Numerical parametric study on minimum degree of shear connection in steel-concrete composite beams

Bachelor/master dissertation (2019)

In steel-concrete composite beams, the mechanical shear connectors are used to provide the shear transfer at the steel-concrete interface by connecting the concrete slab and the steel beam. Eurocode 4 (EN ... [more ▼]

In steel-concrete composite beams, the mechanical shear connectors are used to provide the shear transfer at the steel-concrete interface by connecting the concrete slab and the steel beam. Eurocode 4 (EN 1994-1-1), provides the design rules to achieve an adequate degree of shear connection. In recent years, revised rules have been proposed for the new generation of Eurocodes and research has been done to assess their suitability. The aim of this study is to complement previous studies and to evaluate the revised rules for minimum degree of shear connection of propped composite beams with ductile shear connectors and symmetric cross sections. First, a simple and comprehensive numerical model of a simply supported composite beam was developed in the finite element software ABAQUS and validated against previous numerical studies. Then, a parametric study was performed to evaluate the proposed rules on solid composite beams and composite beams with profiled steel sheeting for four span lengths (i.e. Lₑ= 6, 9, 12, and 15 m). For each span length, ten distinct configurations were analysed and each configuration was evaluated for five different degrees of shear connection (i.e. η= 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, and 1.0). Thus, more than 200 simulations were completed in this parametric study. The results were post-processed and the suitability of the proposed rules was assessed in terms of end slip and midspan deflection at ULS and SLS respectively. The design rules led to adequate results in terms of midspan deflection. However, in some cases the end slip at ULS exceeded the 6 mm upper bound given in EN 1994-1-1 for ductile shear connectors. In order to properly identify and limit the end slip of the unsafe cases, the data from previous studies focusing on long span beams (i.e. 15m<Lₑ≤25m) was gathered with the results of the present study. Based on the assessment of the results, additional limitations to the revised rules were provided for the unsafe configurations. In these cases, the load level shall be limited by a reduction factor βₓ varying between 0.85 and 1, as a function of the plastic neutral axis depth to the overall height ratio (i.e. xₚₗ/h) and the composite to steel beam plastic bending resistance ratio (i.e. Mpl,Rd/Mpl,a,Rd). The effectiveness of this condition was re-evaluated and the results showed that more than 90% of the cases exhibited a maximum allowable end slip lower than 6 mm. Finally, a design proposal that accounts for the reduction factor βₓ was developed. [less ▲]

Deontic Agency and Moral Luck

Bachelor/master dissertation (2018)

This work presents temporal STIT I/O logic, an I/O logic based on temporal STIT logic, and documents its investigation with the proof assistant tool Isabelle/ HOL. We show how to semantically embedding ... [more ▼]

This work presents temporal STIT I/O logic, an I/O logic based on temporal STIT logic, and documents its investigation with the proof assistant tool Isabelle/ HOL. We show how to semantically embedding temporal STIT logic as well as the out2 operator in HOL. Implementing those embeddings and also the already existing embedding of the out1 operator into Isabelle/HOL framework, enables the application of higher-order automatic theorem provers for automated reasoning tasks in temporal STIT I/O logic. Finally, we relate our logic to a more philosophical topic called moral luck, identify which aspects of moral luck can be studied by it, and use examples from this subject as test cases for the logic. [less ▲]

A Qualitative and Quantitative Investigation via Cognitive Interviewing and Discriminant Content Analysis

Bachelor/master dissertation (2018)

Cäcilianismus in Luxemburg

Bachelor/master dissertation (2017)

Indo-European Meat and Flesh. Semantic Typology and Reconstruction.

Bachelor/master dissertation (2017)

The thesis looks into generic words for meat and flesh through out the Indo-European languages and tries to establish a semantic typology and reconstruction for the word for the concept for meat.

