Identität und Äquilibration. Von Metaphern und Goldwaagen bei Heinrich von Kleist

in Kleist-Jahrbuch (2000)

Using GPS and Gravity to Infer Ice Mass Changes in Greenland

in EOS (2000), 81(37), 421-427

Paris, 1er juillet 1999

in Juris-Classeur périodique (2000)

Contrôle de la procédure suivie par les arbitres.

Termination of IL-6-induced STAT activation is independent of receptor internalization but requires de novo protein synthesis

in FEBS Letters (2000), 470(1), 15-9

The interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor complex comprises the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R, gp80) and the signal transducer gp130. Binding of IL-6 to its receptor results in dimerization of gp130, activation of the Jak ... [more ▼]

The interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor complex comprises the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R, gp80) and the signal transducer gp130. Binding of IL-6 to its receptor results in dimerization of gp130, activation of the Jak/STAT pathway, and in a down-regulation of IL-6 binding sites by endocytosis. The STAT activation after stimulation is transient, being maximal after 15-30 min and disappearing after 60-90 min. The mechanism which leads to the termination of the signal is still unknown.In this paper we have studied whether the down-modulation of the STAT signal requires the endocytosis of the receptor complex. Our results suggest that the desensitization of the IL-6 signal is not due to internalization of the receptor complex but requires de novo protein synthesis. [less ▲]

Characterization of some aggregation functions stable for positive linear transformations

in Fuzzy Sets and Systems (1999), 102(2), 293-314

This paper deals with the characterization of some classes of aggregation functions often used in multicriteria decision making problems. The common properties involved in these characterizations are ... [more ▼]

This paper deals with the characterization of some classes of aggregation functions often used in multicriteria decision making problems. The common properties involved in these characterizations are "increasing monotonicity" and "stability for positive linear transformations". Additional algebraic properties related to associativity allow to completely specify the functions. [less ▲]

A characterization of the ordered weighted averaging functions based on the ordered bisymmetry property

in IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems (1999), 7(1), 93-96

This paper deals with a characterization of a class of aggregation operators. This class concerns operators which are symmetric, increasing, stable for the same positive linear transformations and present ... [more ▼]

This paper deals with a characterization of a class of aggregation operators. This class concerns operators which are symmetric, increasing, stable for the same positive linear transformations and present a property close to the bisymmetry property: the ordered bisymmetry property. It is proved that the class investigated contains exactly the ordered weighted averaging operators (OWA) introduced by Yager in 1988. [less ▲]

Identification of a Leu-lle internalization motif within the cytoplasmic domain of the leukaemia inhibitory factor receptor

in Biochemical Journal (1999), 339 (Pt 1)

Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signals via a heterodimeric receptor complex comprised of the LIF receptor (LIFR) and the interleukin (IL)-6 signal transducer gp130. Upon binding to its cognate receptor ... [more ▼]

Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signals via a heterodimeric receptor complex comprised of the LIF receptor (LIFR) and the interleukin (IL)-6 signal transducer gp130. Upon binding to its cognate receptor LIF is internalized. In this study, we show that the LIFR is endocytosed independently of gp130. By using a heterochimaeric receptor system we identified a dileucine-based internalization motif within the cytoplasmic domain of the LIFR. Our findings suggest that a heterodimeric LIFR/gp130 complex and homodimeric gp130/gp130 complex are endocytosed via distinct internalization signals. [less ▲]

Soziale Netze im Alter: Selektivität in der Netzwerkgestaltung, wahrgenommene Qualität der Sozialbeziehungen und Affekt.

in Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Padagogische Psychologie (1999), 31(3)

Network of Superconducting Gravimeters Benefits a Number of Disciplines

in EOS (1999), 80(11), 121-126

Small-angle neutron scattering by the magnetic microstructure of nanocrystalline ferromagnets near saturation

in Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (1999), 104(3), 261-275

The paper presents a theoretical analysis of elastic magnetic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) due to the nonuniform magnetic microstructure in nanocrystalline ferromagnets. The reaction of the ... [more ▼]

