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See detailNon-normality, topological transitivity and expanding families
Meyrath, Thierry UL; Müller, Jürgen

in Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society (2022), 173(3), 511-523

We investigate the behaviour of families of meromorphic functions in the neighbourhood of points of non-normality and prove certain covering properties that complement Montel’s Theorem. In particular, we ... [more ▼]

We investigate the behaviour of families of meromorphic functions in the neighbourhood of points of non-normality and prove certain covering properties that complement Montel’s Theorem. In particular, we also obtain characterisations of non-normality in terms of such properties. [less ▲]

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See detailMachine learning and conventional statistics: making sense of the differences
Ley, Christophe UL; Martin, L. Kyle; Pareek, Ayoosh et al

in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (2022), 30

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See detailA Survey on Non-Geostationary Satellite Systems: The Communication Perspective
Al-Hraishawi, Hayder UL; Chougrani, Houcine UL; Kisseleff, Steven UL et al

in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials (2022)

The next phase of satellite technology is being characterized by a new evolution in non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellites, which conveys exciting new communication capabilities to provide non ... [more ▼]

The next phase of satellite technology is being characterized by a new evolution in non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellites, which conveys exciting new communication capabilities to provide non-terrestrial connectivity solutions and to support a wide range of digital technologies from various industries. NGSO communication systems are known for a number of key features such as lower propagation delay, smaller size, and lower signal losses in comparison to the conventional geostationary orbit (GSO) satellites, which can potentially enable latency-critical applications to be provided through satellites. NGSO promises a substantial boost in communication speed and energy efficiency, and thus, tackling the main inhibiting factors of commercializing GSO satellites for broader utilization. The promised improvements of NGSO systems have motivated this paper to provide a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art NGSO research focusing on the communication prospects, including physical layer and radio access technologies along with the networking aspects and the overall system features and architectures. Beyond this, there are still many NGSO deployment challenges to be addressed to ensure seamless integration not only with GSO systems but also with terrestrial networks. These unprecedented challenges are also discussed in this paper, including coexistence with GSO systems in terms of spectrum access and regulatory issues, satellite constellation and architecture designs, resource management problems, and user equipment requirements. Finally, we outline a set of innovative research directions and new opportunities for future NGSO research. [less ▲]

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See detailObserving many researchers using the same data and hypothesis reveals a hidden universe of uncertainty
Breznau, Nate; Rinke, Eike Mark; Wuttke, Alexander et al

in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2022), 119(44), 2203150119

This study explores how researchers’ analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens ... [more ▼]

This study explores how researchers’ analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens to emphasize the idiosyncrasy of conscious and unconscious decisions that researchers make during data analysis. We coordinated 161 researchers in 73 research teams and observed their research decisions as they used the same data to independently test the same prominent social science hypothesis: that greater immigration reduces support for social policies among the public. In this typical case of social science research, research teams reported both widely diverging numerical findings and substantive conclusions despite identical start conditions. Researchers’ expertise, prior beliefs, and expectations barely predict the wide variation in research outcomes. More than 95 % of the total variance in numerical results remains unexplained even after qualitative coding of all identifiable decisions in each team’s workflow. This reveals a universe of uncertainty that remains hidden when considering a single study in isolation. The idiosyncratic nature of how researchers’ results and conclusions varied is a previously underappreciated explanation for why many scientific hypotheses remain contested. These results call for greater epistemic humility and clarity in reporting scientific findings. [less ▲]

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See detailSolids on Soli: Millimetre-Wave Radar Sensing through Materials
Čopič Pucihar, Klen; Attygalle, Nuwan T.; Kljun, Matjaž et al

in Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (2022)

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See detailBerlin - From Castle in the Air to Creative Metropolis
Hertweck, Florian UL

in a + u ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM (2022), 11

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See detailReasoning on conflicting information: An empirical study of Formal Argumentation
Guillaume, Mathieu UL; Cramer, Marcos UL; van der Torre, Leon UL et al

in PLoS ONE (2022), 17(8 August),

According to the Argumentative Theory, human reasoning has an argumentative function, which consists of devising and evaluating arguments for and against various claims. It is however unclear how humans ... [more ▼]

According to the Argumentative Theory, human reasoning has an argumentative function, which consists of devising and evaluating arguments for and against various claims. It is however unclear how humans handle conflicting claims they face in everyday life (i.e., “Bob is telling me that Alice is at the library” vs. “Charles is telling me that Alice is at home”). We here investigate human argumentative reasoning in the light of Formal Argumentation, a research field that develops formal methods to give a normative account of argumentation and reasoning about conflicting information. In Formal Argumentation, multiple argumentation semantics that allow selecting sets of jointly acceptable arguments have been proposed. Nonetheless, it is unclear which of these semantics predicts best how humans evaluate the acceptability of conflicting arguments. We conducted an empirical study in which 130 young adults judged natural language arguments. We instructed them to draw the attack relation between the given arguments and to evaluate the acceptability of each of these arguments. Our results show that human judgments on the existence and directionality of attacks between the arguments conform to theoretical predictions from Formal Argumentation. We further found out that some less well-known argumentation semantics predicted human evaluation better than the most well-known semantics. These findings support the cognitive plausibility of variants of Formal Argumentation and bring new insights into reasoning about conflicting information. [less ▲]

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See detailNational Recovery and Resilience Plan: Luxembourg
Ratti, Luca UL

in Italian Labour Law e-Journal (2022)

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See detailKinetic and energetic insights into the dissipative non-equilibrium operation of an autonomous light-powered supramolecular pump
Corra, Stefano; Baki, Marina Tranfi; Groppi, Jessica et al

in Nature Nanotechnology (2022)

Natural and artificial autonomous molecular machines operate by constantly dissipating energy coming from an external source to maintain a non-equilibrium state. Quantitative thermodynamic ... [more ▼]

Natural and artificial autonomous molecular machines operate by constantly dissipating energy coming from an external source to maintain a non-equilibrium state. Quantitative thermodynamic characterization of these dissipative states is highly challenging as they exist only as long as energy is provided. Here we report on the detailed physicochemical characterization of the dissipative operation of a supramolecular pump. The pump transduces light energy into chemical energy by bringing self-assembly reactions to non-equilibrium steady states. The composition of the system under light irradiation was followed in real time by 1H NMR for four different irradiation intensities. The experimental composition and photon flow were then fed into a theoretical model describing the non-equilibrium dissipation and the energy storage at the steady state. We quantitatively probed the relationship between the light energy input and the deviation of the dissipative state from thermodynamic equilibrium in this artificial system. Our results provide a testing ground for newly developed theoretical models for photoactivated artificial molecular machines operating away from thermodynamic equilibrium. [less ▲]

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See detailPersonalised meta-path generation for heterogeneous graph neural networks
Zhong, Zhiqiang; Li, Cheng-Te; Pang, Jun UL

in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2022), 36(6), 2299-2333

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See detailBeyond the bubble: will NFTs and digital proof of ownership empower creative industry entrepreneurs
Chalmers, Dominic; Fisch, Christian UL; Matthews, Russell et al

in Journal of Business Venturing Insights (2022), 17

Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) are blockchain-enabled cryptographic assets that represent proof-of-ownership for digital objects. The use of NFTs has been pioneered by creative industry entrepreneurs who have ... [more ▼]

Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) are blockchain-enabled cryptographic assets that represent proof-of-ownership for digital objects. The use of NFTs has been pioneered by creative industry entrepreneurs who have sought to generate new revenue streams and modes of stakeholder engagement. Despite rapid growth in popularity, concerns have been raised around the legal ownership of NFT assets and the prevalence of speculation and fraud associated with NFT trading. In this rapid response article, we explore the value of NFTs for creative industry entrepreneurs. First, we examine the novel digital affordances of the technology; second, we analyse NFTs through the prism of the recent Initial Coin Offering (ICO) boom and bust; and finally, we take a longer-term historical perspective to consider how past speculative waves inform the present NFT economy. While we identify some potentially valuable artistic and financial opportunities for creative industry entrepreneurs, we conclude that NFTs should be approached with caution. [less ▲]

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See detailThe rise of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs): a first empirical glimpse
Bellavitis, Cristiano; Fisch, Christian UL; Momtaz, Paul

in Venture Capital (2022)

Blockchain technology and smart contracts are catalysts for decentralization and disintermediation. These new technologies reduce transaction costs, agency costs, and offer a basis for trustless social ... [more ▼]

Blockchain technology and smart contracts are catalysts for decentralization and disintermediation. These new technologies reduce transaction costs, agency costs, and offer a basis for trustless social and economic interactions. They are fueling new business models for decentralized platforms and have revolutionized crowdfunding. A recent trend, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), stands to fundamentally transform organizing and governance. DAOs are blockchain-native, decentralized organizations that are collectively owned and managed by their members via smart contracts. In this note, we assess the promises and challenges of DAOs, with a focus on decentralized governance and disintermediation, and offer a first empirical glimpse at the rise and functioning of DAOs. Overall, DAOs may introduce a new era in organizational economics, transforming the global corporate landscape from hierarchical organizations to democratic and distributed organizations powered by organizational entrepreneurship and innovations. [less ▲]

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See detail“COVIDwear” and Health Care Workers. How Has the New Materiality of Clothing Affected Care Practices?
Majerus, Benoît UL

in European Journal for Nursing History and Ethics (2022), (4),

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See detailDirect Probing of Gap States and Their Passivation in Halide Perovskites by High-Sensitivity, Variable Energy Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Igal, Levine; Kohei, Shimizu; Lomuscio, Alberto UL et al

in Journal of Physical Chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces (2022), 125