Prediction of drug targets using metabolic modelling

Bachelor/master dissertation (2016)

Cancer, as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, is a disease characterized by the abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Currently available anti-cancer drugs come with a variety of ... [more ▼]

Cancer, as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, is a disease characterized by the abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Currently available anti-cancer drugs come with a variety of different side effects reducing the quality of life of cancer patients. Due to these severe side effects in anti-cancer therapy it is important to find a compromise between killing the cancer cells (efficiency) and not affecting the healthy cells (toxicity) to improve the quality of life of those patients. There exist different methods of finding new drug targets in cancer such as the in vitro development of new drugs which is very time consuming and expensive. The in silico prediction of targets, on the other hand, is fast and cost effective and allows to make a pre-selection of drug targets based on candidate genes. In this work, I propose a new workflow which implements metabolic modelling for finding metabolic drug targets in cancer. Therefore, context-specific models for cancer (including primary and metastatic melanoma) and healthy controls were reconstructed from Recon 2 (a genome scale metabolic model) using FASTCORMICS and two different expression datasets. In silico single gene deletion was performed in the models to search for potential candidate genes which are essential in cancer (reduce biomass production by 50%) but not in healthy (do not affect ATP production). In a second step, (approved) drugs targeting metabolic genes and their side effects, were extracted from the DrugBank, STITCH and SIDER through data mining and mapped to the metabolic network. A total of 65 possible drug targets have been found. These targets include genes which are known targets for chemotherapeutic agents such as the thymidylate synthase (TYMS), the fatty acid synthase (FASN) or dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Furthermore, two anti-cancer agents have been predicted for FASN which have already been proposed for the treatment of cancer. [less ▲]

„Grow into a happy future“ The development of abortion law in the German Democratic Republic and its ideological and practical implications (1945 - 1972)

Bachelor/master dissertation (2016)

The master's thesis aims at exploring the laws regulating abortion and reproduction in the GDR until its legalization in 1972. These laws, their impact and mediatization are put into a comparative ... [more ▼]

The master's thesis aims at exploring the laws regulating abortion and reproduction in the GDR until its legalization in 1972. These laws, their impact and mediatization are put into a comparative perspective with the situation in the Soviet Union. The thesis further explores how ideologically charged explanations were used to legitimize abortion laws and the discrepancy between the USSR and the GDR in terms of legalization. [less ▲]

De l'enfant pauvre à une image de marque: Une histoire de la politique culturelle au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg de 1945 à 2015

Bachelor/master dissertation (2016)

Principles and design of global proactive scenarios over a network of proactive engines

Bachelor/master dissertation (2015)

This thesis examines Global Proactive Scenarios (GPaSs) in the context of proactive computing. GPaSs are Proactive Scenarios (PaSs) that dynamically collect information, provide strategies for cooperative ... [more ▼]

This thesis examines Global Proactive Scenarios (GPaSs) in the context of proactive computing. GPaSs are Proactive Scenarios (PaSs) that dynamically collect information, provide strategies for cooperative reasoning and support collective decision making [1]. More precisely we will extract properties from GPaSs and define them. Based on these properties we will then create templates for GPaSs, which will help to facilitate and standardize the creation of future GPaSs. The applicability of these templates is showed through the design of GPaSs for three example applications and finally we will implement one of these applications as a proof of concept example to showcase the usage of the templates in the real world. [less ▲]

Le sentiment d’auto-efficacité et la compatibilité support/tâche pendant la lecture et la rédaction de texte sur tablette numérique: éléments comportementaux, charge mentale et variation du sentiment d’auto-efficacité

Bachelor/master dissertation (2015)

This memory aims at understanding and at exploring the cognitive processes involved in the realization of tasks during the use of a tablet. The purpose is to see the effects of the Self efficacy in ... [more ▼]