The paper presents a theoretical analysis of elastic magnetic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) due to the nonuniform magnetic microstructure in nanocrystalline ferromagnets. The reaction of the magnetization to the magnetocrystalline and magnetoelastic anisotropy fields is derived using the theory of micromagnetics. In the limit where the scattering volume is a single magnetic domain, and the magnetization is nearly aligned with the direction of the magnetic field, closed form solutions are given for the differential scattering cross-section as a function of the scattering vector and of the magnetic field. These expressions involve an anisotropy field scattering function, that depends only on the Fourier components of the anisotropy field microstructure, not on the applied field, and a micromagnetic response function for SANS, that can be computed from tabulated values of the materials parameters saturation magnetization and exchange stiffness constant or spin wave stiffness constant. Based on these results, it is suggested that the anisotropy field scattering function SH can be extracted from experimental SANS data. A sum rule for SH suggests measurement of the volumetric mean square anisotropy field. When magneto-crystalline anisotropy is dominant, then a mean grain size or the grain size distribution may be determined by analysis of SH. [less ▲]

Interleukin-6 and oncostatin M-induced growth inhibition of human A375 melanoma cells is STAT-dependent and involves upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27/Kip1

in Oncogene (1999), 18(25), 3742-53

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines lead to growth arrest of human A375 melanoma cells. The present study demonstrates that this effect depends on the activation of STAT transcription factors. We observed ... [more ▼]

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines lead to growth arrest of human A375 melanoma cells. The present study demonstrates that this effect depends on the activation of STAT transcription factors. We observed a correlation between the extent of growth inhibition exerted by IL-6, IL-6 plus soluble IL-6 receptor or oncostatin M (OSM) and the intensities of STAT3 and STAT1 signals. A truncated chimeric receptor retaining only the membrane-proximal region of gp130, the common signal transducer of IL-6-type cytokines, did neither activate STATs nor mediate growth arrest of stable transfectants. These functions were restored by the addition of short STAT recruitment modules comprising critical tyrosine residues from gp130 (Y767, Y814). A receptor carrying tyrosine module Y759 of gp130 effectively mediated activation of the phosphatase SHP-2 but did not alter cell growth. Overexpression of dominant negative forms of STAT3 but not STAT1 abrogated the inhibitory effect of OSM and IL-6 in A375 cells. In addition, we have identified the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27/Kipl as a novel target to be regulated by IL-6-type cytokines. Stimulation-dependent upregulation of p27 mRNA occurred STAT3-dependently. Also p27 protein accumulated which coincided with the disappearance of hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein in three human melanoma cell lines sensitive to IL-6-type cytokines. [less ▲]

Villin function in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Correlation of in vivo effects to its biochemical activities in vitro.

in The Journal of biological chemistry (1999), 274(38), 26751-60

Villin is an actin-binding protein of the intestinal brush border that bundles, nucleates, caps, and severs actin in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner in vitro. Villin induces the growth of microvilli in ... [more ▼]

Villin is an actin-binding protein of the intestinal brush border that bundles, nucleates, caps, and severs actin in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner in vitro. Villin induces the growth of microvilli in transfected cells, an activity that requires a carboxyl-terminally located KKEK motif. By combining cell transfection and biochemical assays, we show that the capacity of villin to induce growth of microvilli in cells correlates with its ability to bundle F-actin in vitro but not with its nucleating activity. In agreement with its importance for microfilament bundling in cells, the KKEK motif of the carboxyl-terminal F-actin-binding site is crucial for bundling in vitro. In addition, substitutions of basic residues in a second site, located in the amino-terminal portion of villin, impaired its activity in cells and reduced its binding to F-actin in the absence of Ca(2+) as well as its bundling and severing activities in vitro. Altogether, these findings suggest that villin participates in the organization and stabilization of the brush border core bundle but does not initiate its assembly by nucleation of actin filaments. [less ▲]

Robust Blind Second-Order Deconvolution

in IEEE Signal Processing Letters (1999), 6

Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung in der Themenselektion der "Zeitschrift für Päd­agogik

in Feministische Studien (1999), 17

Umweltschutz in Frankreich - eine Stille Revolution im Zeichen Europas?

in Geographische Rundschau (1999)