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See detailModel-based assessment of COVID-19 epidemic dynamics by wastewater analysis
Proverbio, Daniele UL; Kemp, Francoise UL; Magni, Stefano UL et al

in Science of the Total Environment (2022), 827

Continuous surveillance of COVID-19 diffusion remains crucial to control its diffusion and to anticipate infection waves. Detecting viral RNA load in wastewater samples has been suggested as an effective ... [more ▼]

Continuous surveillance of COVID-19 diffusion remains crucial to control its diffusion and to anticipate infection waves. Detecting viral RNA load in wastewater samples has been suggested as an effective approach for epidemic monitoring and the development of an effective warning system. However, its quantitative link to the epidemic status and the stages of outbreak is still elusive. Modelling is thus crucial to address these challenges. In this study, we present a novel mechanistic model-based approach to reconstruct the complete epidemic dynamics from SARS-CoV-2 viral load in wastewater. Our approach integrates noisy wastewater data and daily case numbers into a dynamical epidemiological model. As demonstrated for various regions and sampling protocols, it quantifies the case numbers, provides epidemic indicators and accurately infers future epidemic trends. Following its quantitative analysis, we also provide recommendations for wastewater data standards and for their use as warning indicators against new infection waves. In situations of reduced testing capacity, our modelling approach can enhance the surveillance of wastewater for early epidemic prediction and robust and cost-effective real-time monitoring of local COVID-19 dynamics. [less ▲]

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See detailUsing word vector models to trace conceptual change over time and space in historical newspapers, 1840–1914
Viola, Lorella UL; Verheul, Jaap; Salmi, Hannu et al

in Digital Humanities Quarterly (2022), 16(2),

Linking large digitized newspaper corpora in different languages that have become available in national and state libraries opens up new possibilities for the computational analysis of patterns of ... [more ▼]

Linking large digitized newspaper corpora in different languages that have become available in national and state libraries opens up new possibilities for the computational analysis of patterns of information flow across national and linguistic boundaries. The significant contribution this article presents is to demonstrate how word vector models can be used to explore the way concepts have shifted in meaning over time, as they migrated across space, by comparing newspapers from different countries published between 1840 and 1914. We define a concept, rather pragmatically, as a key term or core idea that has been used in historical discourse: an abstraction or mental representation that has served as a building block for thoughts and beliefs. We use historical newspapers in English, Finnish, German and Swedish from collections in the UK, US, Germany, and Finland, as well as the Europeana collection. As use cases, we analyze how the different conceptual constructs of “nation” and “illness” emerged and changed between 1840 and 1920. Conceptual change over time is simulated by creating a series of overlapping word vector models, each spanning ten years. Historical vocabularies are retrieved on the basis of vector space proximity. Conceptual change across space is simulated by comparing the historical change of vocabularies in newspaper collections from different nations in several languages. This computational approach to conceptual history opens up new ways to identify patterns in public discourse over longer periods of time and across borders. [less ▲]

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See detailDiscovering pesticides and their TPs in Luxembourg waters using open cheminformatics approaches
Krier, Jessy; Singh, Randolph R.; Kondic, Todor UL et al

in Environment International (2022), 158

The diversity of hundreds of thousands of potential organic pollutants and the lack of (publicly available) information about many of them is a huge challenge for environmental sciences, engineering, and ... [more ▼]

The diversity of hundreds of thousands of potential organic pollutants and the lack of (publicly available) information about many of them is a huge challenge for environmental sciences, engineering, and regulation. Suspect screening based on high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) has enormous potential to help characterize the presence of these chemicals in our environment, enabling the detection of known and newly emerging pollutants, as well as their potential transformation products (TPs). Here, suspect list creation (focusing on pesticides relevant for Luxembourg, incorporating data sources in 4 languages) was coupled to an automated retrieval of related TPs from PubChem based on high confidence suspect hits, to screen for pesticides and their TPs in Luxembourgish river samples. A computational workflow was established to combine LC-HRMS analysis and pre-screening of the suspects (including automated quality control steps), with spectral annotation to determine which pesticides and, in a second step, their related TPs may be present in the samples. The data analysis with Shinyscreen (https://gitlab.lcsb.uni.lu/eci/shinyscreen/), an open source software developed in house, coupled with custom-made scripts, revealed the presence of 162 potential pesticide masses and 96 potential TP masses in the samples. Further identification of these mass matches was performed using the open source approach MetFrag (https://msbi.ipb-halle.de/MetFrag/). Eventual target analysis of 36 suspects resulted in 31 pesticides and TPs confirmed at Level-1 (highest confidence), and five pesticides and TPs not confirmed due to different retention times. Spatio-temporal analysis of the results showed that TPs and pesticides followed similar trends, with a maximum number of potential detections in July. The highest detections were in the rivers Alzette and Mess and the lowest in the Sûre and Eisch. This study (a) added pesticides, classification information and related TPs into the open domain, (b) developed automated open source retrieval methods - both enhancing FAIRness (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability) of the data and methods; and (c) will directly support “L’Administration de la Gestion de l’Eau” on further monitoring steps in Luxembourg. [less ▲]

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See detailChannel Estimation for UAV Communication Systems Using Deep Neural Networks
Al-Gburi, Ahmed; Abdullah, Osamah; Sarhan, Akram et al

in Drones (2022)

Channel modeling of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from wireless communications has gained great interest for rapid deployment in wireless communication. The UAV channel has its own distinctive ... [more ▼]

Channel modeling of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from wireless communications has gained great interest for rapid deployment in wireless communication. The UAV channel has its own distinctive characteristics compared to satellite and cellular networks. Many proposed techniques consider and formulate the channel modeling of UAVs as a classification problem, where the key is to extract the discriminative features of the UAV wireless signal. For this issue, we propose a framework of multiple Gaussian–Bernoulli restricted Boltzmann machines (GBRBM) for dimension reduction and pre-training utilization incorporated with an autoencoder-based deep neural network. The developed system used UAV measurements of a town’s already existing commercial cellular network for training and validation. To evaluate the proposed approach, we run ray-tracing simulations in the program Remcom Wireless InSite at a distinct frequency of 28 GHz and used them for training and validation. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is accurate in channel acquisition for various UAV flying scenarios and outperforms the conventional DNNs. [less ▲]

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See detailFulfilling Nomos before the Law: On Thanos Zarthaloudis' The Birth of Nomos
Spindola Diniz, Ricardo UL; Solon, Ari

in Parrhesia: Critical Journal of Philosophy (2022), 35

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See detailDoes Green Public Procurement Trigger Environmental Innovations?
Krieger, Bastian UL; Vera, Zipperer

in Research Policy (2022)

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See detailKac-Rice formula for transverse intersections
Stecconi, Michele UL

in Analysis and Mathematical Physics (2022), 12

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See detailThe Effect of Noise Level on the Accuracy of Causal Discovery Methods with Additive Noise Models
Kap, Benjamin; Aleksandrova, Marharyta UL; Engel, Thomas UL

in Communications in Computer and Information Science (2022), 1530

In recent years a lot of research was conducted within the area of causal inference and causal learning. Many methods were developed to identify the cause-effect pairs. These methods also proved their ... [more ▼]

In recent years a lot of research was conducted within the area of causal inference and causal learning. Many methods were developed to identify the cause-effect pairs. These methods also proved their ability to successfully determine the direction of causal relationships from observational real-world data. Yet in bivariate situations, causal discovery problems remain challenging. A class of methods, that also allows tackling the bivariate case, is based on Additive Noise Models (ANMs). Unfortunately, one aspect of these methods has not received much attention until now: what is the impact of different noise levels on the ability of these methods to identify the direction of the causal relationship? This work aims to bridge this gap with the help of an empirical study. We consider a bivariate case and two specific methods Regression with Subsequent Independence Test and Identification using Conditional Variances. We perform a set of experiments with an exhaustive range of ANMs where the additive noises’ levels gradually change from 1% to 10000% of the causes’ noise level (the latter remains fixed). Additionally, we consider several different types of distributions as well as linear and non-linear ANMs. The results of the experiments show that these causal discovery methods can fail to capture the true causal direction for some levels of noise. [less ▲]

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See detailCoffee, smoking and aspirin are associated with age at onset in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
Gabbert, Carolin; König, Inke R.; Lüth, Theresa et al

in Journal of neurology (2022)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Genetic modifiers, environmental factors and gene-environment interactions have been found to modify PD risk and disease progression ... [more ▼]

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Genetic modifiers, environmental factors and gene-environment interactions have been found to modify PD risk and disease progression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of smoking, caffeine and anti-inflammatory drugs with age at onset (AAO) in a large PD cohort. A total of 35,963 American patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) from the Fox Insight Study responded to health and lifestyle questionnaires. We compared the median AAO between different groups using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. Non-parametric Spearman's correlation was used for correlation assessments and regression analysis was used to assess interaction between variables. We found that smoking (p < 0.0001), coffee drinking (p < 0.0001) and aspirin intake (p < 0.0001) show an exploratory association with AAO in PD, that was further supported by multivariate regression models. The association of aspirin with PD AAO was replicated in another cohort (EPIPARK) (n = 237 patients with PD). [less ▲]

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See detailCoverage Probability of STAR-RIS-Assisted Massive MIMO Systems With Correlation and Phase Errors
Papazafeiropoulos, Anastasios; Abdullah, Zaid UL; Kourtessis, Pandelis et al

in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters (2022)

