 to 2013. This re-processed dataset will provide high quality estimates of land motions, enabling regional and global high-precision geophysical/geodetic studies. Several of the individual TIGA Analysis Centres (TACs) have completed processing the full history of GPS observations recorded by the IGS global network, as well as, many other GPS stations at or close to tide gauges, which are available from the TIGA data centre at the University of La Rochelle (www.sonel.org). Following the recent improvements in processing models and strategies, this is the first complete reprocessing attempt by the BLT TIGA Analysis centre to provide homogeneous position time series. We report the quality of the multi-year daily solutions from the consortium of the British Isles continuous GNSS Facility (BIGF) and the University of Luxembourg TIGA Analysis Centres (BLT) based on the Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.2 using a double difference (DD) network processing strategy. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 66 (7 UL)![]() Böwen, Petra ![]() ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 120 (11 UL)![]() Demonty, Isabelle ![]() ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 67 (2 UL)![]() ![]() Guillaume, Mathieu ![]() ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 69 (6 UL)![]() ![]() Herde, Christophe ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 97 (0 UL)![]() Stadler, Matthias ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 176 (0 UL)![]() ![]() Tournier, Isabelle ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 57 (2 UL)![]() ![]() ; ; et al Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 68 (4 UL)![]() ![]() Tournier, Isabelle ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 63 (0 UL)![]() Castejon-Diaz, Hector ![]() Poster (2015) Detailed reference viewed: 99 (9 UL)![]() Cornu, Véronique ![]() ![]() Poster (2015) In the context of numerical development, visuo-spatial skills are are assumed to provide an early foundation for later mathematical learning. First evidence for positive effects of visuo-spatial training ... [more ▼] In the context of numerical development, visuo-spatial skills are are assumed to provide an early foundation for later mathematical learning. First evidence for positive effects of visuo-spatial training on numerical performance in children has recently been provided (Cheng & Mix, 2014). In sum, visuo-spatial training can be considered as being a promising approach for enhancing young children’s early math performance and providing them with a sound foundation for later mathematical learning. Nevertheless, rarely any visuo-spatial training material is currently available for the preschool setting. Based on this, we have developed a tablet-based visual-spatial intervention tool for preschoolers. This tool has been specifically designed for the school setting and should be administered by a teacher to a whole classroom or a small group of children. In terms of design, the tablet workspace is conceptualized as an electronic blackboard being used in combination with external material such as booklets. A multitude of tasks targeting different levels of visual-spatial abilities have been developed and will be presented. This tool is currently being scientifically evaluated in the context of a first classroom based intervention study in Luxembourgish kindergartens (N=125). In a pretest-posttest design, we are evaluating changes in visuo-spatial abilities and potential transfer effects on numerical abilities in the intervention group (n=68) compared to a “teaching as usual” control group (n=57). The intervention is carried out twice per week (20 minutes per session) over a period of 10 weeks. Only near transfer effects could be observed, but no further transfer to non-trained transformation skills and early math abilities. Training effects were thus restricted to skills that have been specifically targeted during training sessions. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 176 (32 UL)![]() ![]() ; ; Schiltz, Christine ![]() Poster (2015) Face recognition in adults recruits specialised mechanisms that are selectively driven by horizontal information. This range indeed conveys the most optimal and stable cues to identity. Whether the ... [more ▼] Face recognition in adults recruits specialised mechanisms that are selectively driven by horizontal information. This range indeed conveys the most optimal and stable cues to identity. Whether the horizontal tuning of adult face recognition reflects horizontal bias already active at infancy and/or whether it also results from the extensive experience acquired with faces over the lifespan is elusive. Answering these questions is crucial to determine the information constraining the developmental specialisation of core visual functions such as face perception. Participants aged between 6 and 74 years matched unfamiliar faces that were filtered to retain information in narrow ranges centred on horizontal (H), vertical (V), or both orientation ranges (HV). H and V ranges respectively maximize and minimize the recruitment of face-specific mechanisms (Goffaux and Dakin, 2010). Stimuli were presented at upright and inverted planar orientations and the face inversion effect (FIE; i.e., better performance for upright than inverted faces) was taken as a marker of face-specific processing. In H and HV conditions, FIE size increased linearly from childhood to adulthood, manifesting the progressive specialization of face perception. FIE emerged earlier when processing HV than H faces (FIE onset: 6 and 12 years, respectively) indicating that until 12 years horizontal information is necessary but not sufficient to trigger face-specialised processing. Partial correlations further showed that FIE development in HV condition was not fully explained by FIE development in H condition. Besides a progressive maturation of horizontal processing, the specialization of the face processing system thus also depends on the improved integration of horizontal range with other orientations. In contrast, FIE size was small and stable when processing V information. These results show that the face processing system matures over the life span based on the refined encoding of horizontally-oriented (upright) face cues. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2015. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 107 (0 UL)![]() Ahmed, Furqan ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, December 17) Detailed reference viewed: 120 (14 UL)![]() Hunegnaw, Addisu ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, December 16) Detailed reference viewed: 87 (15 UL)![]() Kolodkin, Alexey ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, December) Detailed reference viewed: 180 (14 UL)![]() Trefois, Christophe ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, December) Detailed reference viewed: 185 (26 UL)![]() Reichardt, Sven ![]() Poster (2014, November 07) Detailed reference viewed: 130 (3 UL)![]() Bordas, Stéphane ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, November) Detailed reference viewed: 197 (7 UL)![]() Szary, Philipp ![]() Poster (2014, November) Detailed reference viewed: 100 (8 UL)![]() Szary, Philipp ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, November) Detailed reference viewed: 107 (21 UL)![]() ![]() Schaan, Violetta ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, November) Detailed reference viewed: 130 (22 UL)![]() Sheik, Abdul ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, October 16) Detailed reference viewed: 190 (21 UL)![]() Weigelt, Matthias ![]() Poster (2014, October 14) Detailed reference viewed: 156 (4 UL)![]() Sidorov, Dmitry ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, October 14) The electromagnetic phase centre of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna does not coincide with the physical one and depends on the azimuth and elevation of the incoming signals. To improve ... [more ▼] The electromagnetic phase centre of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna does not coincide with the physical one and depends on the azimuth and elevation of the incoming signals. To improve processing results, the International GNSS Service has developed antenna phase centre corrections (PCC), which include models for constant and variable biases, i.e. phase centre offsets and phase centre variations. By assuming that the small differences in PCCs between antenna/radome combinations of the same type/model are negligible, so called type-mean PCCs have been generated and, for practical reasons, have been widely applied. The type-mean PCCs are averaged corrections, which are composed from several individual PCCs. Contrary to the general assumption, individual PCCs may sometimes be significantly different for antennas of the same type and it can be argued, that the use of type-mean instead of individual calibrations may degrade GNSS-derived products, such as satellite orbits and station coordinates. Furthermore, through simple geometric considerations it can be shown that inaccuracies in the PCCs may propagate into time series of GNSS solutions and may contribute some power at the orbital frequencies and their harmonics. In this study we assess the impact of the applied antenna PCCs on satellite orbits and station coordinates. As the availability of individual PCCs for GNSS stations is very limited, we analyzed a global network with stations mainly located in Europe. We used 10 years of GPS data in our processing. Despite the limitations imposed by the poor network geometry, we observed improvements in orbit overlaps at day boundaries when individual antenna PCCs were used compared to the respective type-mean solutions. Additionally, we analyzed the impact of the applied PCCs on Precise Point Positioning (PPP) station coordinates using our computed orbits. Our preliminary results showed that out of two PPP runs, the one with individual PCCs and respective orbit set reduced the noise in solutions compared to the other PPP run. We conclude that the use of individual PCCs is advantageous for derived GNSS products, as improvements are observed both in the estimated satellite orbits and station coordinate time series. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 113 (22 UL)![]() Bustan, Smadar ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, October 07) Detailed reference viewed: 72 (6 UL)![]() Scheuren, Raymonde ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, October) Aim: Unpleasantness and negative affect accompany the sensory experience of pain. Both components of pain are heavily influenced by cognitive and emotional processes. In this framework, alterations in ... [more ▼] Aim: Unpleasantness and negative affect accompany the sensory experience of pain. Both components of pain are heavily influenced by cognitive and emotional processes. In this framework, alterations in baroreceptor reactivity and concomitant changes in cardiac rhythm and blood pressure related to these processes contribute to the modulation of pain sensitivity. Furthermore, self-regulatory capacity has been shown to play a major role in the regulation of cognitive, affective, and behavioural reactions to adverse contexts. These regulatory mechanisms include adjustment of cardiovascular activity and heavily depend on prefrontal cortical processing. Vagally mediated heart rate variability (HRV) at rest is an indicator of the prefrontally modulated vagal activation and has been used as a psychophysiological marker for self-regulatory capacity. The present study investigated the predictive value of the trait self-regulation in the triggering of the thermal grill-induced pain illusion (TGI). We hypothesized inter-individual differences in paradoxical pain perception to be predicted by self-regulatory capacity in a way that participants displaying lower levels of self-regulation should be more likely to perceive the painful grill illusion than subjects with relatively higher self-regulation ability. Methods: A total of 54 healthy participants were recruited among university students and staff. A custom-built, water-bath driven thermal grill device, with interlaced cold and warm glass tubes, was used for the induction of the TGI. A pre-set temperature combination of 15°C and 41°C was applied to the palm of the dominant hand with stimulus durations of 1 min. Subsequent control conditions consisted in the interlaced combination of a baseline temperature of 32°C with one of the stimulus temperatures mentioned above. The procedure was repeated three times. The volunteers used numerical rating scales ranging from 0-100 to rate sensory and affective pain perceptions in intervals of 15 seconds. Vagally mediated HRV at rest was assessed prior to the thermal stimulation protocols. Results: Time-domain components of HRV used as graded indicators of parasympathetic activity and of the extent of self-regulation significantly predicted the possibility of an occurrence of pain and unpleasantness sensations in response to thermal grill stimulation (p <.05). Participants characterized in this way were more likely to express paradoxical pain than subjects not displaying similar levels of HRV. Conclusion: The present results support previous findings indicating an impact of several psychological traits on the individual disposition to paradoxical pain perceptions. Self-regulation ability, operationalized as vagally mediated heart rate variability, can partially explain the probability of perceived pain in response to non-noxious thermal grill stimulation. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 219 (14 UL)![]() ![]() Georges, Carrie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, October) Evidence for number-space associations comes from the spatial-numerical association of response-codes (SNARC) effect, consisting in faster reaction times to small/large digits with the left/right hand ... [more ▼] Evidence for number-space associations comes from the spatial-numerical association of response-codes (SNARC) effect, consisting in faster reaction times to small/large digits with the left/right hand respectively. Although the SNARC effect has been extensively replicated, it is characterized by high inter-individual variability (e.g. Hoffmann et al., 2014). Moreover, even though number-space associations have been observed when numerical magnitude is both relevant (e.g. magnitude comparison) and irrelevant (e.g. parity and color judgment) for successful task completion, their strengths and underlying cognitive processes seem to vary depending on whether explicit reference to numerical magnitude is drawn or not (Fias et al., 2001; Mitchell et al., 2012). To further evaluate this hypothesis, we examined whether the SNARC effects observed in a single individual during distinct number-processing tasks were systematically linked. We computed correlations between the SNARC effects measured during a parity, magnitude and color judgment task in a population of 85 healthy university students (39 females, mean age=23.44 years). Interestingly, no relation could be observed between the color (slope=-6.79) and magnitude SNARC effects (slope=-6.98; r=0.18, p=0.11), indicating that number-space associations potentially underlie different cognitive operations in tasks with and without explicit numerical magnitude processing. Conversely, the parity SNARC effect (slope=-11.58) correlated with both the color (r=0.36, p=0.001) and magnitude SNARC effects (r=0.36, p=0.001). This suggests that although no explicit numerical magnitude treatment is required in the parity task – explaining its relationship with the color task – the involvement of number semantics is sufficient to position it in line with the magnitude judgment task. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 243 (19 UL)![]() Kolodkin, Alexey ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, October) Detailed reference viewed: 181 (17 UL)![]() ; ; et al Poster (2014, September 14) Detailed reference viewed: 139 (5 UL)![]() Androsova, Ganna ![]() Poster (2014, September 08) Despite a notable reduction in incidence of acute myocardial infarction (MI), patients who experienced it remain at risk for premature death and cardiac malfunction. The human cardiomyocytes are not able ... [more ▼] Despite a notable reduction in incidence of acute myocardial infarction (MI), patients who experienced it remain at risk for premature death and cardiac malfunction. The human cardiomyocytes are not able to achieve extensive regeneration upon MI. Remarkably, the adult zebrafish is able to achieve complete heart regeneration following amputation, cryoinjury or genetic ablation. This raises new potential opportunities on how to boost heart healing capacity in humans. The objective of our research is to characterize the transcriptional network of the zebrafish heart regeneration and underlying regulatory mechanisms. To conduct our investigation, we used microarray data from zebrafish at 6 post-cryoinjury time points (4 hours, and 1, 3, 7, 14 and 90 days) and control samples. We thereon looked for the gene co-expression patterns in the data and, based on that, constructed a weighted gene co-expression network. To detect candidate functional sub-networks (modules), we used two different network clustering approaches: a density-based (ClusterONE) and a topological overlap-based (Hybrid Dynamic Branch Cut) algorithms. The visualization of the expression changes of the candidate modules reflected the dynamics of the recovery process. Also we aimed to identify candidate “hub” genes that might regulate the behavior of the biological modules and drive the regeneration process. We identified eighteen distinct modules associated with heart recovery upon cryoinjury. Functional enrichment analysis displayed that the modules are involved in different cellular processes crucial for heart regeneration, including: cell fate specification (p-value < 0.006) and migration (p-value < 0.047), ribosome biogenesis (p-value < 0.004), cardiac cell differentiation (p-value < 3E-04), and various signaling events (p-value < 0.037). The visualization of the modules’ expression profiles confirmed the relevance of these functional enrichments. For instance, the genes of the module involved in regulation of endodermal cell fate specification were up-regulated upon injury until 3 days. Among the candidate hub genes detected in the network, there are genes relevant to atherosclerosis treatment and inflammation during cardiac arrest. These and other findings are currently undergoing deeper computational analyses. The top promising targets will be independently validated using our zebrafish (in vivo) model. In conclusion, our findings provide insights into the complex regulatory mechanisms involved during heart regeneration in the zebrafish. These data will be useful for modelling specific network-based responses to heart injury, and for finding sensitive network points that may trigger or boost heart regeneration. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 112 (10 UL)![]() Norta, David Peter Benjamin ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, September 08) The amount of renewable generators increases worldwide. With the higher share of renewable resources in a system, simultaneously the alternating power generation increases. To understand the intermittent ... [more ▼] The amount of renewable generators increases worldwide. With the higher share of renewable resources in a system, simultaneously the alternating power generation increases. To understand the intermittent influence of the three main renewable technologies, namely windpower, solarpower and hydropower, energy balances of larger regions and the corresponding renewable, distributed generation has to be estimated to understand their generators’ influence on a system. In the following Luxembourg is considered. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 164 (10 UL)![]() Tewari, Udit ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, September 08) Indian proverb, “the utmost darkness is under the oil lamp”, is indeed true in relation to present scenario in places under local distribution grids in India, situated around the Hydropower plants. These ... [more ▼] Indian proverb, “the utmost darkness is under the oil lamp”, is indeed true in relation to present scenario in places under local distribution grids in India, situated around the Hydropower plants. These conventional hydropower plants use hydrostatic energy for power generation with a conversion efficiency of 85-95%, whereas the energy possessed by available body of moving water around the plant, known as “Hydrokinetic energy”, is difficult to extract due to low flow rates. This poster, prepared in collaboration with Smart Hydro Power GmbH, Germany presents the impact of “ Combined Cycle Hydroelectric Power System”- a combination of hydropower plant and hydrokinetic turbines, to provide additional power to the local grid situated around an existing hydropower plant. It intends to show that, for water rich areas, hydrokinetic turbines are an inexpensive option and offer a viable solution for securing reliable power and stabilizing the local grid situated around a hydropower plant. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 152 (4 UL)![]() ![]() Ouzzahra, Yacine ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, September 05) Detailed reference viewed: 122 (12 UL)![]() ; ; et al Poster (2014, September) The South Scotia Ridge (SSR) left-lateral transform/strike-slip (S-S) fault defines the Scotia plate’s (SP) southern boundary separating it from the Powell Basin (PB), South Orkney Microcontinent (SOM ... [more ▼] The South Scotia Ridge (SSR) left-lateral transform/strike-slip (S-S) fault defines the Scotia plate’s (SP) southern boundary separating it from the Powell Basin (PB), South Orkney Microcontinent (SOM), and the Weddell Sea sections of the Antarctic plate (AP). The SP developed as a space filling accommodation zone for S. America-Antarctica relative motions, mostly during the last 40 m.y. The SSR also hosts several restraining and releasing bends. The SP, PB and SOM have complex evolution histories including large-scale displacement and stretching of the SOM, as well as other continental fragments within the SP, all of which were incorporated into a background of changing sea floor spreading geometries. The SOM defines an ~300 km segment of the SSR opposite a section of the SP that is primarily oceanic crust with a few small, stretched continental fragments. Two large earthquakes, M7.6 and 7.8, with aftershock zones largely confined to the northern SOM boundary, occurred on the SSR in 2003 and 2013. Moment tensor solutions show they occurred on faults dipping ~30 and 45° to the south. The 2013 event was almost pure, left-lateral strike-slip, while the 2003 event was oblique but predominantly strike-slip. This is an unusual combination of fault dip and slip direction for a strike-slip plate boundary. The half duration of both events is also relatively long. A continuous GPS (CGPS) station on Laurie Island is located immediately west of the rupture zone of the 2003 event and at the approximate center, and close to the surface projection, of the finite fault models for the 2013 earthquake. We present co-seismic static offsets and post-seismic transients for both earthquakes from GPS daily position estimates. In addition, the CGPS station now records at 1 Hz and we present the GPS displacement seismogram for the 2013 event. This record contains a complex signal that includes the passage of the Love and Rayleigh surface waves, with max displacements of ~70 cm, over an ~80 second time interval during which a ~50 cm static offset developed. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 156 (7 UL)![]() ![]() Lamotte, Mathilde ![]() Poster (2014, September) Detailed reference viewed: 65 (0 UL)![]() Barros Coimbra, Stephanie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, September) Migration and ageing have become key topics of the contemporary world. In the next years, many western countries will be confronted with specific challenges of an ageing society. Among these, the ... [more ▼] Migration and ageing have become key topics of the contemporary world. In the next years, many western countries will be confronted with specific challenges of an ageing society. Among these, the situation of older migrants is of particular interest in many European countries. Only few studies have, however, focused the relationship quality between adult children and their ageing parents in host national compared to immigrant families. Within this context, expectations of different generations towards one another may be of specific importance. As ageing parents approach a critical period of their life span, they may in general more likely experience a need for intergenerational support and solidarity and develop specific expectations about support exchange. These expectations may be challenged when families migrate from a culture of interdependence to a culture of independence, since cultural contact might lead to core changes in value orientations. As these changes are often more pronounced in the second generation than in the first, a generation gap between ageing parents and their adult children might result out of this process. A major question in this context refers to mutual expectations and obligations between family members of different generations as far as emotional and financial support are concerned. Adult children from immigrant families might, for instance, be subject to the experience of ambivalent or conflictual feelings regarding the desire to become independent from their parents; at the same time, they may feel the urge to conform to parental expectations or to support their parents in accordance to the values of their parents’ culture of origin. However, older parents may also undergo changes in their perception of intergenerational support and lower their expectations in the process of acculturation. In the present study, a cross-cultural comparison between Luxemburgish and Portuguese triads of adult children and their older parents living in Luxembourg (N = 120) will be realized. We will focus on different key issues regarding intergenerational family relations between first and second generations of host nationals and immigrants. One of the main issues will be to examine interdependent and independent self-construals comparing both cultural groups and both generations, presuming that there might be an intergenerational or an acculturation gap. Another research question concerns the potential consequences of divergent expectations about support and solidarity between family members of different generations, such as ambivalent or conflictual feelings. Finally, we will analyse in how far changes in the ideas about intergenerational relations might have affected and be affected by the life-long goal pursuit of older parents of both cultural groups. Results will be discussed within the framework of an integrative model of intergenerational family relations in the light of migration and ageing, which will be presented as a heuristic to explain similarities and differences in adult child-parent relationships by comparing two culturally different groups. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 189 (27 UL)![]() Kolodkin, Alexey ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, September) Detailed reference viewed: 177 (7 UL)![]() ![]() Carpantier, Jean-Francois ![]() Poster (2014, September) Detailed reference viewed: 117 (4 UL)![]() ![]() Reichert, Monique ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, August 26) The current study aims at identifying those cognitive and linguistic attributes that best describe and explain reading test performance in two languages, and of individuals with different language ... [more ▼] The current study aims at identifying those cognitive and linguistic attributes that best describe and explain reading test performance in two languages, and of individuals with different language backgrounds. German and French language teachers from Luxembourg secondary schools were asked to rate a number of either German or French reading tasks with regard to a list of cognitive and linguistic attributes. The teachers’ item attribute ratings were then linked to the empirical data collected in a large-scale study among Luxembourg 9th graders. Based on the initial item-attribute assignments, ideal item-response patterns could be presumed and compared to real examinees’ response patterns by using a linear logistic test modeling approach. The results from the different modeling steps show (a) whether the theoretical assumptions underlying the difficulty in reading comprehension items hold, (b) whether they hold for both German and French, and (c) whether they hold for participants with different language backgrounds. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 106 (4 UL)![]() ![]() Rost, Silke ![]() Poster (2014, August 21) Detailed reference viewed: 109 (1 UL)![]() ![]() ; Pignault, Anne ![]() Poster (2014, August) Detailed reference viewed: 111 (6 UL)![]() Barros Coimbra, Stephanie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, August) In the near future, many western nations will be confronted with specific issues regarding ageing populations and their physical and psychological well-being. Ageing persons might experience a greater ... [more ▼] In the near future, many western nations will be confronted with specific issues regarding ageing populations and their physical and psychological well-being. Ageing persons might experience a greater need for intergenerational support and solidarity, especially in the context of migration. The acculturation process may entail an increased intergenerational gap possibly leading to conflicts and ambivalences between family members. This might in turn cause a diminished feeling of their well-being. A cross-cultural comparison is envisaged between Luxemburgish and Portuguese triads of adult children and their older parents living in Luxembourg (N = 120). Participants will report on their mutual relationship quality and subjective well-being by using a standardized questionnaire. Similitudes and differences in mutual expectations of the participants as well as the effects of an intergenerational gap in ideas about intergenerational solidarity on relationship quality and on subjective well-being (SWB) of family members will be examined. Results will be discussed regarding the relevance of intergenerational family relations for subjective well-being in the light of migration and ageing. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 232 (14 UL)![]() Teferle, Felix Norman ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, July 26) In 2013 the King Edward Point (KEP) Geodetic Observatory was established in South Georgia, South Atlantic Ocean, in support of geoscience applications. South Georgia Island has been a key location for the ... [more ▼] In 2013 the King Edward Point (KEP) Geodetic Observatory was established in South Georgia, South Atlantic Ocean, in support of geoscience applications. South Georgia Island has been a key location for the seismic, geomagnetic and oceanic global monitoring networks. However, no geodetic permanent monitoring station had been established there despite the lack of observations from this region within the International GNSS Service (IGS) network of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations. Currently, the observatory consists of two state-of-the-art GNSS stations (KEPA 42701M001 and KRSA 42702M001) with local benchmark networks, allowing the height determinations from the GNSS antennas to be transferred to the tide gauge (Global Sea Level Observing System 187) and forming a height reference within the International Terrestrial Reference Frame. In this study, we will present an evaluation of the GNSS observations from the KEP Geodetic Observatory for the period from February 2013 to December 2013. We calculate multipath and positioning statistics and compare these to those from IGS stations. We report on the benchmark network and tide board installation, as well as, on the results from the two levelling campaigns carried out to date. For the future it is envisaged that the stations will contribute to the TIGA objective of monitoring vertical land movements at tide gauges, and that KEPA will contribute to the IGS network. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 145 (7 UL)![]() ![]() Steffgen, Georges ![]() Poster (2014, July 17) Detailed reference viewed: 153 (13 UL)![]() Engelberg, Elisabeth ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, July 17) Detailed reference viewed: 88 (1 UL)![]() ![]() ; ; et al Poster (2014, July 15) Word characteristics such as frequency, imageability, concreteness and length are considered good predictors of performance in lexical tasks like picture naming, word comprehension or lexical decision ... [more ▼] Word characteristics such as frequency, imageability, concreteness and length are considered good predictors of performance in lexical tasks like picture naming, word comprehension or lexical decision-making. There is also evidence that the age of acquisition (AoA) of words can partly explain aspects of word processing behaviour in later childhood and adulthood (Morrison et al., 1992; Brysbaert & Cortese, 2010).In the present study, we collected AoA norms for 158 nouns and 142 verbs in 22 languages: Afrikaans, British English, Catalan, Danish, Finnish, German, Hebrew, Irish, IsiXhosa, Italian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, South African English, Spanish, Swedish and Turkish. In a preparatory picture naming procedure, adult native speakers of 34 languages were asked to name 508 object and 504 action pictures. Words shared among the target languages were retained for the final corpus. Our study followed the typical procedure for establishing AoA (see Morrison et al. 1997) and was performed on-line (see www.words-psych.org). 