Heide von Felden, Die Frauen und Rousseau. Die Rousseau-Rezeption zeitge­nössi­scher Schriftstellerinnen in Deutschland

in Pädagogische Rundschau (1999), 53

Analysis of the parkin deletion in sporadic and familial Parkinson's disease. Short communication.

in Journal of Neural Transmission (1999), 106(2), 159-63

Recently a mutation in the parking gene has been identified as the cause for an autosomal-recessively inherited form of early onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). The disease causing minimal deletion has ... [more ▼]

Recently a mutation in the parking gene has been identified as the cause for an autosomal-recessively inherited form of early onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). The disease causing minimal deletion has been defined as a homozygous exon 4 loss in the parkin gene among Japanese patients. We investigated 140 sporadic and familial EOPD patients of German ancestry for the exon 4 deletion in the parkin gene. None of our patients exhibited a homozygous deletion of exon 4, suggesting a minor role of this mutation for EOPD in Caucasians. Nevertheless a detailed mutation analysis is warranted to explore the overall significance of mutations in the parkin gene in EOPD. [less ▲]

Optimierung der Wickelgüte in der Spinnvliesproduktion mit Fuzzy Control

in Automatisierungstechnische Praxis (1999), 41(6), 48-54

This work introduces a new control concept for a re-winder in the spunweb production. The rewinder serves to cut the spunweb-rolls into several rolls of customer-specified width. High customer demands ... [more ▼]

This work introduces a new control concept for a re-winder in the spunweb production. The rewinder serves to cut the spunweb-rolls into several rolls of customer-specified width. High customer demands toward roll quality were, so far, only met unsatisfactorily with PID control of the web-tension. The newly developed control concept uses fuzzy control. It provides a modular design and is specifically adjusted to the different states of the machine that occur during production. It was proven that this concept rapidly increases roll quality. The control concept is implemented on a PLC and used in industrial spunweb production at Freudenberg Vliesstoffe KG in Kaiserslautern. [less ▲]

Mutation in the betaA3/A1-crystallin encoding gene Cryba1 causes a dominant cataract in the mouse.

in Genomics (1999), 62(1), 67-73

During the mouse ENU mutagenesis screen, mice were tested for the occurrence of dominant cataracts. One particular mutant was discovered as a progressive opacity (Po). Heterozygotes show opacification of ... [more ▼]

During the mouse ENU mutagenesis screen, mice were tested for the occurrence of dominant cataracts. One particular mutant was discovered as a progressive opacity (Po). Heterozygotes show opacification of a superficial layer of the fetal nucleus, which progresses and finally forms a nuclear opacity. Since the homozygotes have already developed the total cataract at eye opening, the mode of inheritance is semidominant. Linkage analysis was performed using a set of genome-wide microsatellite markers. The mutation was mapped to chromosome 11 distal of the marker D11Mit242 (9.3 +/- 4.4 cM) and proximal to D11Mit36 (2.3 +/- 2.3 cM). This position makes the betaA3/A1-crystallin encoding gene Cryba1 an excellent candidate gene. Mouse Cryba1 was amplified from lens mRNA. Sequence analysis revealed a mutation of a T to an A at the second base of exon 6, leading to an exchange of Trp by Arg. Computer analysis predicts that the fourth Greek key motif of the affected betaA3/A1-crystallin will not be formed. Moreover, the mutation leads also to an additional splicing signal, to the skipping of the first 3 bp of exon 6, and finally to the deletion of the Trp residue. Both types of mRNA are present in the homozygous mutant lenses. The mutation will be referred to as Cryba1(po1). This particular mouse mutation provides an excellent animal model for a human congenital zonular cataract with suture opacities, which is caused by a mutation in the homologous gene. [less ▲]

Editorial

in Neue Pestalozzi-Blätter (1999), 5(1), 1-1

Kardiovaskuläre Reaktivität und die Entwicklung der essentiellen Hypertonie

in Verhaltensmodifikation und Verhaltensmedizin (1999), (20), 321-342

Psychophysiological experiments show large individual differences in physiological reactivity to mental stress. Hyperreactivity refers to the propensity for an individual to exhibit increased ... [more ▼]