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See detailHow different electricity pricing systems affect the energy trilemma: Assessing Indonesia's electricity market transition
Heffron, Raphael J.; Körner, Marc-Fabian; Sumarno, Theresia et al

in Energy Economics (2022), 107

Indonesia's current energy policy, which relies on cheap fossil fuels and focuses on two out of the three horns of the energy trilemma, namely, energy security and energy equity, may impede its efforts to ... [more ▼]

Indonesia's current energy policy, which relies on cheap fossil fuels and focuses on two out of the three horns of the energy trilemma, namely, energy security and energy equity, may impede its efforts to higher shares of renewable energy sources. This paper develops three generic models that allow policymakers to analyze the impact of introducing a wholesale electricity market managed under either a nodal, a zonal, or a uniform pricing system on the three horns of the energy trilemma. It evaluates the models using a simplified network representation of the Indonesian electricity sector. The results indicate that under the model assumptions made, and given the used input parameters as well as the used metrics for the three horns of the energy trilemma, a uniform pricing system might help Indonesia to balance its energy trilemma. [less ▲]

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See detailLes devises des chirographes échevinaux de Tournai et de Douai au XIIIe siècle: formes, usages et fonctions
Brunner, Thomas; Mineo, Emilie UL

in Archiv für Diplomatik, Schriftgeschichte, Siegel- und Wappenkunde (2022), 68

Longtemps négligés, les chirographes émis par les échevinages des villes des anciens Pays-Bas à partir du début du XIIIe siècle offrent de belles perspectives pour l’étude de la diplomatique urbaine. Ces ... [more ▼]

Longtemps négligés, les chirographes émis par les échevinages des villes des anciens Pays-Bas à partir du début du XIIIe siècle offrent de belles perspectives pour l’étude de la diplomatique urbaine. Ces actes étaient rédigés en plusieurs exemplaires séparés par une devise qui était coupée en son milieu au moment de la validation. Le présent article cherche à cerner, dans une perspective comparatiste, la nature et la fonction de la devise, encore peu étudiée, en s’appuyant sur 394 chirographes de Tournai et sur 1274 de Douai du XIIIe siècle. Dans les deux villes, on utilisait des chirographes superposés avec découpe rectiligne mais alors qu’à Douai la légende, constituée du mot «chirographe», tend à s’homogénéiser au fil du siècle, à Tournai, les mots ou les signes graphiques utilisés sont plus variés. Chaque scribe était libre de la réaliser à sa convenance. La devise n’entrait en fonction qu’au moment de la découpe durant la cérémonie de validation de l’acte en présence des échevins, qui conservaient un exemplaire tandis que l’autres était remise au bénéficiaire. Elle devait théoriquement servir à prouver l’authenticité du document en cas de litige. De fait, les sources évoquent rarement le rapprochement des expéditions et montrent que la devise est un moyen de sécurisation juridique subordonné au témoignage des échevins et que la portion d’acte sanctuarisée par sa conservation dans les archives municipales joue un rôle de «super-original» [less ▲]

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See detailCloud removal from satellite imagery using multispectral edge-filtered conditional generative adversarial networks
Hasan, Cengis; Horne, Ross James UL; Mauw, Sjouke UL et al

in International Journal of Remote Sensing (2022), 43(5), 1881-1893

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See detailA Cloud-Edge Continuum Experimental Methodology applied to a 5G Core Study
Rac, Samuel UL; Sanyal, Rajarshi; Brorsson, Mats Hakan UL

in Transactions on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (2022)

There is an increasing interest in extending traditional cloud-native technologies, such as Kubernetes, outside the data center to build a continuum towards the edge and between. However, traditional ... [more ▼]

There is an increasing interest in extending traditional cloud-native technologies, such as Kubernetes, outside the data center to build a continuum towards the edge and between. However, traditional resource orchestration algorithms do not work well in this case, and it is also difficult to test applications for a heterogeneous cloud infrastructure without actually building it. To address these challenges, we propose a new methodology to aid in deploying, testing, and analyzing the effects of microservice placement and scheduling in a heterogeneous Cloud environment. With this methodology, we can investigate any combination of deployment scenarios and monitor metrics in accordance with the placement of microservices in the cloud-edge continuum. Edge devices may be simulated, but as we use Kubernetes, any device which can be attached to a Kubernetes cluster could be used. In order to demonstrate our methodology, we have applied it to the problem of network function placement of an open-source 5G core implementation. [less ▲]

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See detailPrenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals is associated with altered DNA methylation in cord blood
Mattonet, Katharina; Nowack-Weyers, Nikola; Vogel, Vanessa et al

in Epigenetics (2022), 17(9), 935-952

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See detail‘As Efficient as a Factory’: Architectural and Managerial Discourses on Government Office Buildings in Belgium, 1919-39
van de Maele, Jens UL

in Architectural History (2022), 65

This article investigates the impact of managerial ideologies on projects for new governmental office buildings in Belgium in the 1920s and 1930s. Following the prewar publication of F. W. Taylor’s ... [more ▼]

This article investigates the impact of managerial ideologies on projects for new governmental office buildings in Belgium in the 1920s and 1930s. Following the prewar publication of F. W. Taylor’s ‘scientific management’ theories, the scientisation of office activities was propagated by efficiency experts throughout the western world. In Belgium, as in France, the work of the mining engineer Henri Fayol was particularly influential. According to Fayol, private and public bureaucracies had to follow identical managerial principles, notably that all employees were to observe one another as much as possible. These ideas of visibility overlapped with the emphasis on transparency and open planning coming from quite a different quarter, namely Le Corbusier, Hannes Meyer and other modernist architects in the 1920s and 1930s. Yet how Fayol’s ideal was to be realised without compromising the traditional need for privacy for high-ranking office workers remained unresolved. The article explores the ideas of two crucial expert groups — architects and managerial experts — over these issues as they developed in Belgium in the inter-war years. In the 1920s, the mining engineer Max-Léo Gérard called for ministerial buildings that facilitated ‘collaborative work’ and the information scientist Paul Otlet advocated an ideal type of government offices based on an architectural diagram that facilitated mutual observation. In the 1930s, the architect Stanislas Jasinski proposed remodelling the centre of Brussels as a series of office blocks, in a design copied from Le Corbusier’s cruciform skyscrapers in the Plan Voisin. Such ideas received official endorsement with the Royal Commissariat for Administrative Reform under Louis Camu, which proposed to strengthen the societal role of governmental bureaucracy by rehousing the civil service in an enormous office complex close to the parliament. Contrasting with the idealism of these unrealised plans was one of the few government projects actually built, the Ministry of Science and Arts headquarters designed in 1929 by the in-house architect Georges Hano. [less ▲]

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See detailGlobal networks of finance and information at the crossroads: correspondent banking and SWIFT
Robinson, Gary UL; Dörry, Sabine UL; Derudder, Ben

in Global Networks (2022)

This article explores how transaction information is a fundamental element enabling and fostering global flows of money. Financial systems, constructed around account-based money, require infrastructure ... [more ▼]

This article explores how transaction information is a fundamental element enabling and fostering global flows of money. Financial systems, constructed around account-based money, require infrastructure, which is separated into two parts: messaging and settlement, performed via trusted agents. This separation has allowed the geographical expansion of banking, and to this day constitutes a key architecture of increasingly global networks of money. Focusing on the correspondent banking system and the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication, this article demonstrates the workings of this infrastructure in cross-border payments and in enacting economic sanctions. This sociotechnical infrastructure is a crucial yet overlooked area of global banking, which makes global economic and financial activity possible in the first place. Importantly, by analysing the organizational architecture of the global payments system and including the actors and agencies within it, we elucidate the (changing) relationships between data/information, geographies and power, contributing to the formation of a literature that conceptualizes financial infrastructure. [less ▲]

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See detailExploring the soil: Not a sentimental journey
Peleman, David UL; Ronner, Elsbeth; Barcelloni-Corte, Martina et al

in OASE: Tijdschrift voor Architectuur (2022), (110), 4-15

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See detailCollaborative Cache-Aided Relaying Networks: Performance Evaluation and System Optimization
Tang, Shunpu; He, Ke UL; Chen, Lunyuan et al

in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas In Communications (2022)

This paper studies a multi-tier cache-aided relaying network, where the destination D is randomly located in the network and it requests files from the source S through the help of cache-aided base ... [more ▼]

This paper studies a multi-tier cache-aided relaying network, where the destination D is randomly located in the network and it requests files from the source S through the help of cache-aided base station (BS) and N relays. In this system, the multi-tier architecture imposes a significant impact on the system collaborative caching and file delivery, which brings a big challenge to the system performance evaluation and optimization. To address this problem, we first evaluate the system performance by deriving analytical outage probability expression, through fully taking into account the random location of the destination and different file delivery modes related to the file caching status. We then perform the asymptotic analysis on the system outage probability when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high, to enclose some important and meaningful insights on the network. We further optimize the caching strategies among the relays and BS, to improve the network outage probability. Simulations are performed to show the effectiveness of the derived analytical and asymptotic outage probability for the proposed caching strategy. In particular, the proposed caching is superior to the conventional caching strategies such as the most popular content (MPC) and equal probability caching (EPC) strategies. [less ▲]

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See detailBücherschau
Steveker, Lena UL; Gruss, Susanne

in Shakespeare Jahrbuch (2022)

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See detailLarge deviations theory for noisy nonlinear electronics: CMOS inverter as a case study
Gopal, Ashwin UL; Esposito, Massimiliano UL; Freitas, Nahuel

in Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (2022), 106(15), 155303

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See detailContactless radar-based breathing monitoring of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit
Tedgue Beltrao, Gabriel UL; Stutz, Regine; Hornberger, Franziska et al

in Scientific Reports (2022), 12(1), 1--15

Vital sign monitoring systems are essential in the care of hospitalized neonates. Due to the immaturity of their organs and immune system, premature infants require continuous monitoring of their vital ... [more ▼]