804 adult participants (at least 20 for each language) were asked to specify the age at which they learned the words in their native language. The vast majority of words were rated as acquired by the age of 7 years, demonstrating overlap in early vocabulary across diverse languages. Significant correlations between all language pairs point to a similar developmental sequence for the words under investigation. No previous study has compared AoA judgements on a shared set of words in a wide range of languages. 'The AoA data collected in the 22 languages provides word characteristics that should assist the design of cross-linguistic psycholinguistic experiments and the preparation of materials for use in the assessment and treatment of language disorders in preschool children. The AoA data are currently being used to control for AoA in the construction of cross-linguistic lexical tasks assessing word knowledge in monolingual and bilingual children. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 308 (0 UL)![]() Hartmann, Thomas ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, July 02) Intelligent systems continuously analyze their context to autonomously take corrective actions. Building a proper knowledge representation of the context is the key to take adequate actions. This requires ... [more ▼] Intelligent systems continuously analyze their context to autonomously take corrective actions. Building a proper knowledge representation of the context is the key to take adequate actions. This requires numerous and complex data models, for example formalized as ontologies or meta-models. As these systems evolve in a dynamic context, reasoning processes typically need to analyze and compare the current context with its history. A common approach consists in a temporal discretization, which regularly samples the context (snapshots) at specific timestamps to keep track of the history. Reasoning processes would then need to mine a huge amount of data, extract a relevant view, and finally analyze it. This would require lots of computational power and be time-consuming, conflicting with the near real-time response time requirements of intelligent systems. This paper introduces a novel temporal modeling approach together with a time-relative navigation between context concepts to overcome this limitation. Similarly to time distortion theory, our approach enables building time-distorted views of a context, composed by elements coming from different times, which speeds up the reasoning. We demonstrate the efficiency of our approach with a smart grid load prediction reasoning engine. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 174 (21 UL)![]() Pinto Costa, Andreia ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, July) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication and difficulties regulating emotions. Emotion regulation is an important aspect of children’s emotional ... [more ▼] Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication and difficulties regulating emotions. Emotion regulation is an important aspect of children’s emotional and social development. It maximizes learning and allows the development of trusting relationships. In the present study we aimed at studying how children with ASD regulate frustration and anger. Participants were 17 children diagnosed with ASD aged between 5 and 12 years old (14 boys and 3 girls) and their parents. Emotion regulation was assessed by parents’ reports of their child’s emotion regulation (Emotion Regulation Checklist, Shields & Cicchetti, 1998) and through the observation of children during the episode “Attractive toy placed behind a barrier”. The purpose of this episode was to elicit frustration and anger by placing a toy, with which the child had been playing, behind a barrier. Anger was coded as verbal and physical action against the barrier or persons present. Results revealed that children with more autistic symptoms were evaluated by their parents as having more difficulties regulating their emotions. Furthermore, parents’ evaluations of their child’s emotion regulation were positively correlated to the expression of anger during the frustration and anger regulation episode. However, no significant differences were observed in terms of autistic symptoms during the frustration and anger regulation episode. In conclusion, results show that children with more autistic symptoms are seen by their parents as having more difficulties regulating their emotions but do not show differences in terms of their emotion regulation during a frustration and anger eliciting episode. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 282 (5 UL)![]() Albert, Isabelle ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, July) Most studies in the context of acculturation research have focused on family relations between first generation parents and their second generation children in adolescence, but less is known about ... [more ▼] Most studies in the context of acculturation research have focused on family relations between first generation parents and their second generation children in adolescence, but less is known about immigrant families at later stages in the family life cycle. As first generation immigrants are currently approaching retirement age in many Western European countries, the question of how parent-child relations in adulthood are regulated, gains - however - particular importance. Older migrants and their adult children might be confronted with very special tasks compared to families without migration background. In general, first generation parents might need higher intergenerational support from their adult children due to a smaller social network in the host country or due to fewer sociocultural resources such as language competences. There might also be an acculturation gap between parents and their adult children regarding different identity constructions, value orientations, norms and expectations with regard to intergenerational solidarity and support. These differences in expectations and beliefs might affect relationship quality between the family members from different generations as well as their well-being. In the present study, a cross-cultural comparison of altogether N = 120 Portuguese and Luxembourgish triads of older parents and their adult children, both living in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, is envisaged. The aims of the study are, firstly to examine similarities and differences in family values, internalized norms and mutual expectations of older parents and their adult children in migrant and non-migrant families; secondly, to analyze in how far an acculturation gap respectively a generation gap might have an impact on the relationship quality between parents and their adult children; thirdly and related to this, to explore subjective well-being (SWB) of all involved family members. Results will be discussed in the framework of an integrative model of intergenerational family relations in the light of migration and ageing. This model will be proposed as a heuristic to explain similarities and differences in adult child-parent relations in migrant and non-migrant families. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 205 (28 UL)![]() Nguyen, Viet Ha ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, July) This paper consists in damage diagnosis for several real bridges in Luxembourg. Before, different analysis methods were applied to the data measured from these structures showing interesting results ... [more ▼] This paper consists in damage diagnosis for several real bridges in Luxembourg. Before, different analysis methods were applied to the data measured from these structures showing interesting results. However, some difficulties are faced, especially due to environmental influences (temperature and soil-behaviour variations) which overlaid the structural changes caused by damage or confuse damage levels. These environmental effects are investigated in detail and removed in this work through Principal Component Analysis. Damage index is based on outlier analysis [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 194 (38 UL)![]() Barros Coimbra, Stephanie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, July) The concept of acculturation refers to cultural and psychological changes resulting from the contact between members of multiple cultures. According to Berry (1997), individuals display different ... [more ▼] The concept of acculturation refers to cultural and psychological changes resulting from the contact between members of multiple cultures. According to Berry (1997), individuals display different attitudes and behaviours in the process of acculturation. Earlier studies have shown that members of host societies and immigrants often prefer the integration strategy, which seems to have most positive outcomes for both host nationals and immigrant communities. The aim of the present study was to analyse the perceptions and preferences of Belgians regarding the acculturation stratégies displayed by two immigrant communities in Belgium, namely Portuguese and Moroccan. A sample of N = 120 Belgian students between the ages of 18 and 29 living in Brussels participated in the present study. Participants were randomly assigned to six different groups of n = 20 persons each: these were presented with six scenarios that differed by a combination of one of Berry’s acculturation strategies (separation, integration and assimilation) with one of two origins of the main character (Portuguese or Moroccan). Participants then filled out a standardized questionnaire measuring their degree of agreement and disagreement to different statements with regard to the displayed acculturation strategy. Analyses showed that Belgian natives rather appreciated integration strategies by immigrants (i.e. conservation of the cultural identity and an appropriation of the host culture’s values at the same time) to assimilation (i.e. own-culture desistance while seeking daily interaction with the majority) or separation strategies (i.e. maintenance of the heritage culture while rejecting contact with the host culture). Furthermore, Belgian participants expressed slightly more positive feelings toward young Portuguese immigrants compared to young Moroccan immigrants, which might be due to a smaller cultural distance between the former two cultures. No interaction effects between displayed acculturation strategy and cultural origin of the scenario’s main character were found. Results are discussed within the framework of Berry’s acculturation strategy model as well as referring to theories of similarity and attraction. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 238 (12 UL)![]() ; Sidorov, Dmitry ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June 25) The Sofia University GNSS Analysis Centre (SUGAC, suada.phys.uni-sofia.bg) is a new analysis centre established via collaboration between the Department of Meteorology and Geophysics of Sofia University ... [more ▼] The Sofia University GNSS Analysis Centre (SUGAC, suada.phys.uni-sofia.bg) is a new analysis centre established via collaboration between the Department of Meteorology and Geophysics of Sofia University, the IPOS - BuliPOS GNSS network in Bulgaria and the University of Luxembourg. In April 2014, the first processing campaign took place. One year GNSS data from 7 stations of the BuliPOS network are processed in collaboration with the University of Luxembourg. Tropospheric products (Zenith Total Delay and gradients) with 5 min temporal resolution are obtained using the NAPEOS software, developed by ESA. The tropospheric products from this campaign will be used for validation of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model as well as for case studies during intense precipitation events and fog. In this work the WRF model validation for Bulgaria will be presented. Future work will be the establishment of autonomous near real-time processing of the regional ground-based GNSS network in Southeast Europe in support of the EUMETNET E-GVAP and COST ES1206 ”Advanced Global Navigation Satellite Systems for Severe Weather Events and Climate” projects. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 120 (0 UL)![]() Hale, Jack ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June 24) Detailed reference viewed: 132 (3 UL)![]() Kolodkin, Alexey ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June) Detailed reference viewed: 164 (16 UL)![]() Kolodkin, Alexey ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June) Detailed reference viewed: 185 (11 UL)![]() Dusdal, Jennifer ![]() Poster (2014, June) Detailed reference viewed: 121 (13 UL)![]() ![]() Kirsch, Christiane ![]() Poster (2014, June) L’aspect principal de la recherche présente consiste dans la comparaison de trois techniques d’évaluation du Test of Creative Thinking : Drawing Production (Test de Pensée Créative : Production Picturale ... [more ▼] L’aspect principal de la recherche présente consiste dans la comparaison de trois techniques d’évaluation du Test of Creative Thinking : Drawing Production (Test de Pensée Créative : Production Picturale TPC-PP) (Urban & Jellen, 1995). Il s’agit de déterminer la technique d’évaluation la plus appropriée pour différents types de populations : architectes, psychologues et la population générale. L’échantillon des architectes compte 140 participants (65 femmes, 75 hommes, M = 21.96, ET = 4.37, distribution d’âge: 18-52 ans). L’échantillon des psychologues compte 121 participants (95 femmes, 24 hommes, M = 21.94, ET = 2.22, distribution d’âge: 19-32 ans). L’échantillon de la population générale compte 175 participants (109 femmes, 66 hommes, M = 24.47, ET = 3.52, distribution d’âge: 19-39 ans). Mis à part de la population des architectes, on retrouve des corrélations élevées entre les trois techniques d’évaluation. Ce résultat, quelque peu surprenant, est ramené au niveau d’expertise en dessin des architectes. Il semble bien que dans ce domaine spécifique, il est utile d’avoir recours à des juges experts en matière de dessin ou d’architecture. Des recherches futures pourraient tenter d’établir des modèles de prédiction de la créativité, adaptés aux champs plus vastes des arts, de la science et de la créativité dans la vie de tous les jours. Ils devraient être respectivement basés sur la méthode d’évaluation la plus adaptée à la population concernée. Ceci permettrait de fortifier la mesure du construit de la créativité et d’établir des modèles de prédiction de la créativité plus élaborés et plus spécifiques. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 96 (3 UL)![]() ![]() Fischbach, Antoine ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June) Detailed reference viewed: 82 (13 UL)![]() ; ; Weigelt, Matthias ![]() Poster (2014, June) Detailed reference viewed: 130 (5 UL)![]() ![]() Seixas, Rita ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June) Detailed reference viewed: 67 (3 UL)![]() ![]() Seixas, Rita ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June) Detailed reference viewed: 71 (2 UL)![]() Gamo, Sylvie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, June) ÉpStan (Épreuves Standardisées) est une étude annuelle à grande échelle réalisée à Luxembourg depuis 2009. Les ÉpStan ont pour objectif d’évaluer le système éducatif luxembourgeois, en particulier le ... [more ▼] ÉpStan (Épreuves Standardisées) est une étude annuelle à grande échelle réalisée à Luxembourg depuis 2009. Les ÉpStan ont pour objectif d’évaluer le système éducatif luxembourgeois, en particulier le niveau de compétences atteint en mathématiques des élèves de 3ème et de 9ème année d’étude (âgés en moyenne de 8 ans vs. 14 ans). A partir des résultats mathématiques ÉpStan 2013 du primaire et du secondaire, cette recherche vise d’une part, à examiner si l’écart de performance mathématique entre les sexes constaté par PISA 2012 chez les élèves de 15 ans luxembourgeois est confirmé chez les élèves de 14 ans et chez les élèves plus jeunes (8 ans), (Robinson, & Theule Lubienski, 2011) et d’autre part, à tester si les écarts de performance entre les sexes reflètent des différences de motivation et de confiance en soi et d’anxiété. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 129 (12 UL)![]() Cornu, Véronique ![]() Poster (2014, May 16) Plusieurs études ont pu démontrer l´association entre troubles de la marche, chutes et fonctions cognitives (attention, fonctions exécutives) chez les personnes âgées. Il semble ainsi prometteur dans le ... [more ▼] Plusieurs études ont pu démontrer l´association entre troubles de la marche, chutes et fonctions cognitives (attention, fonctions exécutives) chez les personnes âgées. Il semble ainsi prometteur dans le cadre de la prévention de chutes, d´analyser les effets d´un entraînement cognitif sur la marche. En ce qui concerne les paramètres de la marche, une variabilité du pas élevée et un ralentissement de la vitesse de marche sous condition de double tâche, sont des indicateurs sensibles permettant d’évaluer le risque de chutes. La présente étude a analysé les effets d´un entraînement neurocognitif sur ces différents paramètres. L´échantillon est composé de 24 personnes âgées (âge moyen : 85, écart-type : 5.69). Les participants ont été affectés soit à un groupe d´intervention participant à un entraînement cognitif de six semaines (n=14), soit à un groupe contrôle (n=10). Un design quasi-expérimental avec des mesures pré- et posstest a été utilisé. L´analyse de la marche a été effectué à l´aide du système Gaitrite® qui permet de mesurer e.a. la vitesse, la variabilité de la durée du cycle de marche et la variabilité de la longueur du cycle de marche. Sous la condition double tâche, des effets d’importance clinique ont pu être observés dans le groupe d’intervention après l’entraînement cognitif. Une réduction de la vitesse de marche moins importante après l’entraînement (taille d’effet, δ = |.25|) ainsi qu’une réduction de la variabilité de la longueur du cycle de marche ont pu être observés (taille d’effet, δ = |.54|). Ces premiers résultats sont prometteurs et suggèrent qu´un entraînement cognitif peut avoir le potentiel d´améliorer les troubles de marche. Néanmoins, des recherches ultérieures avec des échantillons plus grands sont nécessaires afin de confirmer et de renforcer les résultats trouvés lors de l´étude présente. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 239 (10 UL)![]() Stoike-Sy, Rahel ![]() Poster (2014, May 02) Detailed reference viewed: 90 (9 UL)![]() ![]() Pignault, Anne ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, May 01) Detailed reference viewed: 147 (3 UL)![]() Houssemand, Claude ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, May 01) The aim of the European Leonardo da Vinci project Acrojump is to create a web-based E-profile for young people aged 16-25, who have few qualifications, no diploma and limited professional experience. All ... [more ▼] The aim of the European Leonardo da Vinci project Acrojump is to create a web-based E-profile for young people aged 16-25, who have few qualifications, no diploma and limited professional experience. All relevant information about the past experience of these young people will be put online with the help of counsellors trained to elicit all pertinent facts that can be put into an electronic résumé (sports, participation in projects, field interventions, etc.). These details can represent different levels of competencies which may or may not tie to the professional domain. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 95 (1 UL)![]() Pinto Costa, Andreia ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, May) Background: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) seem to have lower emotion regulation competence (Samson, Huber, & Gross, 2012). It has been reported that ASD is a continuum of social ... [more ▼] Background: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) seem to have lower emotion regulation competence (Samson, Huber, & Gross, 2012). It has been reported that ASD is a continuum of social-communication disability (Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Skinner, Martin, & Clubley, 2001) and that neurotypical individuals are also part of that continuum and have autistic traits. Therefore, neurotypical individuals with more autistic traits would be expected to have lower emotion regulation competence than those with less autistic traits. Additionally, low levels of resting heart rate variability (HRV) have been associated with poor social functioning and emotional rigidity (Butler, Wilhelm, & Gross, 2006), which characterize ASD. Consequently, it is hypothesized that neurotypical individuals with more autistic traits should also have lower resting HRV. Objectives: To analyse if neurotypical adults with more autistic traits use less efficient emotion regulation strategies and the relation to cardiac vagal control. Methods: 80 undergraduate students participated in the study. None of the participants had a diagnosis of ASD. Participants were requested to answer four questionnaires: the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ; Baron-Cohen et al., 2001), which comprises 50 items and assesses 5 autistic traits in the general population; the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004), which comprises 36 items and assesses 6 factors of emotional dysregulation; the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ; Gross & John, 2003), which comprises 10 items and assesses 2 emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression; and finally, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20; Bagby, Parker, & Taylor, 1994), which comprises 20 items and assesses 3 factors of alexithymia. In the end, participants’ HRV was measured for 5 minutes. Results: Data collection is still being carried out and therefore definite results cannot be drawn. However, preliminary results seem to indicate that participants who have more autistic traits have in general more difficulties regulating their emotions. They use more often suppression than reappraisal as emotion regulation strategy and demonstrate more difficulties in two factors of the DERS (“Lack of emotional awareness” and “Lack of emotional clarity”). Results also seem to indicate that those with more autistic traits have a higher score in alexithymia. Concerning HRV, preliminary results indicate that those with more autistic traits have higher resting HRV. Conclusions: Preliminary results indicate that, neurotypical individuals who have more autistic traits have a less adaptive emotion regulation profile compared to neurotypical