Psychophysiological experiments show large individual differences in physiological reactivity to mental stress. Hyperreactivity refers to the propensity for an individual to exhibit increased cardiovascular activity during exposure to external stimuli when compared to controls. Essential hypertensives show cardiovascular hyperreactivity that is not reflected in electrodermal or respiratory activity. This result indicates that cardiovascular reactivity could be an important component in the development of essential hypertension. This article provides an overview of conceptual issues and empirical findings concerning the role of cardiovascular reactivity and the development of essential hypertension. [less ▲]

Asynchronous Near-Far Resistant DS-CDMA Receivers Without A Priori Synchronization

in IEEE Transactions on Communications (1999), 47(1), 7888

Rezension von: Erwin Schaaf unter Mitarbeit von Johannes Mötsch: Beiträge zur Geschichte des Kröver Reiches.

in Kurtrierisches Jahrbuch (1999), 39

Initial results on the molecular phylogeny of the Nudibranchia (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia) based on 18S rDNA data

in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (1999), 13(2), 215-226

This study investigated nudibranch phylogeny on the basis of 18S rDNA sequence data. 18S rDNA sequence data of 19 taxa representing the major living orders and families of the Nudibranchia were analyzed ... [more ▼]

This study investigated nudibranch phylogeny on the basis of 18S rDNA sequence data. 18S rDNA sequence data of 19 taxa representing the major living orders and families of the Nudibranchia were analyzed. Representatives of the Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Gymnomorpha, Prosobranchia, and Pulmonata were also sequenced and used as outgroups. An additional 28 gastropod sequences taken from GenBank were also included in our analyses. Phylogenetic analyses of these more than 50 gastropod taxa provide strong evidence for support of the monophyly of the Nudibranchia. The monophyly of the Doridoidea, Cladobranchia, and Aeolidoidea within the Nudibranchia are also strongly supported. Phylogenetic utility and information content of the 18S rDNA sequences for Nudibranchia, and Opisthobranchia in general, are examined using the program SplitsTree as well as phylogenetic reconstructions using distance and parsimony approaches. 0Results based on these molecular data are compared with hypotheses about nudibranch phylogeny inferred from morphological data. [less ▲]

19 GHz vertical Si p-channel MOSFET

in Electronics Letters (1999), 35(1999), 239-240

Vertical Si p-MOSFETs with channel lengths of 100nm were fabricated using selective low pressure chemical vapour deposition (LPCVD) epitaxial growth and conventional i-line lithography. The layout, called ... [more ▼]

Vertical Si p-MOSFETs with channel lengths of 100nm were fabricated using selective low pressure chemical vapour deposition (LPCVD) epitaxial growth and conventional i-line lithography. The layout, called VOXFET, reduces gate to source/drain overlap capacitances, thus improving high speed applications. Transistors with a gate width of 12 um and gate oxide thickness of 10nm show transconductances gM of 200mS/mm and measured cutoff frequencies of fT = 8.7GHz and fMAX = 19.2 GHz. [less ▲]

The EURODIAB Substudy 2 Study Group Vitamin D supplement in early childhood and risk for Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

in Diabetologia (1999), 42(1), 51-55

The initiation of the immunopathogenetic process that can lead to Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood probably occurs early in life. Studies in vitro have shown that vitamin D3 is ... [more ▼]

The initiation of the immunopathogenetic process that can lead to Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood probably occurs early in life. Studies in vitro have shown that vitamin D3 is immunosuppressive or immunomodulating and studies in experimental models of autoimmunity, including one for autoimmune diabetes, have shown vitamin D to be protective. Seven centres in Europe with access to population-based and validated case registers of insulin-dependent diabetes patients participated in a case-control study focusing on early exposures and risk of Type I diabetes. Altogether data from 820 patients and 2335 control subjects corresponding to 85% of eligible patients and 76% of eligible control subjects were analysed. Questions focused on perinatal events and early eating habits including vitamin D supplementation. The frequency of vitamin D supplementation in different countries varied from 47 to 97% among control subjects. Vitamin D supplementation was associated with a decreased risk of Type I diabetes without indication of heterogeneity. The Mantel-Haenszel combined odds ratio was 0.67 (95% confidence limits: 0.53, 0.86). Adjustment for the possible confounders: a low birth weight, a short duration of breast feeding, old maternal age and study centre in logistic regression analysis did not affect the significant protective effect of vitamin D. In conclusion, this large multicentre trial covering many different European settings consistently showed a protective effect of vitamin D supplementation in infancy. The findings indicate that activated vitamin D might contribute to immune modulation and thereby protect or arrest an ongoing immune process initiated in susceptible people by early environmental exposures. [less ▲]