Vital sign monitoring systems are essential in the care of hospitalized neonates. Due to the immaturity of their organs and immune system, premature infants require continuous monitoring of their vital parameters and sensors need to be directly attached to their fragile skin. Besides mobility restrictions and stress, these sensors often cause skin irritation and may lead to pressure necrosis. In this work, we show that a contactless radar-based approach is viable for breathing monitoring in the Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). For the first time, different scenarios common to the NICU daily routine are investigated, and the challenges of monitoring in a real clinical setup are addressed through different contributions in the signal processing framework. Rather than just discarding measurements under strong interference, we present a novel random body movement mitigation technique based on the time-frequency decomposition of the recovered signal. In addition, we propose a simple and accurate frequency estimator which explores the harmonic structure of the breathing signal. As a result, the proposed radar-based solution is able to provide reliable breathing frequency estimation, which is close to the reference cabled device values most of the time. Our findings shed light on the strengths and limitations of this technology and lay the foundation for future studies toward a completely contactless solution for vital signs monitoring. [less ▲]

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See detailFostering preservice teachers’ expectancies and values towards computational thinking
Weber, Anke Maria UL; Bastian, Morten; Barkela, Veronika et al

in Frontiers in Psychology (2022), 13

Theory: Digital technologies have become an integral part of everyday life that children are exposed to. Therefore, it is important for children to acquire an understanding of these technologies early on ... [more ▼]

Theory: Digital technologies have become an integral part of everyday life that children are exposed to. Therefore, it is important for children to acquire an understanding of these technologies early on by teaching them computational thinking (CT) as a part of STEM. However, primary school teachers are often reluctant to teach CT. Expectancy-value theory suggests that motivational components play an important role in teaching and learning. Thus, one hindrance to teachers’ willingness to teach CT might be their low expectancies of success and high emotional costs, e.g., anxiety towards CT. Thus, introducing preservice teachers to CT during their university years might be a promising way to support their expectancies and values, while simultaneously alleviating their emotional costs. Prior CT competences might contribute to these outcomes. Aims: We investigated whether a specifically designed seminar on CT affected preservice teachers’ expectancies and values towards programming. Method: A total of 311 German primary school and special education preservice teachers took part in the study. The primary school preservice teachers received a seminar on CT and programming with low-threshold programming tasks, while the special education teachers served as a baseline group. The seminar was specifically designed to enhance expectancies and values and decrease emotional costs, following implications of research on expectancy-value theory. Results: The preservice teachers who visited the seminar gained higher expectancies and values towards CT and programming compared to the baseline group. Moreover, their emotional costs decreased. CT was positively related to change in expectancies and values and negatively related to emotional costs. Discussion: Interventions with low-threshold programming tasks can support primary school preservice teachers in finding trust in their abilities and values towards CT. Moreover, their anxiety towards CT and programming can be alleviated. Thus, first steps in preparing preservice teachers to teach CT in their future classrooms can be taken in university. [less ▲]

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See detailInterrogating the effect of enzyme kinetics on metabolism using differentiable constraint-based models
Wilken, St Elmo; Besançon, Mathieu; Kratochvil, Miroslav UL et al

in Metabolic Engineering (2022)

Metabolic models are typically characterized by a large number of parameters. Traditionally, metabolic control analysis is applied to differential equation-based models to investigate the sensitivity of ... [more ▼]

Metabolic models are typically characterized by a large number of parameters. Traditionally, metabolic control analysis is applied to differential equation-based models to investigate the sensitivity of predictions to parameters. A corresponding theory for constraint-based models is lacking, due to their formulation as optimization problems. Here, we show that optimal solutions of optimization problems can be efficiently differentiated using constrained optimization duality and implicit differentiation. We use this to calculate the sensitivities of predicted reaction fluxes and enzyme concentrations to turnover numbers in an enzyme-constrained metabolic model of Escherichia coli. The sensitivities quantitatively identify rate limiting enzymes and are mathematically precise, unlike current finite difference based approaches used for sensitivity analysis. Further, efficient differentiation of constraint-based models unlocks the ability to use gradient information for parameter estimation. We demonstrate this by improving, genome-wide, the state-of-the-art turnover number estimates for E. coli. Finally, we show that this technique can be generalized to arbitrarily complex models. By differentiating the optimal solution of a model incorporating both thermodynamic and kinetic rate equations, the effect of metabolite concentrations on biomass growth can be elucidated. We benchmark these metabolite sensitivities against a large experimental gene knockdown study, and find good alignment between the predicted sensitivities and in vivo metabolome changes. In sum, we demonstrate several applications of differentiating optimal solutions of constraint-based metabolic models, and show how it connects to classic metabolic control analysis. [less ▲]

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See detailDroit international privé de l'Union européenne (2021)
Kinsch, Patrick UL; d'Avout, Louis, et al.

in Journal du Droit International (2022)

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See detailEvolution of the murine gut resistome following broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment.
de Nies, Laura UL; Busi, Susheel Bhanu UL; Tsenkova, Mina UL et al

in Nature communications (2022), 13(1), 2296

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represent an ever-growing healthcare challenge worldwide. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and timescales shaping this resistome remain elusive ... [more ▼]

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represent an ever-growing healthcare challenge worldwide. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and timescales shaping this resistome remain elusive. Using an antibiotic cocktail administered to a murine model along with a longitudinal sampling strategy, we identify the mechanisms by which gut commensals acquire antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) after a single antibiotic course. While most of the resident bacterial populations are depleted due to the treatment, Akkermansia muciniphila and members of the Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae families acquire resistance and remain recalcitrant. We identify specific genes conferring resistance against the antibiotics in the corresponding metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and trace their origins within each genome. Here we show that, while mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including bacteriophages and plasmids, contribute to the spread of ARGs, integrons represent key factors mediating AMR in the antibiotic-treated mice. Our findings suggest that a single course of antibiotics alone may act as the selective sweep driving ARG acquisition and incidence in gut commensals over a single mammalian lifespan. [less ▲]

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See detailApplication of carotenoids in sustainable energy and green electronics
Singh, Ajay UL; Mukherjee, Trinetra

in Materials Advances (2022)

In sustainable development, one of the key factors is the usage of non-toxic and biodegradable natural substances for the development of green energy and technology. Photovoltaics and photoelectrochemical ... [more ▼]

In sustainable development, one of the key factors is the usage of non-toxic and biodegradable natural substances for the development of green energy and technology. Photovoltaics and photoelectrochemical cells are the most promising candidates for renewable solar energy harvesting. Currently, photovoltaics and electronic device technologies are dominated by inorganic semiconductors. Thus, there is a continuous pursuit for alternative eco-friendly semiconductors both for electronics industry and renewable energy technologies. Carotenoids are naturally found coloured pigments which are of semiconducting nature. In nature, they form an integral part of light-harvesting photosystems in photosynthetic organisms, and are also present in several non-photosynthetic organisms playing other functional roles. The structural diversity of carotenoids and their molecular nature make them ideal candidates for devices requiring photo-sensitization, and controlled electrical conduction. Here, we review the potential application of carotenoids, with their advantages, limitations and prospects for further improvement in solar cell technology, photoelectrochemical cells, semiconductor surface modification, and organic electronics in general. We emphasize on the carotenoid based renewable energy production by using carotenoid based dye-sensitized solar cells and water-splitting photoelectrochemical cells. Thereafter, we summarize some of the studies with carotenoid based nanowire, light-emitting diodes, transistors and light sensors. Though, the application of carotenoids in renewable and sustainable technologies are still in nascent stage, prospects are high for carotenoid based solar harvesting and electronic devices that are cheaper, eco-friendly, biodegradable and biocompatible. [less ▲]

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See detailStability of the tetragonal phase of BaZrO3 under high pressure
Toulouse, Constance UL; Amoroso, Danila; Oliva, Robert et al

in PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2022), 106(6), 064105-10

In this paper, we revisit the high pressure behavior of BaZrO3 by a combination of first-principle calculations, Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction under high pressure. We confirm experimentally the ... [more ▼]

In this paper, we revisit the high pressure behavior of BaZrO3 by a combination of first-principle calculations, Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction under high pressure. We confirm experimentally the cubic-to -tetragonal transition at 10 GPa and find no evidence for any other phase transition up to 45 GPa, the highest pressures investigated, at variance with past reports. We reinvestigate phase stability with density functional theory considering not only the known tetragonal (I4/mcm) phase but also other potential antiferrodistortive candidates. This shows that the tetragonal phase becomes progressively more stable upon increasing pressure as compared to phases with more complex tilt systems. The possibility for a second transition to another tilted phase at higher pressures, and in particular to the very common orthorhombic Pnma structure, is therefore ruled out. [less ▲]

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See detailHow to conduct a meta‑analysis in eight steps: a practical guide
Hansen, Christopher UL; Steinmetz, Holger; Block, Jörn

in Management Review Quarterly (2022), 72(1), 1-19

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See detailThe future of Parkinson’s disease research: A new paradigm of human-specific investigation is necessary… and possible
Cassotta, Manuela; Geerts, Hugo; Harbom, Lise et al

in ALTEX: Alternatives to Animal Experimentation (2022)