This memory aims at understanding and at exploring the cognitive processes involved in the realization of tasks during the use of a tablet. The purpose is to see the effects of the Self efficacy in interaction with the compatibility / incompatibility of the tablet with a reading / searching task as wellas a writing task. It aims at describing the effects of the self-efficacy on the behavior in terms of strategies, performance, perseveration as well as cognitive load. For it, 99 students of the University of Toulouse II Jean Jaurès were confronted with two different versions of the document on digital tablets, making vary the compatibility of the tool with the task: a compatible one, and an incompatible. Measures of perceived utility, perceived difficulty, of time, of self-efficacy and behavior (strategytrying -error, perseverating, aborting) were made. The levels of Self-Efficacy have no effect on the behavior and the performances. However, the results show a variation of the self-efficacy between the first one and the second measure (pre-post survey).They also show a significant effect of the condition on the performances. To finish, we find a negative relation between the self-efficacy and the received difficulty. [less ▲]

Développement d'un macroélément pour des calculs sismiques pour des fondations profondes

Bachelor/master dissertation (2015)

The soil-foundation-structure interaction has been always a part of civil engineering where the hypothesis are numerous. These hypothesis can be an acceptance (such as dimensionless efforts ... [more ▼]

The soil-foundation-structure interaction has been always a part of civil engineering where the hypothesis are numerous. These hypothesis can be an acceptance (such as dimensionless efforts / displacements) or neglect ( such as radiation damping on far-field effect, detachment soil-foundation). However, they are used by many researchers in its calculations, thus the soil-foundation interaction its known for particular conditions. This study concerns to the development and programming of a new macro-element taking into account the radiative damping, of course based on previous models ; developed by [Nova and Montrasio, 1991], [Cremer, 2001]...., [Grange et al., 2009] and [Li, 2014]. The last two models will help us during this study. To get some good results we have to find a rheological model that represents on the best way the interaction soil-foundation . The model "Monkey-Tail" [Wolf, 1994] will be chosen. After understanding how the macro-element is going to be introduced in such way that it considers the radiative dumping, FedeasLab (a MATLAB tool, [Filippou and Constandines, 2004]) will check the validation of this model. This will be the second part of the study. [less ▲]

Calculs de paramètres RMN de fluorures inorganiques cristallisés

Bachelor/master dissertation (2015)

The goal of this work was to compute the NMR parameters of some crystalline inorganic fluorides using the Gipaw method as implemented in Quantum-Espresso. Notably, we were interested in reproducing (or ... [more ▼]

The goal of this work was to compute the NMR parameters of some crystalline inorganic fluorides using the Gipaw method as implemented in Quantum-Espresso. Notably, we were interested in reproducing (or not) some published results [16, 17] that had been obtained using Castep. [less ▲]

Role of HIF-1α in Oncostatin M induced metabolic reprogramming of human hepatocytes

Bachelor/master dissertation (2015)

Die militärische Organisation der Stadt Luxemburg im späten Mittelalter basierend auf den Rechnungsbüchern von 1388 bis 1480

Bachelor/master dissertation (2015)

Network-based Approach Enabling Drug Repositioning for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction

Bachelor/master dissertation (2014)

Despite a notable reduction in incidence of acute myocardial infarction (MI), patients who experience it remain at risk for premature death and cardiac malfunction. The human cardiomyocytes are not able ... [more ▼]

Despite a notable reduction in incidence of acute myocardial infarction (MI), patients who experience it remain at risk for premature death and cardiac malfunction. The human cardiomyocytes are not able to achieve extensive regeneration upon MI. Remarkably, the adult zebrafish is able to achieve complete heart regeneration following amputation, cryoinjury or genetic ablation. This raises new potential opportunities on how to boost the heart healing capacity in humans. The objective of our research is to characterize the transcriptional network of the zebrafish heart regeneration, to describe underlying regulatory mechanisms, and to identify potential drugs capable to boost heart regeneration capacity. Having identified the gene co-expression patterns in the data from a zebrafish cryoinjury model, we constructed a weighted gene co-expression network. To detect candidate functional sub-networks (modules), we used two different network clustering approaches: a density-based (ClusterONE) and a topological overlap-based (Dynamic Hybrid) algorithms. We identified eighteen distinct modules associated with heart recovery upon cryoinjury. Functional enrichment analysis displayed that the modules are involved in different cellular processes crucial for heart regeneration, including: cell fate specification (p-value < 0.006) and migration (p-value < 0.047), cardiac cell differentiation (p-value < 3E-04), and various signaling events (p-value < 0.037). The visualization of the modules’ expression profiles confirmed the relevance of these functional enrichments. Among the candidate hub genes detected in the network, there are genes relevant to atherosclerosis treatment and inflammation during cardiac arrest. Among the top candidate drugs, there were drugs already reported to play therapeutic roles in heart disease, though the majority of the drugs have not been considered yet for myocardial infarction treatment. In conclusion, our findings provide insights into the complex regulatory mechanisms involved during heart regeneration in the zebrafish. These data will be useful for modeling specific network-based responses to heart injury, and for finding sensitive network points that may trigger or boost heart regeneration in the zebrafish, and possibly in mammals. [less ▲]