Notochord-dependent expression of MFH1 and PAX1 cooperates to maintain the proliferation of sclerotome cells during the vertebral column development.

in Developmental Biology (1999), 210(1), 15-29

During axial skeleton development, the notochord is essential for the induction of the sclerotome and for the subsequent differentiation of cartilage forming the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs ... [more ▼]

During axial skeleton development, the notochord is essential for the induction of the sclerotome and for the subsequent differentiation of cartilage forming the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs. These functions are mainly mediated by the diffusible signaling molecule Sonic hedgehog. The products of the paired-box-containing Pax1 and the mesenchyme forkhead-1 (Mfh1) genes are expressed in the developing sclerotome and are essential for the normal development of the vertebral column. Here, we demonstrate that Mfh1 like Pax1 expression is dependent on Sonic hedgehog signals from the notochord, and Mfh1 and Pax1 act synergistically to generate the vertebral column. In Mfh1/Pax1 double mutants, dorsomedial structures of the vertebrae are missing, resulting in extreme spina bifida accompanied by subcutaneous myelomeningocoele, and the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs are missing. The morphological defects in Mfh1/Pax1 double mutants strongly correlate with the reduction of the mitotic rate of sclerotome cells. Thus, both the Mfh1 and the Pax1 gene products cooperate to mediate Sonic hedgehog-dependent proliferation of sclerotome cells. [less ▲]

Teeth. Where and how to make them.

in Trends in Genetics (1999), 15(2), 59-65

Organs have to develop at precisely determined sites to ensure functionality of the whole organism. Organogenesis is typically regulated by a series of interactions between morphologically distinct ... [more ▼]

Organs have to develop at precisely determined sites to ensure functionality of the whole organism. Organogenesis is typically regulated by a series of interactions between morphologically distinct tissues. The developing tooth of the mouse is an excellent model to study these processes and we are beginning to understand the networks regulating reciprocal tissue interactions at the molecular level. Synergistic and antagonistic effects of signaling molecules including FGFs and BMPs are recursively used to induce localized responses in the adjacent tissue layer (mesenchyme or epithelium). However, at different phases of odontogenesis these secreted growth factors have distinct effects and at the same time they are regulated by different upstream factors. The mesenchymal transcription factors Msx1 and Pax9 are initially regulated by epithelial FGFs and BMPs, but subsequently they function upstream of these signaling molecules. This cascade provides a molecular model by which reciprocal tissue interactions are controlled. [less ▲]

An Improved MUSIC Algorithm for Estimation of Time Delays in Asynchronous DS-CDMA Systems

in IEEE Transactions on Communications (1999), 47(11), 16281631

Bipolar ranking from pairwise fuzzy outrankings

in Belgian Journal of Operations Research, Statistics and Computer Science (1999), 37(4), 379-387

In this paper we propose to apply the concept of L-valued kernels to the problem of constructing a global ranking from a pairwise L-valued outranking relation defined on a set of decision alternatives as ... [more ▼]

In this paper we propose to apply the concept of L-valued kernels to the problem of constructing a global ranking from a pairwise L-valued outranking relation defined on a set of decision alternatives as encountered in the fuzzy preference modelling context. Our approach is based on a repetitive selection of best and worst candidates from sharpest L-valued or most credible initial and terminal kernels. A practical illustration will concern the global ranking of movies from individual evaluations of a given set of movie critics. [less ▲]

A kurtosis-based dynamic approach to Gaussian mixture modeling

in IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Part A, Systems and Humans (1999), 29(4), 393-399