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See detailMitochondrial DNA as a marker for treatment-response in post-traumatic stress disorder.
Hummel, E. M.; Piovesan, K.; Berg, F. et al

in Psychoneuroendocrinology (2022), 148

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health condition thought to be mediated by a dysregulated stress response system. Stress, especially chronic stress, affects mitochondrial ... [more ▼]

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health condition thought to be mediated by a dysregulated stress response system. Stress, especially chronic stress, affects mitochondrial activity and their efficiency in duplicating their genomes. Human cells contain numerous mitochondria that harbor multiple copies of their own genome, which consist of a mixture of wild type and variant mtDNA - a condition known as mitochondrial heteroplasmy. Number of mitochondrial genomes in a cell and the degree of heteroplasmy may serve as an indicator of mitochondrial allostatic load. Changes in mtDNA copy number and the proportion of variant mtDNA may be related to mental disorders and symptom severity, suggesting an involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction also in PTSD. Therefore, we examined number and composition of mitochondrial DNA before and after six weeks of inpatient psychotherapy treatment in a cohort of 60 female PTSD patients. We extracted DNA from isolated monocytes before and after inpatient treatment and quantified cellular mtDNA using multiplex qPCR. We hypothesized that treatment would lead to changes in cellular mtDNA levels and that change in mtDNA level would be associated with PTSD symptom severity and treatment response. It could be shown that mtDNA copy number and the ratio of variant mtDNA decreased during therapy, however, this change did not correlate with treatment response. Our results suggest that inpatient treatment can reduce signs of mitochondrial allostatic load, which could have beneficial effects on mental health. The quantification of mtDNA and the determination of cellular heteroplasmy could represent valuable biomarkers for the molecular characterization of mental disorders in the future. [less ▲]

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See detailDefeasible Deontic Logic: Arguing about Permission and Obligation
Dong, Huimin; Liao, Beishui; Markovich, Réka UL et al

in IfCoLog Journal of Logics and Their Applications (2022), 9(4), 957-1018

Defeasible deontic logic uses techniques from non-monotonic logic to address various challenges in normative reasoning, such as prima facie permissions and obligations, moral dilemmas, deontic detachment ... [more ▼]

Defeasible deontic logic uses techniques from non-monotonic logic to address various challenges in normative reasoning, such as prima facie permissions and obligations, moral dilemmas, deontic detachment, contrary-to-duty reasoning and legal interpretation. In this article, we use formal argumentation to design defeasible deontic logics, based on two classical deontic logics. In particular, we use the ASPIC+ structured argumentation theory to define non-monotonic variants of well-understood monotonic modal logics. We illustrate the ASPIC+-based approach and the resulting defeasible deontic logics using argumentation about strong permission. [less ▲]

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See detail‘Finding My Own Way’: Mobilization of Cultural Capital through Migrant Organizations in Germany
Luft, Niklas; Wallmeyer, Paula; Barglowski, Karolina UL et al

in Social Sciences (2022), 11(12),

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See detailSequential On-Device Multitasking within Online Surveys: A Data Quality and Response Behavior Perspective
Decieux, Jean Philippe Pierre UL

in Sociological Methods and Research (2022)

The risk of multitasking is high in online surveys. However, knowledge on the effects of multitasking on answer quality is sparse and based on suboptimal approaches. Research reports inconclusive results ... [more ▼]

The risk of multitasking is high in online surveys. However, knowledge on the effects of multitasking on answer quality is sparse and based on suboptimal approaches. Research reports inconclusive results concerning the consequences of multitasking on task performance. However, studies suggest that especially sequential-multitasking activities are expected to be critical. Therefore, this study focusses on sequential-on-device-multitasking activities (SODM) and its consequences for data quality. Based on probability-based data, this study aims to reveal the prevalence of SODM based on the javascript function OnBlur, to reflect its determinants and to examine the consequences for data quality. Results show that SODM was detected for 25% of all respondents and that respondent attributes and the device used to answer the survey are related to SODM. Moreover, it becomes apparent that SODM is significantly correlated to data quality measures. Therefore, I propose SODM behavior as a new instrument for researching suboptimal response behavior. [less ▲]

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See detailpatRoon 2.0: Improved non-target analysis workflows including automated transformation product screening
Helmus, Rick; van de Velde, Bas; Brunner, Andrea M. et al

in Journal of Open Source Software (2022), 7(71), 4029

Non-target analysis (NTA) via chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is used to monitor and identify organic chemicals in the environment. Biotic and abiotic processes can ... [more ▼]

Non-target analysis (NTA) via chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is used to monitor and identify organic chemicals in the environment. Biotic and abiotic processes can transform original chemicals (parents) into transformation products (TPs). These TPs can be of equal or more concern than their parent compounds and are therefore critical to monitor and identify in the environment (Escher & Fenner, 2011; Farré et al., 2008), often with NTA. Given the amount of data generated by NTA, advanced automated data processing workflows are essential. The open-source, R-based (R Core Team, 2021) platform patRoon (Helmus, ter Laak, et al., 2021) offers automated, straightforward, flexible and comprehensive NTA workflows. This article describes improvements introduced in patRoon 2.0, including extensive TP screening and simultaneous processing of positive and negative HRMS data. The updated documentation and code are available via https://rickhelmus.github.io/patRoon and archived in Helmus, Velde, et al. (2021). [less ▲]

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See detailArtificial intelligence and machine learning: an introduction for orthopaedic surgeons
Martin, R. Kyle; Ley, Christophe UL; Pareek, Ayoosh et al

in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (2022), 30

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See detailIntroduction
Steveker, Lena UL; Frenk, Joachim

in Journal for the Study of British Cultures (2022), 29(1), 7-18

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See detailRevealing Dynamic Relations Between Mathematics Self-Concept and Perceived Achievement From Lesson to Lesson: An Experience-Sampling Study
Niepel, Christoph UL; Marsh, Herbert W.; Guo, Jiesi et al

in Journal of Educational Psychology (2022), 114(6), 1380-1393

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See detailUser Scheduling and Power Allocation for Precoded Multi-Beam High Throughput Satellite Systems With Individual Quality of Service Constraints
Chien, Trinh-Van; Lagunas, Eva UL; Ta, Tung Hai et al

in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (2022)

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See detailMigrant organizations: Multifunctional and flexible providers of social protection and welfare in changing societies
Barglowski, Karolina UL; Petermann, Sören; Schlee, Thorsten

in Social Sciences (2022)

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See detailWhen Bad News Become Good News Towards Usable Instances of Learning with Physical Errors
Bellizia, Davide; Hoffmann, Clément; Kamel, Dina et al

in IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems (2022), 2022(4), 1--24

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See detailFree-energy transduction in chemical reaction networks: From enzymes to metabolism
Wachtel, Artur; Rao, Riccardo; Esposito, Massimiliano UL

in J. Chem. Phys. (2022), 157(2), 024109

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See detailFinite-Time Dynamical Phase Transition in Nonequilibrium Relaxation
Meibohm, Jan Nicolas UL; Esposito, Massimiliano UL

in Physical Review Letters (2022), 128(11), 110603

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See detailDoes blockchain technology democratize entrepreneurial finance? An empirical comparison of ICOs, venture capital, and REITs
Fisch, Christian UL; Meoli, Michele; Vismara, Silvio

in Economics of Innovation and New Technology (2022), 31(1–2), 7089

Initial coin offerings (ICOs) are one of the major innovations that characterize the digital revolution of financial markets. Among the expectations created by the digital revolution is the ... [more ▼]

Initial coin offerings (ICOs) are one of the major innovations that characterize the digital revolution of financial markets. Among the expectations created by the digital revolution is the democratization of entrepreneurial finance, defined in terms of the creation of more equality regarding the access to financial resources by categories known to be underrepresented among potential entrepreneurs. Following this line of research, we investigate, through two complementary empirical studies, whether gender, ethnicity, and geography affect the choice of ICOs vs. traditional financing alternatives. Additionally, we assess whether these characteristics increase the amount of money an entrepreneur can raise. In Study I, we compare 390 ICO ventures to a sample of 1,078 VC-backed blockchain ventures, identifying a negative correlation between the choice of an ICO (vs. VC-backing) and a location in an urban area. In Study II, we compare 160 ICO ventures to 163 real estate investment trusts (REITs), reaffirming the results of Study I. The findings show significant participation and likelihood of successful campaigns for ethnical minorities in ICOs, with the latter also being able to collect, ceteris paribus, larger amounts of funding. In contrast, female entrepreneurs do not have higher chances to participate nor raise funds in ICOs. [less ▲]

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See detailBody-First Subtype of Parkinson's Disease with Probable REM-Sleep Behavior Disorder Is Associated with Non-Motor Dominant Phenotype
Pavelka, Lukas; Rauschenberger, Armin UL; Landoulsi, Zied UL et al

in Journal of Parkinson's Disease (2022)

Background: The hypothesis of body-first vs. brain-first subtype of PD has been proposed with REM-Sleep behavior disorder (RBD) defining the former. The body-first PD presumes an involvement of the ... [more ▼]