(Dis)continuity under Burgundian rule. Nobility and administration in the Duchy of Luxembourg (ca. 1440 – 1453)

Bachelor/master dissertation (2014)

Das Projekt „Joy“ der Stiftung EME: Wie Musik hörgeschädigte Kinder und Senioren zusammenbringt

Bachelor/master dissertation (2013)

Am Beispiel des intergenerationellen Musikprojektes „Joy“ der gemeinnützigen Stiftung EME wird ersichtlich, wie kulturelle Partizipation das Leben eines Einzelnen bereichert und die Verbundenheit einer ... [more ▼]

Am Beispiel des intergenerationellen Musikprojektes „Joy“ der gemeinnützigen Stiftung EME wird ersichtlich, wie kulturelle Partizipation das Leben eines Einzelnen bereichert und die Verbundenheit einer Gemeinschaft fördern kann. Hörgeschädigte Kinder und Senioren begegneten sich von Januar bis Juli 2013 mehrmals im Monat um gemeinsam mit afrikanischen Instrumenten zu musizieren. Die Musik schenkte den Teilnehmern Freude und Vitalität und ermöglichte ihnen, die Probleme aus ihrem Alltag für kurze Zeit zu vergessen. Theoretische Erkenntnisse münden in Ideen, wie das außergewöhnliche Zusammentreffen als Fallbeispiel öffentlich präsentiert und das Aufblühen der Generationen offenbart werden kann. [less ▲]

Raisonnement scientifique et inférence bayésienne

Bachelor/master dissertation (2013)

Après deux siècles de quasi-oubli, les méthodes dites bayésiennes ont connu un essor extraordinaire au cours des trente dernières années. Ce sont de telles applications de la théorie des probabilités qui ... [more ▼]