We address the problem of probability density function estimation using a Gaussian mixture model updated with the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. To deal with the case of an unknown number of ... [more ▼]

We address the problem of probability density function estimation using a Gaussian mixture model updated with the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. To deal with the case of an unknown number of mixing kernels, we define a new measure for Gaussian mixtures, called total kurtosis, which is based on the weighted sample kurtoses of the kernels. This measure provides an indication of how well the Gaussian mixture fits the data. Then we propose a new dynamic algorithm for Gaussian mixture density estimation which monitors the total kurtosis at each step of the Ehl algorithm in order to decide dynamically on the correct number of kernels and possibly escape from local maxima. We show the potential of our technique in approximating unknown densities through a series of examples with several density estimation problems. [less ▲]

Der Strukturwandel von Warenwirtschaft und Logistik und seine Bedeutung für die Stadtentwicklung.

in Geographische Zeitschrift (1999), 87(3-4), 223-237

Radical intersubjectivity. Reflections on the "different" foundation of education.

in Studies in Philosophy & Education (1999), 18(4), 203-220

Le coût de la durée du procéès pour les parties

in Revue Internationale de Droit Economique (1999), 2

Effects of nicotine administered via a transdermal delivery system on vigilance: a repeated measure study.

in Psychopharmacology (1999), 142(1), 18-23

Fifteen 18- to 25-year-old male smokers were tested in a within-subjects design to determine the influence of a transdermal patch of 21 mg nicotine on vigilance. Subjects were tested on the RVIP test ... [more ▼]

Fifteen 18- to 25-year-old male smokers were tested in a within-subjects design to determine the influence of a transdermal patch of 21 mg nicotine on vigilance. Subjects were tested on the RVIP test (Rapid Visual Information Processing test) 1.30, 3.00 and 6.30 h after patch application, to verify the involvement of the dose of nicotine on the performance. This study confirms and extends the increasing effects of nicotine on vigilance previously found with orally and transdermally given nicotine. Moreover, it showed that such performance was independent of the time of nicotine absorption (1.30, 3.00 and 6.30 h after patch application), which suggests that a relatively low dose of nicotine suffices to activate vigilance processing. Regarding motor performance, no convincing effect of nicotine was observed on reaction time. [less ▲]

Spatio-temporal distribution of chondromodulin-I mRNA in the chicken embryo: expression during cartilage development and formation of the heart and eye.

in Developmental Dynamics : An Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists (1999), 216(3), 233-43

To define genes specifically expressed in cartilage and during chondrogenesis, we compared by differential display-polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) the mRNA populations of differentiated sternal ... [more ▼]

To define genes specifically expressed in cartilage and during chondrogenesis, we compared by differential display-polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) the mRNA populations of differentiated sternal chondrocytes from chicken embryos with mRNA species modulated in vitro by retinoic acid (RA). Chondrocyte-specific gene expression is downregulated by RA, and PCR-amplified cDNAs from both untreated and RA-modulated cells were differentially displayed. Amplification products only from RNA of untreated chondrocytes were further analyzed, and a cDNA-fragment of the chondromodulin-I (ChM-I) mRNA was isolated. After obtaining full length cDNA clones, we have analyzed the mRNA expression patterns at different developmental stages by RNase protection assay and in situ hybridization. Analysis of different tissues and cartilage from 17-day-old chicken embryos showed ChM-I mRNA only in chondrocytes. During somitogenesis of the chicken embryo, ChM-I transcripts were detected in the notochord, the floor and the roof plate of the neural tube, and in cartilage precursor tissues such as the sclerotomes of the somites, the developing limbs, the pharyngeal arches, the otic vesicle, and the sclera. ChM-I continued to be expressed in differentiated cartilages derived from these tissues and also in noncartilaginous domains of the developing heart and retina. Thus, in the chicken, the expression of ChM-I is not restricted to mature cartilage but is already present during early development in precartilaginous tissues as well as in heart and eye. [less ▲]

Editorial

in Neue Pestalozzi-Blätter (1999), 5(2), 1-1

Die Logik der kurzen Wege. Räumliche Mobilität und Verkehr als Gegenstand der Stadtforschung.