Background: The hypothesis of body-first vs. brain-first subtype of PD has been proposed with REM-Sleep behavior disorder (RBD) defining the former. The body-first PD presumes an involvement of the brainstem in the pathogenic process with higher burden of autonomic dysfunction. Objective: To identify distinctive clinical subtypes of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (iPD) in line with the formerly proposed concept of body-first vs. brain-first subtypes in PD, we analyzed the presence of probable RBD (pRBD), sex, and the APOE ɛ4 carrier status as potential sub-group stratifiers. Methods: A total of 400 iPD patients were included in the cross-sectional analysis from the baseline dataset with a completed RBD Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ) for classifying as pRBD by using the cut-off RBDSQ≥6. Multiple regression models were applied to explore (i) the effect of pRBD on clinical outcomes adjusted for disease duration and age, (ii) the effect of sex on pRBD, and (iii) the association of APOE ɛ4 and pRBD. Results: iPD-pRBD was significantly associated with autonomic dysfunction (SCOPA-AUT), level of depressive symptoms (BDI-I), MDS-UPDRS I, hallucinations, and constipation, whereas significantly negatively associated with quality of life (PDQ-39) and sleep (PDSS). No significant association between sex and pRBD or APOE ɛ4 and pRBD in iPD was found nor did we determine a significant effect of APOE ɛ4 on the PD phenotype. Conclusion: We identified an RBD-specific PD endophenotype, characterized by predominant autonomic dysfunction, hallucinations, and depression, corroborating the concept of a distinctive body-first subtype of PD. We did not observe a significant association between APOE ɛ4 and pRBD suggesting both factors having an independent effect on cognitive decline in iPD. [less ▲]

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See detailWhat Do They Want from a Career? University Students’ Future Career Expectations and Resources in a Health Crisis Context
Pignault, Anne; Vayre, Emilie; Houssemand, Claude UL

in Sustainability (2022), 14(24),

Young people and students, in particular, have often been presented as being particularly affected by the health crisis and its various psychological, social, and economic consequences. In this context ... [more ▼]

Young people and students, in particular, have often been presented as being particularly affected by the health crisis and its various psychological, social, and economic consequences. In this context, the present study sought to better understand the links between the anxiety generated by this crisis regarding one’s professional future, the resources available, and future career expectations. A total of 585 higher education students participated in the study during the third lockdown in France and completed a questionnaire that focused on anxiety and apprehension about the future, psychological and adaptative resources, and preferences for dimensions of new careers (kaleidoscopic, sustainable, protean, boundaryless, and opportunistic). The results show, on the one hand, significant links between anxiety, optimism, hope, career adaptability and preferences expressed for dimensions of new careers; on the other hand, dimensions that are more preferred than others. Finally, these results will be discussed in relation to the correlations already highlighted in the literature between individuals and career expectations, and to the more global reflection on the future of work. Possible avenues in the field of career counselling will be proposed. [less ▲]

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See detailQuantum collisional thermostats
Tabanera, Jorge; Luque, In Ifmmode Acutee Elseé Fis; Jacob, Samuel L. et al

in New J. Phys. (2022), 24(2), 023018

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See detailIntroduction
Mourlon-Druol, Emmanuel; Clavert, Frédéric UL

in Politique Européenne (2022), 2022(2), 6-11

Le vingtième siècle européen a été caractérisé par des visions concurrentes et/ou conflictuelles de l'organisation du continent. Cette introduction générale explique pourquoi les éditeurs ont décidé de se ... [more ▼]

Le vingtième siècle européen a été caractérisé par des visions concurrentes et/ou conflictuelles de l'organisation du continent. Cette introduction générale explique pourquoi les éditeurs ont décidé de se concentrer sur la période de la guerre froide, présente brièvement le contexte historique plus large et clarifie enfin l'utilisation du mot "asymétrie". [less ▲]

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See detailAge at onset as stratifier in idiopathic Parkinson's disease - effect of ageing and polygenic risk score on clinical phenotypes
Pavelka, Lukas; Rauschenberger, Armin UL; Landoulsi, Zied UL et al

in NPJ Parkinson's Disease (2022), 9(8), 102

Several phenotypic differences observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have been linked to age at onset (AAO). We endeavoured to find out whether these differences are due to the ageing process ... [more ▼]

Several phenotypic differences observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have been linked to age at onset (AAO). We endeavoured to find out whether these differences are due to the ageing process itself by using a combined dataset of idiopathic PD (n = 430) and healthy controls (HC; n = 556) excluding carriers of known PD-linked genetic mutations in both groups. We found several significant effects of AAO on motor and non-motor symptoms in PD, but when comparing the effects of age on these symptoms with HC (using age at assessment, AAA), only positive associations of AAA with burden of motor symptoms and cognitive impairment were significantly different between PD vs HC. Furthermore, we explored a potential effect of polygenic risk score (PRS) on clinical phenotype and identified a significant inverse correlation of AAO and PRS in PD. No significant association between PRS and severity of clinical symptoms was found. We conclude that the observed non-motor phenotypic differences in PD based on AAO are largely driven by the ageing process itself and not by a specific profile of neurodegeneration linked to AAO in the idiopathic PD patients. [less ▲]

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See detailThe story of a bank through the architecture of its headquarters
Duval, Cécile UL; Gabellini, Marco UL; Mouton, Victoria UL

in Bulletin - Finance and Photography (2022), 2

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See detailDetection of Spoofing Attacks in Aeronautical Ad-Hoc Networks Using Deep Autoencoders
Hoang, Tiep M.; Van Chien, Trinh; Van Luong, Thien et al

in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (2022), 17

We consider an aeronautical ad-hoc network relying on aeroplanes operating in the presence of a spoofer. The aggregated signal received by the terrestrial base station is considered as “clean” or “normal” ... [more ▼]

We consider an aeronautical ad-hoc network relying on aeroplanes operating in the presence of a spoofer. The aggregated signal received by the terrestrial base station is considered as “clean” or “normal”, if the legitimate aeroplanes transmit their signals and there is no spoofing attack. By contrast, the received signal is considered as “spurious” or “abnormal” in the face of a spoofing signal. An autoencoder (AE) is trained to learn the characteristics/features from a training dataset, which contains only normal samples associated with no spoofing attacks. The AE takes original samples as its input samples and reconstructs them at its output. Based on the trained AE, we define the detection thresholds of our spoofing discovery algorithm. To be more specific, contrasting the output of the AE against its input will provide us with a measure of geometric waveform similarity/dissimilarity in terms of the peaks of curves. To quantify the similarity between unknown testing samples and the given training samples (including normal samples), we first propose a so-called deviation-based algorithm . Furthermore, we estimate the angle of arrival (AoA) from each legitimate aeroplane and propose a so-called AoA-based algorithm . Then based on a sophisticated amalgamation of these two algorithms, we form our final detection algorithm for distinguishing the spurious abnormal samples from normal samples under a strict testing condition. In conclusion, our numerical results show that the AE improves the trade-off between the correct spoofing detection rate and the false alarm rate as long as the detection thresholds are carefully selected. [less ▲]

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See detailFamiliar Properties and Phenomenal Properties
Raleigh, Thomas UL

in Analytic Philosophy (2022)

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See detailEuler continuants in noncommutative quasi-Poisson geometry
Fernandez Alvarez, David UL; Fairon, Maxime

in Forum of Mathematics, Sigma (2022), 10

It was established by Boalch that Euler continuants arise as Lie group valued moment maps for a class of wild character varieties described as moduli spaces of points on P1 by Sibuya. Furthermore, Boalch ... [more ▼]

It was established by Boalch that Euler continuants arise as Lie group valued moment maps for a class of wild character varieties described as moduli spaces of points on P1 by Sibuya. Furthermore, Boalch noticed that these varieties are multiplicative analogues of certain Nakajima quiver varieties originally introduced by Calabi, which are attached to the quiver Γn on two vertices and n equioriented arrows. In this article, we go a step further by unveiling that the Sibuya varieties can be understood using noncommutative quasi-Poisson geometry modelled on the quiver Γn . We prove that the Poisson structure carried by these varieties is induced, via the Kontsevich–Rosenberg principle, by an explicit Hamiltonian double quasi-Poisson algebra defined at the level of the quiver Γn such that its noncommutative multiplicative moment map is given in terms of Euler continuants. This result generalises the Hamiltonian double quasi-Poisson algebra associated with the quiver Γ1 by Van den Bergh. Moreover, using the method of fusion, we prove that the Hamiltonian double quasi-Poisson algebra attached to Γn admits a factorisation in terms of n copies of the algebra attached to Γ1 [less ▲]

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See detailA dichotomy for integral group rings via higher modular groups as amalgamated products
Bächle, Andreas; Janssens, Geoffrey; Jespers, Eric et al

in J. Algebra (2022), 604

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See detailBruceine D Identified as a Drug Candidate against Breast Cancer by a Novel Drug Selection Pipeline and Cell Viability Assay.
Cipriani, Claudia; Pires Pacheco, Maria Irene UL; Kishk, Ali UL et al

in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) (2022), 15(2),

The multi-target effects of natural products allow us to fight complex diseases like cancer on multiple fronts. Unlike docking techniques, network-based approaches such as genome-scale metabolic modelling ... [more ▼]

The multi-target effects of natural products allow us to fight complex diseases like cancer on multiple fronts. Unlike docking techniques, network-based approaches such as genome-scale metabolic modelling can capture multi-target effects. However, the incompleteness of natural product target information reduces the prediction accuracy of in silico gene knockout strategies. Here, we present a drug selection workflow based on context-specific genome-scale metabolic models, built from the expression data of cancer cells treated with natural products, to predict cell viability. The workflow comprises four steps: first, in silico single-drug and drug combination predictions; second, the assessment of the effects of natural products on cancer metabolism via the computation of a dissimilarity score between the treated and control models; third, the identification of natural products with similar effects to the approved drugs; and fourth, the identification of drugs with the predicted effects in pathways of interest, such as the androgen and estrogen pathway. Out of the initial 101 natural products, nine candidates were tested in a 2D cell viability assay. Bruceine D, emodin, and scutellarein showed a dose-dependent inhibition of MCF-7 and Hs 578T cell proliferation with IC(50) values between 0.7 to 65 μM, depending on the drug and cell line. Bruceine D, extracted from Brucea javanica seeds, showed the highest potency. [less ▲]