individuals with less autistic traits. They use more frequently expressive suppression and less frequently cognitive reappraisal and have more difficulties understanding and being aware of their emotions. This could be explained by the fact that, similarly to individuals with ASD, neurotypical individuals with more autistic traits have more difficulties taking another person mental perspective. This is also supported by findings that those with more autistic traits have a higher score in alexithymia, showing that they have more difficulties identifying and describing emotions. The unexpected HRV result might be explained by differences in the pattern of physiological responding (Zahn, Rumsey, & Kammen, 1987). [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 300 (15 UL)![]() ; Bund, Andreas ![]() Poster (2014, May) Detailed reference viewed: 88 (0 UL)![]() ![]() Georges, Carrie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, May) Evidence for number-space associations comes from the spatial-numerical association of response-codes (SNARC) effect, consisting in faster reaction times to small/large digits with the left/right hand ... [more ▼] Evidence for number-space associations comes from the spatial-numerical association of response-codes (SNARC) effect, consisting in faster reaction times to small/large digits with the left/right hand respectively. The cognitive processes underlying the SNARC effect are suggested to be task-dependent, such that number-space interactions result from verbal-spatial and visual-spatial number coding in parity and magnitude judgment tasks respectively (van Dijck et al., 2009). Moreover, the SNARC effect is characterized by high inter-individual variability (Hoffmann et al., 2014). Here we aimed to determine whether differences between the cognitive styles of individuals could influence the SNARC effect in a parity and magnitude judgment task. To distinguish between verbal and visual cognitive styles and between object- and spatial-visualizers, participants (n=74, 36 females, mean age=23.45 years) completed a modified version of Kirby et al.’s (1988) Verbalizer-Visualizer Questionnaire (VVQ, as in Mendelson & Thorson, 2004) and the Object-Spatial Imagery Questionnaire (OSIQ, Blajenkova et al., 2006, purchased from MM Virtual Design, LLC) respectively. Each item was placed on a five-point rating scale between strongly agree and strongly disagree, allowing us to compute verbal, visual, object and spatial scores for each participant. Participants that featured visual/verbal and spatial/object score ratios that were either both below or above the respective median ratio (visual/verbal ratio: M=1.09; spatial/object ratio: M=0.87) were classified as verbalizers (n=25, 16 females) and spatial-visualizers (n=25, 10 females) respectively. Participants subsequently performed the classical parity and magnitude judgment tasks. In verbalizers, the SNARC effect was significantly negative in the parity (slope=-11.2, p=0.001), but not the magnitude judgment task (slope=-1.2, p=0.53). Their verbal cognitive style might thus have induced a strong number-space association in tasks that supposedly draw on these cognitive processes, while it prevented spatial-numerical interactions in tasks that activate visuo-spatial number coding. Conversely, spatial-visualizers featured a significantly negative magnitude SNARC effect (slope=-4.8, p=0.04), indicating that a visuo-spatial style is not only necessary but sufficient to generate a number-space association in tasks that favour visuo-spatial number coding. Interestingly, they also manifested a significantly negative parity SNARC effect (slope=-9.9, p<0.001). It is likely that the spatial-visualizers switched strategy for the parity judgment task and - despite their visuo-spatial preferences - adopted the better-suited verbal strategy. Indeed, in contrast to verbalizers, their parity and magnitude SNARC effects did not correlate (spatial-visualizers: r=0.14, p=0.5; verbalizers: r=0.4, p=0.05). All in all, differences in cognitive styles might provide an additional explanation for the high inter-individual variability of the SNARC effect. Moreover, we provided further evidence for the verbal-spatial and visuo-spatial nature of the parity and magnitude SNARC effects respectively. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 203 (19 UL)![]() Dujardin, Céline ![]() Poster (2014, May) Chaque éducation est balisée de valeurs (Reboul, 2005). La famille élève l’enfant et l’entoure de valeurs d’affection. L’école transmet des valeurs liées au raisonnement et au sens de l’effort. La vie ... [more ▼] Chaque éducation est balisée de valeurs (Reboul, 2005). La famille élève l’enfant et l’entoure de valeurs d’affection. L’école transmet des valeurs liées au raisonnement et au sens de l’effort. La vie professionnelle apprend un métier. L’échange crée des tensions, provoque des confrontations idéologiques et forme l’identité. Le concept complexe de l’éducation des valeurs s’exprime à travers la littérature enfantine, créée par des adultes pour transmettre à l’enfant des conceptions jugées importantes (Schmitz, 1997). La littérature enfantine transmet une conception psychosociale à l’enfant, celle-ci s’inscrivant dans un environnement ayant ses valeurs et ses références (Prince, 2009). La littérature enfantine représente ainsi un support de transmission éducative (Schneider, 2005). Sous forme de poster, la communication résume une étude qualitative menée sur la transmission de la valeur du vrai dans la littérature enfantine. Le vrai est la valeur relative à la vérité qui s’exprime dans la recherche des connaissances. La quête de cette valeur est mise en œuvre par le questionnement sur nos convictions et idéologies qui forgent notre vérité (Pourtois & Desmet, 2002). En effet, dans la littérature enfantine, le « vrai » est essentiellement défini par les concepts de la vérité dans les relations interpersonnelles et le rapport de l’homme au savoir. Concernant la transmission du message, le support éducatif du livre enfantin propose le questionnement direct et explicite du message. Les livres se centrent sur le jeune lecteur et suscitent sa réflexion en proposant plusieurs manières d’aborder la valeur du vrai. De cette manière, la littérature enfantine se présente comme un outil d’appropriation active du discours. Le poster présente une partie du travail de fin d’études, sous la direction de Prof. Willy Lahaye, défendu par Céline Dujardin en vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Master en Sciences de l’éducation à l’Université de Mons. Dans l’année académique 2009-2010, le travail de fin d’études a été rédigé sous l’intitulé « L’éducation des valeurs en album pour enfants. Une voie pour transmettre le patrimoine culturel dans la société actuelle ». Le travail de master utilise la méthode qualitative d’analyse structurale pour examiner le contenu des livres pour enfants. Pour définir la valeur du vrai dans la littérature enfantine, trois mises en opposition peuvent être retenues, à savoir la vérité versus le mensonge, le savoir s’opposant à la méconnaissance et le savoir dit « scientifique » se distinguant du savoir dit « commun ». La littérature enfantine offre un rapport au savoir varié et constitue ainsi un support éducatif diversifié. L’utilisation éducative de l’album pour enfants dépend du parent, de l’enseignant ou de tout autre éducateur. En termes d’accrochage scolaire, le support éducatif du livre enfantin philosophique s’accorde avec des approches pédagogiques culturelles et multiréférentielles proposant plusieurs identifications à l’enfant et acceptant plusieurs vérités pour construire le savoir. Ce cadre d’apprentissage s’avère favorable à la reconnaissance du raisonnement de l’enfant et donc également à son accrochage scolaire. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 138 (11 UL)![]() Cornu, Véronique ![]() Poster (2014, May) Un lien entre troubles de la marche, chutes et fonction cognitives (fonctions exécutives et attention), chez les personnes âgées peut être considéré comme établi. En ce qui concerne les paramètres de la ... [more ▼] Un lien entre troubles de la marche, chutes et fonction cognitives (fonctions exécutives et attention), chez les personnes âgées peut être considéré comme établi. En ce qui concerne les paramètres de la marche, une variabilité du pas élevée et un ralentissement de la vitesse de marche sous condition de double tâche, sont des indicateurs sensibles permettant d’évaluer le risque de chute. La présente étude s´est intéressée aux différences de ces paramètres de marche en fonction de la performance dans un test d´attention sélective. L´échantillon est composé de 33 personnes âgées en long séjour (âge moyen : 83.7, écart-type : 6.2). L´analyse de la marche a été effectué à l´aide du système Gaitrite® qui permet de mesurer e.a. la vitesse, la variabilité de la durée du cycle de marche et la variabilité de la longueur du cycle de marche. L´attention sélective a été mesurée avec un test d´attention sélective adapté aux personnes âgées. Les personnes ont été regroupées sur la base de leur performance dans ce test (temps requis et erreurs commises) afin d´obtenir deux groupes : un groupe plus performant et un groupe moins performant. On a pu observer des différences de marche en fonction de l´attention sélective. Plus précisément, dans le groupe moins performant considérant les erreurs commises lors du test, la variabilité de la longueur du cycle de marche sous condition double tâche était sifnificativement supérieure à celle du groupe plus performant (U = 175.0, p < .05). Ces résultats mettent en évidence les différences dans les paramètres de marche, et le risque de chute associé, en fonction de la capacité d´attention sélective chez les personnes âgées. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 204 (11 UL)![]() ![]() ; Rost, Silke ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, May) Detailed reference viewed: 93 (1 UL)![]() Heintz, Anna ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April 30) Detailed reference viewed: 341 (27 UL)![]() ![]() Di Luca, Samuel ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April 04) Sooner or later human beings represent or see numerosities represented by hands. This handling of small numerosities by prototypical finger configurations has been the focus of many experiments ... [more ▼] Sooner or later human beings represent or see numerosities represented by hands. This handling of small numerosities by prototypical finger configurations has been the focus of many experiments investigating the possibility that semantic representations of numbers are motor-rooted. Canonical finger configurations (i.e. the culturally determined way to express numerosity with fingers) are for instance recognized faster (Di Luca et al., 2006), and give direct access to number semantics (Di Luca et Pesenti, 2008). It is also known that these effects are not due to a visual facilitation of canonical configurations (Di Luca et Pesenti, 2010), but to a different inner representation (Di Luca, Lefèvre and Pesenti, 2010). However, a precise characterization of their visual processing is currently lacking. We addressed this shortcoming by using an eye-tracking method based on gaze-contingent stimulus presentation (Van Belle et al., 2010). While participants named numerosities expressed by canonical and non-canonical finger numeral configurations presented in upright or inverted orientations, we selectively impaired analytical or holistic visual perception by respectively masking (in real time) peripheral or focal vision. Our data confirm the results found in literature: canonical configurations are processed faster than non-canonical ones, upright configurations are processed faster than inverted ones and holistic perception is faster than analytical one. Most importantly, we also demonstrate that canonical configurations are impaired by the peripheral mask (i.e. holistic vision hindered) whereas non-canonical ones are impaired by the foveal mask (i.e. analytical vision hindered). These results confirm that the practice of finger numeral configurations modifies not only the way human beings process and represent numerosities but especially the way to visually perceive them. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 92 (5 UL)![]() Pereira Coutada Miranda, Henrique ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April 02) We investigate the graphene-substrate interaction via changes in the phonon dispersion of graphene. Ab-initio calculations on these systems are of high computational cost due to the non-commensurability ... [more ▼] We investigate the graphene-substrate interaction via changes in the phonon dispersion of graphene. Ab-initio calculations on these systems are of high computational cost due to the non-commensurability of the unit cells of graphene and the substrate. This leads to the formation of Moiré patterns with accordingly large supercell sizes. We use a semi-empirical force constant model for the calculation of phonons of graphene on different metallic and insulating substrates. The interaction of graphene with the substrate is described via suitably chosen spring constants. The phonon dispersion in the primitive unit cell of graphene is obtained via an “unfolding procedure” similar to the ones used for the discussion of ARPES (angular resolved photo-emission spectroscopy) of graphene on incommensurate substrates. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 133 (5 UL)![]() Kaysen, Anne ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April) The human gastrointestinal tract is colonized by communities of endogenous microbes, commonly referred to as the microbiome. Here, the microbiota are in close contact with the host intestinal mucosa and ... [more ▼] The human gastrointestinal tract is colonized by communities of endogenous microbes, commonly referred to as the microbiome. Here, the microbiota are in close contact with the host intestinal mucosa and its innate and adaptive immune systems. The fact that certain stimuli induce an inflammatory response whereas others induce tolerance suggests, that the host immune system interacts with the microbiota and vice versa in different ways. However, the exact details of theses interactions remain largely unknown. It is known that cancer treatment can result in severe adverse effects like mucositis and in combination with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Tx), in graft-versus host disease (GvHD). However, there is at present only sparse information available on the effects of chemotherapy on the intestinal microbiota and resulting changes in microbiome-immune system interactions. Almost no data exists on the effect of allogeneic stem cell Tx on the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota. In this project, we are studying the complex interactions between the host and the intestinal microbiota after chemotherapy with or without allogeneic Tx and the occurrence of severe adverse side effects such as mucositis and GvHD. Using a systems biology approach including metagenomics and RNAseq, fecal samples and blood plasma samples from patients undergoing these treatments for malignancies will be analysed to identify the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome and bacterial small RNAs. The main research hypothesis is that there are quantitative and qualitative changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome following chemotherapy and allogeneic Tx which are linked to the immune status of the patients and possible treatment side-effects, in particular mucositis and GvHD. We aim to provide knowledge on how the host's intestinal mucosa and immune system influence the gastrointestinal microbiome and on the role and involvement of the gastrointestinal microbiota in development in mucositis and GvHD. Importantly, this could help in the formulation of measures to prevent mucositis and GvHD development. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 321 (37 UL)![]() ![]() Hornung, Caroline ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April) Detailed reference viewed: 130 (47 UL)![]() Szary, Philipp ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April) Detailed reference viewed: 67 (6 UL)![]() ; ; et al Poster (2014, April) Detailed reference viewed: 186 (0 UL)![]() ![]() Georges, Carrie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April) Evidence for number-space associations comes from the spatial-numerical association of response-codes (SNARC) effect, consisting in faster reaction times (RTs) to small/large digits with the left/right ... [more ▼] Evidence for number-space associations comes from the spatial-numerical association of response-codes (SNARC) effect, consisting in faster reaction times (RTs) to small/large digits with the left/right hand respectively. Classically, they are thought to result from numerical coding along a left-to-right-oriented mental number line (visuo-spatial account; Dehaene et al., 1993). Recently, an association between the verbal concepts “small”/“left” and “large”/“right” has been suggested as an alternative explanation (verbal-spatial account; Gevers et al., 2010). Since the predominance of these accounts remains debated, we aimed to determine whether task instructions influence their extent of explaining the SNARC effect. A magnitude comparison task where the verbal labels “left”/“right” were displayed on the left/right response side alternatively allowed us to directly contrast the two accounts by comparing verbal SNARC slopes (based on differences in RTs to the labels “left” and “right”) with classical spatial SNARC slopes (based on differences in RTs to the left and right response side). In the verbal condition, participants (41 students, 20 female, mean age=21.6) responded to the assigned labels irrespective of their side of appearance, whereas the spatial condition required responding to the left or right response side irrespective of the displayed label. Under verbal instructions, only the verbal slope was significantly negative (verbal slope=-67.54, spatial slope=-4.82). Conversely, no significant difference was observed between verbal and spatial slopes under spatial instructions – both slopes being significantly negative (verbal slope=-15.12, spatial slope=-29.39). Taken together, number-space associations arise from verbal coding regardless of task instructions, while spatial coding only occurs under spatial instructions. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 118 (23 UL)![]() ![]() Mustafic, Maida ![]() Poster (2014, April) Detailed reference viewed: 35 (1 UL)![]() ![]() Van Rinsveld, Amandine ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, April) How do bilinguals produce and recognize two-digit number words? We investigated this question at different language proficiency levels in German-French bilinguals. German two-digit number words indeed ... [more ▼] How do bilinguals produce and recognize two-digit number words? We investigated this question at different language proficiency levels in German-French bilinguals. German two-digit number words indeed follow the unit-decade order, whereas in French the order is decade-unit. Our study was conducted in Luxembourg where pupils learn both languages at primary school. Moreover mathematics are taught in German at primary school but in French at secondary school. Pupils from grades 5 (primary school), 8 (beginning of secondary school) and 11 (middle of secondary school) performed two numerical tasks: In the number recognition task, participants were presented a spoken number word that they had to recognize among four visually presented Arabic numbers. In the number production task, participants had to pronounce visually presented Arabic numbers. Both tasks were performed in German and in French and we compared language-related performance differences for the 3 levels of language proficiencies. Participants of all levels recognized and produced number-words more efficiently in their dominant language (i.e. German). However, this advantage for the dominant language was especially prominent at the lowest level of language proficiency when mathematics education was implemented in the dominant language (i.e. German). Furthermore, performance levels decreased with increasing number size, but over and above this general trend, participants of all proficiency levels showed specific difficulties with the complex structure of French number words over 60. Taken together, these results support the view that number and language processing are tightly associated, since language proficiency and language structure influence very simple and basic numerical tasks. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 141 (15 UL)![]() ![]() Gamo, Sylvie ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, March 30) Since 2009, ÉpStan (Épreuves Standardisées) is an annual large-scale study in Luxembourg. It aims to evaluate Luxembourg's school system, in particular students’ achieved competency level in mathematics ... [more ▼] Since 2009, ÉpStan (Épreuves Standardisées) is an annual large-scale study in Luxembourg. It aims to evaluate Luxembourg's school system, in particular students’ achieved competency level in mathematics implemented in 3rd and 9th grade. The present study aims to investigate whether the existing gender gap in mathematics among 15-year-olds revealed by PISA 2012 can be confirmed in ÉpStan 9th grade and if it already exists in younger students’ mathematics performance (ÉpStan 3rd grade) (Robinson, & Theule Lubienski, 2011). Further, we study wether a gender gap in students’ drive, motivation and self-beliefs concerning mathematics performance exists. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 154 (12 UL)![]() Dannert, Rick ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, March) Detailed reference viewed: 127 (0 UL)![]() Laczny, Cedric Christian ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, March) Detailed reference viewed: 103 (1 UL)![]() Di Giambattista, Carlo ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014, March) Detailed reference viewed: 80 (7 UL)![]() ; Ahmed, Furqan ![]() Poster (2014, February) Detailed reference viewed: 152 (6 UL)![]() ; ; Schiltz, Christine ![]() Poster (2014) Detailed reference viewed: 112 (1 UL)![]() Khan, Yasir Imtiaz ![]() ![]() Poster (2014) Algebraic Petri nets is a well suited formalism to represent the behavior of concurrent and distributed systems by handling complex data. For the analysis of systems modelled in Algebraic Petri nets ... [more ▼] Algebraic Petri nets is a well suited formalism to represent the behavior of concurrent and distributed systems by handling complex data. For the analysis of systems modelled in Algebraic Petri nets, model checking and testing are used commonly. Petri nets slicing is getting an attention recently to improve the analysis of systems modelled in Petri nets or Algebraic Petri nets. This work is oriented to define Algebraic Petri nets slicing and implement it in a verification tool. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 101 (11 UL)![]() ; ; et al Poster (2014) Detailed reference viewed: 127 (7 UL)![]() ; ; et al Poster (2014) Detailed reference viewed: 113 (4 UL)![]() ![]() Markova, Mariya ![]() ![]() ![]() Poster (2014) Detailed reference viewed: 67 (1 UL)![]() ![]() Martinez, Jabier ![]() ![]() Poster (2014) Detailed reference viewed: 205 (27 UL)![]() Glaab, Enrico ![]() ![]() Poster (2014) High-throughput omics datasets often contain technical replicates, included to account for technical sources of noise in the measurement process. Although summarizing these replicate measurements by using ... [more ▼] High-throughput omics datasets often contain technical replicates, included to account for technical sources of noise in the measurement process. Although summarizing these replicate measurements by using robust averages may help to reduce the influence of noise on downstream data analysis, the information on the variance across the replicate measurements is lost in the averaging process and therefore typically disregarded in subsequent statistical analyses. We introduce RepExplore, a web-service dedicated to exploit the information captured in the technical replicate variance to provide more reliable and informative differential expression and abundance statistics for omics datasets. The software builds on previously published statistical methods, which have been applied successfully to biomedical omics data but are difficult to use without prior experience in programming or scripting. RepExplore facilitates the analysis by providing a fully automated data processing and interactive ranking tables, whisker plot, heat map and principal component analysis visualizations to interpret omics data and derived statistics. The web-based software is freely available at http://www.repexplore.tk. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 145 (8 UL)![]() ![]() Dierolf, Angelika ![]() Poster (2014) The stress hormone cortisol has been identified as an important factor promoting aggression. Taken by itself, cortisol and aggression have been shown to alter the processing of social relevant information ... [more ▼] The stress hormone cortisol has been identified as an important factor promoting aggression. Taken by itself, cortisol and aggression have been shown to alter the processing of social relevant information, the latter being crucial in the development of a vicious cycle of violence. However, the mutual influence of cortisol and aggression on information processing has hardly been examined, even though this might provide insight into the underlying mechanisms of the escalation and the persistence of aggressive behavior, once it has begun. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of stress-induced rise in cortisol and provoked aggression on affective picture processing. 71 subjects were randomly assigned to a stress or a control condition and were either highly or mildly provoked during the subsequent Taylor Aggression Paradigm. Next, 144 pictures with positive, negative or aggressive content were presented. Meanwhile the EEG was recorded and acute levels of salivary cortisol were collected. Results revealed that cortisol and provocation jointly altered especially later event-related components (P300, slow waves), albeit in opposite direction. While high provocation resulted in overall enhanced amplitudes in the control group, it led to reduced amplitudes to all affective pictures in subjects with stress-induced increase of cortisol levels, indicating a general emotional regulation. These results suggest that adaptive controlling mechanisms are activated to face the mutual impact of stress and provocation, underlining the impact of cortisol in the context of aggression. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 33 (0 UL)![]() Decieux, Jean Philippe Pierre ![]() Poster (2014) In postindustriellen Gesellschaften und insbesondere im Zeitalter der Wissensgesellschaft greift die Politik zur gesamtgesellschaftlichen Steuerung v.a. in Krisensituationen immer häufiger auf externes ... [more ▼] In postindustriellen Gesellschaften und insbesondere im Zeitalter der Wissensgesellschaft greift die Politik zur gesamtgesellschaftlichen Steuerung v.a. in Krisensituationen immer häufiger auf externes Expertenwissen zurück, um: • Alternativen abzuwägen, • Entscheidungen zu treffen, legitimieren, bewerten und • als Frühwarnsystem zu fungieren. Auf EU-politischer Ebene wird dieses Treffen von Entscheidungen auf Basis von fundiertem Wissen als „evidence-based-policy-making“ bezeichnet. Was die Organisation und Produktion von Wissen angeht, beschreiben zahlreiche Studien einen Wandel dieser Prozesse in den heutigen modernen Gesellschaften, auch im politikberatenden Kontext. Die Art der Wissensdiffusion und die Rollenaufteilung haben sich verändert. Die traditionell lineare Vorgehensweise wird zumeist durch hybride Kooperationsmodelle, in denen unterschiedliche transdisziplinäre Akteure (wie Wissenschaft, Politik und Praxis) Wissen ko-konstruieren/-produzieren, abgelöst. Studienschwerpunkt: Während die klassischen akademischen Routinen und Methoden der Wissensgenerierung soziologisch gut erforscht sind, besteht jedoch Forschungsbedarf zu der Art und Weise, wie Wissen in diesem transdisziplinären Diskurs generiert wird. Schwerpunkt dieser Studie ist die Wissensgenerierung über quantitative Sozialindikatoren. Sie sind eine Form externen Wissens, welches hervorgebracht wird, um politische Entscheider im Entscheidungsprozess zu entlasten und ihre Entscheidung zu legitimieren. Das zentrale Ziel dieser Studie ist, die Einflüsse des Wissensdiskurses auf die traditionell wissenschaftlichen Methoden der Sozialberichterstattung zu erforschen. In einer empirischen Fallanalyse wird die Arbeit der transnationalen und -disziplinären Expertengruppe European Expert Group on Youth Indicators mittels einer Mehrfachtriangulation rekonstruiert. Sie operationalisiert die Indikatoren des European Dashboard on Youth Indcators im Diskurs zwischen Politik, Praxis und Wissenschaft (disziplinäre Interessen) sowie nationalen und internationalen Interessen, Zielen und kulturellen Identitäten. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 127 (36 UL)![]() ; ; Muller, Emilie ![]() Poster (2014) High throughput sequencing of 16S/18S rRNA gene is becoming an indispensable tool to explore microbial community ecology. To date, most of the studies using next generation amplicon sequencing of ... [more ▼] High throughput sequencing of 16S/18S rRNA gene is becoming an indispensable tool to explore microbial community ecology. To date, most of the studies using next generation amplicon sequencing of microorganisms involved in the anaerobic digestion process (AD) are based on the 454 pyrosequencing. However, the cost per read obtained with the Illumina technology is currently less than 1/100 of that for the 454 pyrosequencing, thus enabling throughout sequencing and larger number of samples to be analysed per study (e.g. given the current Miseq output, around 100 000 reads per sample can be expected for a pool of 96 libraries). Moreover, the Illumina technology is less biased by the GC content of the template and currently allows for a relatively long sequence read of 600 bp (2 x 300bp). This consideration is particularly important, since longer sequences permit for more accurate assignment to a taxonomic group. Here, we designed and optimized an Illumina–based 16S rRNA amplicon approach for a high throughput characterization of microbial communities from different AD. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 254 (5 UL)![]() ![]() Baudson, Tanja Gabriele ![]() Poster (2014) Detailed reference viewed: 45 (0 UL)![]() ; Sischka, Philipp ![]() ![]() Poster (2014) Die Methode der Onlinebefragung hat sich innerhalb des letzten Jahrzehnts als Befragungsroutine etabliert. Sie ist zumeist mit niedrigen Kosten verbunden und ermöglicht es innerhalb kürzester Zeit hohe ... [more ▼] Die Methode der Onlinebefragung hat sich innerhalb des letzten Jahrzehnts als Befragungsroutine etabliert. Sie ist zumeist mit niedrigen Kosten verbunden und ermöglicht es innerhalb kürzester Zeit hohe Fallzahlen zu erzielen sowie „fundierte“ Ergebnisse zu generieren. Dies führte einerseits zu einer Demokratisierung der Umfrageforschung, denn mithilfe der Onlinebefragung ist es nahezu jedem möglich ein Befragungsprojekt durchzuführen. Andererseits resultiert daraus aber auch, dass viele Befragungen von Laien durchgeführt werden, dadurch eine schlechte Qualität aufweisen und zahlreiche Operationalisierungsfehler enthalten (Jacob/Heinz/Décieux 2013; Schnell/Hill/Esser 2011). Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die Verwendung der Forced Response Option, deren Auswirkungen innerhalb dieses Forschungsprojektes untersucht werden. Theoretischer Hintergrund des Projektes Als Forced-Response wird allgemein die Möglichkeit bezeichnet den Respondenten einer Umfrage zur Beantwortung einer Frage zu verpflichten. Bei den meisten Programmpaketen zur Durchführung eines Onlinesurveys ist dies auf einfachste Art und Weise zu realisieren. Diese Praxis kommt zuweilen sehr häufig auch zur Anwendung, ohne dass sich die Fragesteller über eventuelle Folgen ihrer Wahl bewusst sind. In den Handbüchern der Programme (bspw. EFS Survey Manual 9.0) wird diese Option als eine Lösung angepriesen, die den Item Non Response verringert. In der Methodenliteratur gibt es jedoch zahlreiche Bedenken und Gegenstimmen für diese Vor-gehens¬weise (Kaczmirek 2005, Peytchev/Crawford 2005, Dillman/Smyth/Christian 2009, Schnell/ Hill/Esser 2011, Jacob/Heinz/Décieux 2013). Diese Bedenken speisen sich aus der Über¬legung, dass der Befragte plausible Gründe haben kann, um nicht zu antworten (der Befragte versteht die Frage nicht, die entsprechende Antwortkategorie fehlt, der Befragte will die Frage aus persönlichen Gründen bewusst nicht beantworten, usw.). Verpflichtet man den Befragten unter diesen Umständen eine Antwort zu geben, könnte dies möglicherweise dazu führen, dass die Befragung abgebrochen wird oder der Befragte eine willkürliche/inhaltsunabhängige Antwort gibt. Zusammenfassend lassen sich damit zwei zentrale Thesen aufstellen: 1. Forced-Response führt zu erhöhtem Unit Non Response. 2. Forced-Response führt zu weniger validen Antworten (Lügen oder Zufallsantwort). Allerdings gibt es bisher kaum empirische Untersuchungen, die diese Behauptungen belegen. Ziel des Projektes Über Split Ballot Experimente werden die genauen Folgen der Implementierung einer Forced-Response-Option empirisch abgebildet. Die Folgen sollen über die Analyse von Abbruchquoten und Antwortreaktionszeiten dargestellt werden. Die Feldphase des Online-Experiments endet Mitte Juli 2014, sodass wir dann in der Lage sind, aktuelle und bisher nicht veröffentlichte Ergebnisse auf dem Kongress zu präsentieren. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 204 (32 UL) |
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