Après deux siècles de quasi-oubli, les méthodes dites bayésiennes ont connu un essor extraordinaire au cours des trente dernières années. Ce sont de telles applications de la théorie des probabilités qui faisaient dire de celle-ci au principal pionnier de ces méthodes, Laplace, qu'elle «n'est que le bon sens réduit au calcul». Des formalisations plus récentes (Cox, 1946) font que l'on sait aujourd'hui que raisonner de manière rationnelle est équivalent à utiliser un raisonnement bayésien [Jaynes 2003]. Savoir raisonner de manière rationnelle étant nécessaire pour tout scientifique, il nous a semblé intéressant de faire le lien entre ces méthodes bayésiennes et ce que l'on appelle généralement la méthode scientifique. Les méthodes bayésiennes sont des méthodes qui dérivent de l'application de l'interprétation bayésienne de la théorie des probabilités. Selon cette interprétation, une probabilité n'est pas une propriété intrinsèque d'un système (comme une fréquence), mais une mesure (qui peut être subjective) de l'incertitude que l'on a sur l'état de celui-ci. Le coeur de ces méthodes est alors le théorème de Bayes (entre 1745 et 1750), qui permet de réviser cette mesure à l'aune de nouvelles données: p(H|D,I) = p(D|H,I) * p(H|I)/p(D|I). La notation utilisée ici reflète l'usage qui nous intéresse: H représente une hypothèse, D des données, et, un raisonnement ne se faisant pas «dans le vide», I représente un contexte informationnel qui n'intervient pas dans les calculs mais que nous avons choisi de représenter explicitement, suivant ainsi [Sivia 2006]. Le terme p(H|I) représente alors la probabilité qui avait été attribuée a priori à l'hypothèse, p(D|I) représente les faits nouveaux que l'on désire prendre en compte, et p(D|H,I) la vraisemblance de ces faits en supposant l'hypothèse vraie. On extrait de cela la probabilité révisée, a posteriori de l'hypothèse, p(H|D,I). Dans cette étude, nous expliquons que l'application de ce théorème est non seulement compatible avec la méthode scientifique traditionnelle venant de la tradition d'Aristote, Bacon et Descartes et ses trois étapes --observer, former des hypothèses, tester ces hypothèses-- mais qu'en plus, elle permet d'étendre la logique «cartésienne» pour prendre en compte le problème de l'inférence. En effet, la logique cartésienne permet de déduire les conséquences à partir de causes connues, mais il n'est pas possible de déterminer formellement les causes à partir de l'observation des faits. L'utilisation du théorème de Bayes, autrefois appelé loi des probabilités inverses, permet de résoudre ce problème, en déterminant la plausibilité de diverses hypothèses à partir des faits. En outre, le remplacement d'une logique binaire avec deux valeurs «vrai/faux» par un continuum de probabilité permet «d'adoucir» l'effet d'observations contraires à une théorie par ailleurs largement validée, alors qu'une application brutale et naïve de la logique classique voudrait qu'elle soit considérée immédiatement comme réfutée. Inversement, l'application du théorème de Bayes avec des données prédites par une théorie confirme l'idée intuitive que cette théorie est rendue plus plausible (sans devenir pour autant certaine). Ce sont des avantages par rapport au réfutationnisme poppérien. Cette extension de la logique facilite également la prise en compte de données dont l'interprétation est incertaine. Les méthodes bayésiennes fournissent aussi un critère pour résoudre le problème qui peut se poser avec le principe du rasoir d'Occam. En effet, celui-ci veut qu'entre deux théories à pouvoir explicatif identique, on choisisse celle qui est la plus simple. Mais que faire dans le cas où s'affrontent deux théories, dont l'une est plus complexe mais aussi plus précise que l'autre~? Le théorème de Bayes permet de comparer les probabilités respectives de ces théories en prenant non seulement en compte leur adéquation aux données dont on dispose, mais également le nombre de paramètres (donc la complexité) prévu par ces théories. Faute d'avoir le temps de présenter cela à l'aide d'un exemple comme nous l'avions initialement espéré, nous renvoyons le lecteur vers le chapitre 4 de [Sivia-2006]. Incidemment, le formalisme bayésien de l'induction de Solomonoff permet même une démonstration du rasoir d'Occam. De manière plus générale, étant donné qu'il n'est guère possible de rendre compte de l'incroyable richesse des applications des méthodes bayésiennes, nous dirigeons le lecteur soucieux d'en apprendre plus vers notre bibliographie annotée. [less ▲]

The impact of the global financial crisis on central banks independence and mandate : cases of the US Fed, the ECB and the BoE

Bachelor/master dissertation (2013)

The recent global financial crisis has shaken the celebrated paradigm of an independent central bank with monetary policy mandate focused on the paramount objective of price stability. During the crisis ... [more ▼]

The recent global financial crisis has shaken the celebrated paradigm of an independent central bank with monetary policy mandate focused on the paramount objective of price stability. During the crisis, central banks, particularly the Fed, the ECB and the BoE; in order to restore financial stability adopted many “non-standard measures” which successfully prevented greater financial turmoil. By providing emergency funding to unstable financial sectors, central banks’ balance sheets have expanded considerably which may pose certain risks to central banks’ independence in the conduct of its traditional monetary policy objectives. Furthermore, seeing the successes of central banks in fighting the crisis, the US, the British and the EU lawmakers decided to enhance their financial stability mandate, which in turn raised many questions as to its “clear and limited” scope and its compatibility with democratic principles. This thesis will explore the post-crisis challenges for central banks, raised by expansion of their balance sheets and broadened scope of their policy objectives, with regard to their independence and mandate. [less ▲]