in Erdkunde (1999), 53(4), 317-329

Thomas Bürger: Aufklärung in Zürich. Die Verlagsbuchhandlung Orell, Gessner, Füssli & Comp. in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. Mit einer Bibliographie der Verlagswerke 1761-1798

in Neue Pestalozzi-Blätter (1999), 5(2), 31-33

Amerikanisierung des Raumes? Muster und Metapher spätindustrieller Stadt- und Raumentwicklung.

in Geographische Rundschau (1999), 51(10), 576-578

Nonlinear filtering with an infinite dimensional signal process

in Portugaliae Matematicae (1999), 56

In this paper, we investigate a nonlinear ¯ltering problem with correlated noises, bounded coe±cients and a signal process evolving in an in¯nite dimensional space. We derive the Kushner{Stratonovich and ... [more ▼]

In this paper, we investigate a nonlinear ¯ltering problem with correlated noises, bounded coe±cients and a signal process evolving in an in¯nite dimensional space. We derive the Kushner{Stratonovich and the Zakai equation for the associated ¯lter respectively unnormalized ¯lter. A robust form of the Zakai equation is established for an uncorrelated ¯ltering problem. [less ▲]

Coupling of insect antennae to field-effect transistors for biochemical sensing

in Electrochimica Acta (1999), 44(1999), 3821-3826

A bioelectronic interface based on the coupling of an intact insect antenna to a field-e effct transistor (FET) has been realised in a whole-beetle BioFET (Biologically sensitive FET) and an isolated ... [more ▼]

A bioelectronic interface based on the coupling of an intact insect antenna to a field-e effct transistor (FET) has been realised in a whole-beetle BioFET (Biologically sensitive FET) and an isolated-antenna BioFET configuration. The intrinsic BioFET characteristics, such as current-voltage curves, transconductance and signal-to-noise ratio clearly depend on the chip layout. Therefore, the experiments were performed with three di erent gate geometries: linear shape (5 um x 100 um), U shape (5 um x 1000 um) and meander shape (10 um x 6000 um). The BioFET allows the determination of the `green-leaf odour' Z-3-hexen-l-ol down to the low ppb concentration range. Thus, the detection of plant damages is possible with this novel kind of biosensor. [less ▲]

Zwischen Erneuerung und Anpassung : eine Einführung zu "Ein offenes Wort an die Wähler" von C.M. Spoo und Dr Michel Welter aus dem Jahre 1896

in Galerie. Revue culturelle et pédagogique (1999), (17/1), 7-15

Characterization and binding specificity of the monomeric STAT3-SH2 domain.

in Journal of Biological Chemistry (1999), 274(3), 1342-8

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are important mediators of cytokine signal transduction. STAT factors are recruited to phosphotyrosine-containing motifs of activated receptor ... [more ▼]

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are important mediators of cytokine signal transduction. STAT factors are recruited to phosphotyrosine-containing motifs of activated receptor chains via their SH2 domains. The subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of the STATs leads to their dissociation from the receptor, dimerization, and translocation to the nucleus. Here we describe the expression, purification, and refolding of the STAT3-SH2 domain. Proper folding of the isolated protein was proven by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. The STAT3-SH2 domain undergoes a conformational change upon dimerization. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay we demonstrate that the monomeric domain binds to specific phosphotyrosine peptides. The specificity of binding to phosphotyrosine peptides was assayed with the tyrosine motif encompassing Tyr705 of STAT3 and with all tyrosine motifs present in the cytoplasmic tail of the signal transducer gp130. [less ▲]

An infinite tower of genus 2 curves related to the Kowalewski top

in Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik (1999), 514

Analogues and homologues of N-palmitoylethanolamide, a putative endogenous CB(2) cannabinoid, as potential ligands for the cannabinoid receptors

in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (1999), 1440(2-3), 266-74

The presence of CB(2) receptors was reported in the rat basophilic cell line RBL-2H3 and N-palmitoylethanolamide was proposed as an endogenous, potent agonist of this receptor. We synthesized a series of ... [more ▼]