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See detailQuantum scattering as a work source
Jacob, Samuel L.; Esposito, Massimiliano UL; Parrondo, Juan M. R. et al

in Quantum (2022), 6

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See detailNormative Change: An AGM Approach
Maranhão, Juliano; Casini, Giovanni; Pigozzi, Gabriella et al

in IfCoLog Journal of Logics and Their Applications (2022), 9(4), 787-852

Studying normative change has practical and theoretical interests. Changing legal rules poses interpretation problems to determine the content of legal rules. The question of interpretation is tightly ... [more ▼]

Studying normative change has practical and theoretical interests. Changing legal rules poses interpretation problems to determine the content of legal rules. The question of interpretation is tightly linked to those of determining the validity and the ability to produce effects of legal rules. Different formal models of normative change seem better suited to capture these dimensions: the dimension of validity appears to be better captured by the AGM approach, whereas syntactic methods are better suited to model how rules’ effects are blocked or enabled. Historically, the AGM approach of belief revision (on which we focus in this chapter) was the first formal model of normative change. We provide a survey on the AGM approach along with the main criticisms made to it. We then turn to a formal analysis of normative change that combines AGM theory and input/output logic, allowing for a clear distinction between norms and obligations. Our approach addresses some of the difficulties of normative change, like the combination of constitutive and regulative rules (and the normative conflicts that may arise from such a combination), the revision and contraction of normative systems, as well as the contraction of normative systems that combine sets of constitutive and regulative rules. We end our chapter by highlighting and discussing some challenges and open problems of normative change in the AGM approach. [less ▲]

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See detailExplaining the Decline in the US Labor Share: Taxation and Automation
Heer, Burkhard; Süssmuth, Bernd; Irmen, Andreas UL

in Interenational Tax and Public Finance (2022)

This study provides evidence for the USA that the secular decline in the labor share is not only explained by technical change or globalization, but also by the dynamics of factor taxation, automation ... [more ▼]

This study provides evidence for the USA that the secular decline in the labor share is not only explained by technical change or globalization, but also by the dynamics of factor taxation, automation capital (robots), and population growth. First, we empirically find indications of co-integration for the period from the last quarter of the 20th to the first decade of the twenty-first century. Permanent effects on factor shares emanate from relative factor taxation. The latter also have a lasting effect on the use of robots. Variance decompositions reveal that taxing contributes to changes in the two income shares and in automation capital. Second, we analyze and calibrate a neoclassical growth model extended to include factor taxation, automation capital, and capital adjustment costs. Labor and automation capital are perfect substitutes, whereas labor and traditional capital are complements. The model replicates the dynamics of the observed functional income distribution in the USA during the 1965–2015 period. Counterfactual experiments suggest that the fall in the labor share would have been significantly smaller if labor and capital income tax rates had remained at their respective level of the 1960s. [less ▲]

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See detailIdentifying the psychological processes delineating non-harmful from problematic binge-watching: a machine learning analytical approach
Flayelle, Maèva; Elhai, J.D.; Maurage, Pierre et al

in Telematics and Informatics (2022), 74

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See detailTax competition and phantom FDI
Zanaj, Skerdilajda UL

in Journal of Public Economic Theory (2022)

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See detailOne planet: one health. A call to support the initiative on a global science–policy body on chemicals and waste
Brack, Werner; Barcelo Culleres, Damia; Boxall, Alistair B. A. et al

in Environmental Sciences Europe (2022), 34(1), 21

Abstract The chemical pollution crisis severely threatens human and environmental health globally. To tackle this challenge the establishment of an overarching international science–policy body has ... [more ▼]

Abstract The chemical pollution crisis severely threatens human and environmental health globally. To tackle this challenge the establishment of an overarching international science–policy body has recently been suggested. We strongly support this initiative based on the awareness that humanity has already likely left the safe operating space within planetary boundaries for novel entities including chemical pollution. Immediate action is essential and needs to be informed by sound scientific knowledge and data compiled and critically evaluated by an overarching science–policy interface body. Major challenges for such a body are (i) to foster global knowledge production on exposure, impacts and governance going beyond data-rich regions (e.g., Europe and North America), (ii) to cover the entirety of hazardous chemicals, mixtures and wastes, (iii) to follow a one-health perspective considering the risks posed by chemicals and waste on ecosystem and human health, and (iv) to strive for solution-oriented assessments based on systems thinking. Based on multiple evidence on urgent action on a global scale, we call scientists and practitioners to mobilize their scientific networks and to intensify science–policy interaction with national governments to support the negotiations on the establishment of an intergovernmental body based on scientific knowledge explaining the anticipated benefit for human and environmental health. [less ▲]

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See detailThe Corona Pandemic and Its Implications for the Mental Health and Mental Healthcare of Older Adults
Albert, Isabelle UL; Kornadt, Anna Elena UL

in GeroPsych: Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry (2022), 35(1),

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See detailLe formalisme de la procédure de cassation luxembourgeoise en question
Cuniberti, Gilles UL

in Revue des procédures (2022)

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See detailWhat Will the Future ofUAV Cellular Communications Be?A Flight from 5G to 6G
Geraci, Giovanni; Garcia-Rodriguez, Adrian; Azari, M. Mahdi et al

in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials (2022), 24(3), 1304-1335

What will the future of UAV cellular communicationsbe?In this tutorial article, we address such a compelling yetdifficult question by embarking on a journey from 5G to 6Gand expounding a large number of ... [more ▼]

What will the future of UAV cellular communicationsbe?In this tutorial article, we address such a compelling yetdifficult question by embarking on a journey from 5G to 6Gand expounding a large number of case studies supported byoriginal results. We start by overviewing the status quo on UAVcommunications from an industrial standpoint, providing freshupdates from the 3GPP and detailing new 5G NR features insupport of aerial devices. We then dissect the potential andthe limitations of such features. In particular, we demonstratehow sub-6 GHz massive MIMO can successfully tackle cellselection and interference challenges, we showcase encouragingmmWave coverage evaluations in both urban and suburban/ruralsettings, and we examine the peculiarities of direct device-to-device communications in the sky. Moving on, we sneak a peekat next-generation UAV communications, listing some of the usecases envisioned for the 2030s. We identify the most promising6G enablers for UAV communication, those expected to takethe performance and reliability to the next level. For each ofthese disruptive new paradigms (non-terrestrial networks, cell-free architectures, artificial intelligence, reconfigurable intelligentsurfaces, and THz communications), we gauge the prospectivebenefits for UAVs and discuss the main technological hurdles thatstand in the way. All along, we distil our numerous findings intoessential takeaways, and we identify key open problems worthyof further study. [less ▲]

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See detailUrbanicity, behavior problems and HPA axis regulation in preschoolers
Effenberger, Pauline; Send, Tabea; Gilles, Maria et al

in Psychoneuroendocrinology (2022), 137

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See detailDer Witz der Urteilskraft. Zur politischen Dimension des Humors
Mein, Georg UL

in andererseits – Yearbook of Transatlantic German Studies (2022), 9/10

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See detailAn Empirical Study on Data Distribution-Aware Test Selection for Deep Learning Enhancement
Hu, Qiang UL; Guo, Yuejun UL; Cordy, Maxime UL et al

in ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (2022)

Similar to traditional software that is constantly under evolution, deep neural networks (DNNs) need to evolve upon the rapid growth of test data for continuous enhancement, e.g., adapting to distribution ... [more ▼]

Similar to traditional software that is constantly under evolution, deep neural networks (DNNs) need to evolve upon the rapid growth of test data for continuous enhancement, e.g., adapting to distribution shift in a new environment for deployment. However, it is labor-intensive to manually label all the collected test data. Test selection solves this problem by strategically choosing a small set to label. Via retraining with the selected set, DNNs will achieve competitive accuracy. Unfortunately, existing selection metrics involve three main limitations: 1) using different retraining processes; 2) ignoring data distribution shifts; 3) being insufficiently evaluated. To fill this gap, we first conduct a systemically empirical study to reveal the impact of the retraining process and data distribution on model enhancement. Then based on our findings, we propose a novel distribution-aware test (DAT) selection metric. Experimental results reveal that retraining using both the training and selected data outperforms using only the selected data. None of the selection metrics perform the best under various data distributions. By contrast, DAT effectively alleviates the impact of distribution shifts and outperforms the compared metrics by up to 5 times and 30.09% accuracy improvement for model enhancement on simulated and in-the-wild distribution shift scenarios, respectively. [less ▲]

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See detailGlobal Challenges: Opening up Chemistry, Pandemics, and Air Pollution
Schymanski, Emma UL

in ACS Environmental Au (2022), 2(4), 287--289

As the first half of 2022 comes to a close, it is an interesting time to reflect on some recent trends. In many ways, the world is “opening” up again, with many colleagues going to their first “in person” ... [more ▼]