Solution of implicit differential equations using desingularization theory

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Our goal in this work is to give an algorithmic method to find solutions of a LSS. To accomplish this objective, we will give a geometric description of the problem and use some geometric tools to ... [more ▼]

Our goal in this work is to give an algorithmic method to find solutions of a LSS. To accomplish this objective, we will give a geometric description of the problem and use some geometric tools to transform the equation and the manifold (the "ambient space") into a new set of equations, each one being an explicit ODE. When this is accomplished, one may apply Picard's theorem to these new systems to obtain the solutions. It is important to notice that (as many other theoretical results) Picard's theorem proves the existence of a solution but does not give an explicit method to nd it. Usually, in problems which require to find explicit solutions, numerical methods are used. There also exist numerical methods for solving LSS, so one may think that (since we will use numerical methods anyway to find the explicit solution) we could use them directly instead of wasting time implementing a method that will still depend on numerical approximations. The main point of using alternative methods for this kind of problem is (beyond the theoretical value of the algorithm) that, while numerical methods for explicit ODEs are usually accurate (in the sense that it is easy to control the error of the calculations), numerical approximations for an arbitrary LSS require (as it is explained in [RR02]) numerical inversions of quasi-singular matrices; these operations are numerically unstable. Therefore, the desingularization procedure studied here may allow to transform a numerically unstable problem into a new stable one. [less ▲]

Quantität und Qualität deutscher Vokale bei Lernern mit der L1 Russisch

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Die deutsche Sprache hat ein reiches Vokalsystem. Eine Besonderheit dieses Systems ist die Existenz der sogenannten Kurz- und Langvokale, die bedeutungsunterscheidend sind (Miete und Mitte, Höhle und ... [more ▼]

Die deutsche Sprache hat ein reiches Vokalsystem. Eine Besonderheit dieses Systems ist die Existenz der sogenannten Kurz- und Langvokale, die bedeutungsunterscheidend sind (Miete und Mitte, Höhle und Hölle, Staat und Stadt). Diese zwei Gruppen von Vokalen werden unterschiedlich lang und unterschiedlich gespannt ausgesprochen. Solche Qualitäts- und Quantitätsunterschiede sind nicht für alle Sprachen typisch, deswegen stellt der Erwerb der deutschen Vokale eine Herausforderung für viele Lerner dar. Diese Unterschiede machen aber nicht nur den Lernern des Deutschen viel Mühe, sondern auch den Sprachwissenschaftlern, die sich mit dem deutschen Phonemsystem auseinandersetzen. Linguisten, die in diesem Forschungsgebiet tätig sind, diskutieren immer noch über das entscheidende distinktive Merkmal der deutschen Vokale. Ist es die Quantität oder die Qualität? Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist, die Frage aus einer anderen Perspektive zu betrachten. Ich werde überprüfen, wie russischsprachige Lerner des Deutschen mit diesen beiden Parametern umgehen. Was erwerben diese Lerner, in deren Muttersprache weder die Länge noch die Gespanntheit der Vokale bedeutungsunterscheidend sind? [less ▲]

L’oeuvre en fuite : oscillation et instabilité dans les récits de Jean Genet

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Blaming others: Toward a new experimental measure of anger-based projection

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Le rôle de l’abus de pouvoir des élites locales dans les acquisitions de terres agricoles à petite échelle. Le cas de la commune de Djidja au Bénin

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Auf den Spuren der Akteure: Ein organisationaler Veränderungsprozess aus Perspektive der Akteur-Netzwerk Theorie

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Reisen zu Pferde im Mittelalter - Semantik und Verwendung des passgehenden Zelter-Reitpferdes

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Le Calcul Quantique

Bachelor/master dissertation (2012)