The presence of CB(2) receptors was reported in the rat basophilic cell line RBL-2H3 and N-palmitoylethanolamide was proposed as an endogenous, potent agonist of this receptor. We synthesized a series of 10 N-palmitoylethanolamide homologues and analogues, varying by the elongation of the fatty acid chain from caproyl to stearoyl and by the nature of the amide substituent, respectively, and evaluated the affinity of these compounds to cannabinoid receptors in the rat spleen, RBL-2H3 cells and CHO-CB(1) and CHO-CB(2) receptor-transfected cells. In rat spleen slices, CB(2) receptors were the predominant form of the cannabinoid receptors. No binding of [(3)H]SR141716A was observed. [(3)H]CP-55,940 binding was displaced by WIN 55,212-2 and anandamide. No displacement of [(3)H]CP-55,940 or [(3)H]WIN 55,212-2 by palmitoylethanolamide derivatives was observed in rat spleen slices. In RBL-2H3 cells, no binding of [(3)H]CP-55,940 or [(3)H]WIN 55,212-2 could be observed and conversely, no inhibitory activity of N-palmitoylethanolamide derivatives and analogues was measurable. These compounds do not recognize the human CB(1) and CB(2) receptors expressed in CHO cells. In conclusion, N-palmitoylethanolamide was, in our preparations, a weak ligand while its synthesized homologues or analogues were essentially inactive. Therefore, it seems unlikely that N-palmitoylethanolamide is an endogenous agonist of the CB(2) receptors but it may be a compound with potential therapeutic applications since it may act via other mechanisms than cannabinoid CB(1)-CB(2) receptor interactions. [less ▲]

Spatial Signature Estimation for Uniform Linear Arrays with Unknown Receiver Gains and Phases

in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing (1999), 47(8), 21282138

Grenzüberschreitende räumliche Mobilität als Infragestellung der sozialen Aufwärstmobilität - Überlegungen zur Entwicklung eines supranationalen Arbeitsmarktes in Luxemburg

in Cahiers du Centre Universitaire, série I.S.I.S (1999), 1997(3), 41-56

On the Influence of Nano-Scaling on the Glass Transition of Molecular Liquids

in Nanostructured Materials (1999), 12(1), 519-522

The nature of the glass transition is still a matter of debate. We used temperature modulated DSC (TMDSC) and Brillouin spectroscopy ( BS ) to investigate the freezing behaviour of canonical glasses ... [more ▼]

The nature of the glass transition is still a matter of debate. We used temperature modulated DSC (TMDSC) and Brillouin spectroscopy ( BS ) to investigate the freezing behaviour of canonical glasses ( salol and di-n-butyl-phtalate (DBP)) confined to controlled pore glasses (CPG) with pore diameters between 2.5 and 20 nm. The temperature behaviour of the heat capacity of the composite system deviates from the bulk fluid properties and we interpret the remaining kink-like anomaly at Tg as a static glass transition. In smaller pores Tg is only slightly shifted to lower temperatures. This operative Tg is in good agreement with sound velocity data showing a sharp kink at Tg. The working hypothesis of the existence of a static glass transition is supported by the fact that the -relaxation process disappears with decreasing pore diameter. [less ▲]

The dependence on the helical pitch of the antiferroelectric dielectric modes

in Ferroelectrics (1999), 244

In an attempt to determine the physical nature of the low-frequency dielectric mode in antiferroelectric liquid crystals, we have studied the dielectric response in thick planar-oriented samples of ... [more ▼]

In an attempt to determine the physical nature of the low-frequency dielectric mode in antiferroelectric liquid crystals, we have studied the dielectric response in thick planar-oriented samples of Smectic C/sub A/* compounds undergoing a helix inversion. If the mode is collective there ought to be a minimum in the dielectric absorption due to the mode, at the temperature at which the helical pitch diverges. Although the effect is not large, we find minima for both antiferroelectric modes at this point, indicating that both modes are related to the helical director structure. A corresponding experiment has also been performed on a binary mixture which shows a helix inversion for a certain mixing ratio. However, because the effect in this case is overshadowed by unavoidable variations in other parameters, no minimum was detected. [less ▲]