As the first half of 2022 comes to a close, it is an interesting time to reflect on some recent trends. In many ways, the world is “opening” up again, with many colleagues going to their first “in person” conferences since the start of the pandemic in early 2020. A significant leap forward for open chemistry was made in 2021, with the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry embracing a hybrid model and releasing half a million chemicals as the CAS Common Chemistry set under an open license. (1)ACS Environmental Au continues to develop as one of the key gold open access journals for publishing work on environmental topics. (2) The European Union has just launched the €400 million European Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC), with ∼200 partners (3) and a whole work package on FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) (4,5) and Open (6) data. While these trends are cause for optimism, the CAS Registry continues to climb toward the 200 million chemical mark (7) and many of us were blown away by the sheer immensity of the chemical pollution problem at recent meetings. Other colleagues, e.g., those affected by war, by lockdowns, or with insufficient funds, are unable to share in the “post-pandemic” reopening, conferences, and travel. Others cannot afford the costs associated with open access or still do not see the benefits of open science. Why the focus on these disjoint subjects? Both chemical pollution and the COVID-19 pandemic are global challenges requiring global solutions, where failure to act comes with a high price. Landrigan et al. estimated that 9 million premature deaths (16% of the global total) were caused by pollution in 2015. (8) Worldwide deaths directly due to the COVID-19 pandemic are already over 6 million (9) (January 2020 to May 2022). While public awareness is high, individuals often feel powerless to tackle global challenges─yet the pandemic has proven that individual actions can make an incredible collective difference. The same applies to open data and the exchange of research results─the collective benefit from many individual contributions can be extraordinary. [less ▲]

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See detailSubjective age, worry and risk-related perceptions in older adults in times of a pandemic
Tingvold, Maiken UL; Albert, Isabelle UL; Hoffmann, Martine et al

in PLoS ONE (2022), 17(9), 0274293

During the Covid-19 pandemic, older people have been in the spotlight of the public debate. Given their higher risk of severe outcomes of the disease, they have been described as especially vulnerable and ... [more ▼]

During the Covid-19 pandemic, older people have been in the spotlight of the public debate. Given their higher risk of severe outcomes of the disease, they have been described as especially vulnerable and as a burden to others and society. We thus wanted to investigate how older people’s perception of their own age, that is their subjective age, as well as their Covid-19 related risks and worries were related during the pandemic and whether these relationships varied according to participants’ subjective health. We used data from the longitudinal CRISIS study which was conducted in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg in June and October 2020. Participants were aged 60–98 and responded on questionnaires regarding their subjective age, worry of falling ill with Covid-19, perceived risk of contracting the virus, perceived risk of falling seriously ill if they contracted Covid-19, as well as their subjective health and covariates. Three cross-lagged panel models were constructed to explore the longitudinal, bidirectional relationships between the variables. Cross-sectionally, a higher subjective age was related to more perceived risk of a serious course of disease. Longitudinally, subjective age and worry did not show any significant association over time, and neither did subjective age and perceived risk of contracting the virus. However, subjective health significantly moderated the relationship of worry and subjective age, showing different trajectories in the relationship depending on whether subjective health was good or bad. Higher perceived risk of falling seriously ill increased subjective age over time. Again, subjective health moderated this relationship: the perceived risk of falling seriously ill affected subjective age only for those with better subjective health. Our findings show the interactive relationship between subjective age and Covid-19 related cognitions and emotions and provide guidance for identifying older people that are most susceptible for negative age-related communication during the pandemic. [less ▲]

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See detailThe effect of trademark breadth on IPO valuation and post-IPO performance: an empirical investigation of 1,510 European IPOs
Fisch, Christian UL; Meoli, Michele; Vismara, Silvio et al

in Journal of Business Venturing (2022), 37(5), 106237

Trademarks differ in breadth and can cover a wide range of categories of goods and services. We draw on real options theory and argue that greater trademark breadth constitutes a valuable real option that ... [more ▼]

Trademarks differ in breadth and can cover a wide range of categories of goods and services. We draw on real options theory and argue that greater trademark breadth constitutes a valuable real option that is associated with higher firm valuation and performance. We analyze a sample of 1510 firms that went public in Europe between 2002 and 2015 and find a positive effect of trademark breadth on initial public offering (IPO) valuation and post-IPO performance. We implement a contingency analysis to contrast real options and signaling theory and find stronger support for the real options perspective. [less ▲]

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See detailRetrait des contenus terroristes en ligne : l'Union européenne lutte contre la propagande terroriste virtuelle
Delhaise, Elise UL

in Revue du Droit des Technologies de l'Information (2022)

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See detailSatellite- and Cache-Assisted UAV: A Joint Cache Placement, Resource Allocation, and Trajectory Optimization for 6G Aerial Networks
Tran Dinh, Hieu UL; Chatzinotas, Symeon UL; Ottersten, Björn UL

in IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology (2022), 3

This paper considers Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite- and cache-assisted unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications for content delivery in terrestrial networks, which shows great potential for next ... [more ▼]

This paper considers Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite- and cache-assisted unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications for content delivery in terrestrial networks, which shows great potential for next-generation systems to provide ubiquitous connectivity and high capacity. Specifically, caching is provided by the UAV to reduce backhaul congestion, and the LEO satellite supports the UAV’s backhaul link. In this context, we aim to maximize the minimum achievable throughput per ground user (GU) by jointly optimizing cache placement, the UAV’s resource allocation, and trajectory while cache capacity and flight time are limited. The formulated problem is challenging to solve directly due to its non-convexity and combinatorial nature. To find a solution, the problem is decomposed into three sub-problems: (1) cache placement optimization with fixed UAV resources and trajectory, followed by (2) the UAV resources optimization with fixed cache placement vector and trajectory, and finally, (3) we optimize the UAV trajectory with fixed cache placement and UAV resources. Based on the solutions of sub-problems, an efficient alternating algorithm is proposed utilizing the block coordinate descent (BCD) and successive convex approximation (SCA) methods. Simulation results show that the max-min throughput and total achievable throughput enhancement can be achieved by applying our proposed algorithm instead of other benchmark schemes. [less ▲]

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See detailGeneration of two human induced pluripotent stem cell lines from fibroblasts of Parkinson’s disease patients carrying the ILE368ASN mutation in PINK1 (LCSBi002) and the R275W mutation in Parkin (LCSBI004)
Novak, Gabriela; Finkbeiner, Steven; Skibinski, Gaia et al

in Stem Cell Research (2022), 61

Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin are two of the main causes of recessive early-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). We generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from fibroblasts of a 64-year-old ... [more ▼]

Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin are two of the main causes of recessive early-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). We generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from fibroblasts of a 64-year-old male patient with a homozygous ILE368ASN mutation in PINK1, who experienced disease onset at 33 years, and from fibroblasts of a 61-year-old female patient heterozygous for the R275W mutation in Parkin, who experienced disease onset at 44 years. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) determined genotypic variation in each line. The cell lines were successfully used to generate midbrain dopaminergic neurons, the neuron type primarily affected in PD. [less ▲]

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See detailEnhanced Optical Spectroscopy for Multiplexed DNA and Protein-Sequencing with Plasmonic Nanopores: Challenges and Prospects
Li, Wang; Zhou, Juan; Maccaferri, Nicolò UL et al

in Analytical Chemistry (2022), 94(2), 503-514

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See detailEmerging spin-phonon coupling through cross-talk of two magnetic sublattices
Weber, Mads C.; Guennou, Mael UL; Evans, Donald M. et al

in NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022), 13(1), 443-7

Typically, magnetic phenomena result from the spontaneous order of the sublattices. Here, the cross-talk of two magnetic ions gives rise to an intrinsic, yet non-spontaneous ordering and manifests as ... [more ▼]

Typically, magnetic phenomena result from the spontaneous order of the sublattices. Here, the cross-talk of two magnetic ions gives rise to an intrinsic, yet non-spontaneous ordering and manifests as emergent strong spin-phonon coupling in SmFeO3. Many material properties such as superconductivity, magnetoresistance or magnetoelectricity emerge from the non-linear interactions of spins and lattice/phonons. Hence, an in-depth understanding of spin-phonon coupling is at the heart of these properties. While most examples deal with one magnetic lattice only, the simultaneous presence of multiple magnetic orderings yield potentially unknown properties. We demonstrate a strong spin-phonon coupling in SmFeO3 that emerges from the interaction of both, iron and samarium spins. We probe this coupling as a remarkably large shift of phonon frequencies and the appearance of new phonons. The spin-phonon coupling is absent for the magnetic ordering of iron alone but emerges with the additional ordering of the samarium spins. Intriguingly, this ordering is not spontaneous but induced by the iron magnetism. Our findings show an emergent phenomenon from the non-linear interaction by multiple orders, which do not need to occur spontaneously. This allows for a conceptually different approach in the search for yet unknown properties. [less ▲]

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See detailCurrent Tax Treaty Issues, 50th Anniversary of the International Tax Group, G. Maisto (Editor), EC and International Tax Law Series Vol. 18, IBFD. 2020
Haslehner, Werner UL

in Intertax, International Tax Review (2022), 50(3), 4

This is a short review of an important anniversary volume of the "International Tax Group", which has made many significant contributions to international tax law over the last 50 years.

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See detailRegulating Finfluencers
Pflücke, Felix UL

in Journal of European Consumer and Market Law (2022), 11(6)

The accessibility of investment advice on social media platforms has significantly increased in recent years. Finance influencers and content creators, so-called ‘Finfluencers’, provide their audience ... [more ▼]

The accessibility of investment advice on social media platforms has significantly increased in recent years. Finance influencers and content creators, so-called ‘Finfluencers’, provide their audience with unpaid or paid financial advice on social media, featuring investment strategies relating to meme stocks, contracts for difference trading, or cryptocurrencies. This article examines the practices and business models of Finfluencers as well as how EU law, three national jurisdictions (Luxembourg, Germany, and the UK), and five platforms regulate their activities. The underlying objectives are to understand the activities and regulation of Finfluencers and critically analyse whether the current framework sufficiently protects consumers. [less ▲]

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