Un ordinateur est un objet physique effectuant des opérations logiques, il a donc nécessairement besoin d’un substrat physique pour faire ces opérations. Aussi, si la théorie qui sous-tend l’informatique ... [more ▼]

Un ordinateur est un objet physique effectuant des opérations logiques, il a donc nécessairement besoin d’un substrat physique pour faire ces opérations. Aussi, si la théorie qui sous-tend l’informatique doit beaucoup aux mathématiciens (Turing pour n’en citer qu’un), c’est la physique qui a rendu la réalisation concrète des ordinateurs possible, qu’ils soient réalisés avec des relais électromécaniques, des tubes électroniques ou des transistors. Et cela ne s’arrête pas là : par exemple, d’une part la miniaturisation de ces derniers dans les processeurs fait que les phénomènes quantiques doivent être pris en compte (les électrons risquent de passer d’un fil à un autre par effet tunnel), d’autre part l’accroissement de la vitesse d’horloge rend concrète la barrière qu’est la vitesse de la lumière. Si les ordinateurs ne sont possibles qu’avec une théorie physique suffisamment évoluée, il y a une rétroaction qui se crée, car la physique a beaucoup bénéficié du développement des ordinateurs. Ceux-ci rendent en effet possibles des calculs – d’abord numériques, mais également symboliques – qu’il serait difficile de faire « à la main », pour des questions de temps et « d’erreurs humaines ». Cette possibilité a ouvert la voie à des simulations dans pratiquement toutes les branches de la physique, et ces simulations ont à leur tour pratique- ment créé de nouvelles branches, telle la théorie du chaos. En 1982, Richard Feynman déplorait cependant que les simulations informatiques de processus quantiques ne fussent pas efficaces, et suggérait qu’elles pourraient être bien plus rapides si l’ordinateur était lui-même « quantique » [2]. Dans ce document, nous allons d’abord revenir (chapitre 1) sur ce point et expliquer ce que pourrait faire différemment un ordinateur « quantique ». Nous décrirons ensuite (chapitre 2) les bases théoriques du calcul quantique tel que pourrait le pratiquer un ordinateur de ce type. Nous verrons finalement (chapitre 3) avec l’exemple de l’algorithme de Shor et de la Tranformation de Fourier Quantique qu’au-delà des simulations de processus quantiques, un ordinateur quantique pourrait accélérer dramatiquement d’autres opérations. Nous conclurons sur quelques approches possibles pour la réalisation d’un ordinateur quantique et sur l’existence d’autres applications de la mécanique quantique liées à l’informatique et à la communication qui ne nécessitent pas forcément un tel ordinateur, ainsi que sur des aspects plus philosophiques du calcul quantique. [less ▲]

Narrateur, personnage et leceur virtuel: vers une méthode d'analyse intra-relationnelle

Bachelor/master dissertation (2011)

[fr] Dans l'étude d'un possible dialogisme entre les instances internes au récit que sont le narrateur, le personnage et le lecteur virtuel (soit l'instance de lecture présupposée par le texte), ce ... [more ▼]

[fr] Dans l'étude d'un possible dialogisme entre les instances internes au récit que sont le narrateur, le personnage et le lecteur virtuel (soit l'instance de lecture présupposée par le texte), ce travail pose notamment les questions des subjectivèmes, de leur assemblage en point de vue et des articulations de points de vue hétérogènes: comment peut-on les repérer, identifier différentes formes d'assemblage/articulation et déterminer leur force illocutoire? [less ▲]

Introduction à la théorie des espaces symétriques

Bachelor/master dissertation (2010)

Sparse Channel Estimation based on Compressed Sensing Theory for Ultra-Wideband Systems

Bachelor/master dissertation (2010)

Due Process in Islamic Sharia: Historical Perspective on Political Executions During Umayyad Era (661 to 750 AD)

Bachelor/master dissertation (2009)

Régulation de la position d'une bille sur un plateau inclinable

Bachelor/master dissertation (2009)

Le but de ce projet était d'étudier la régulation de la position d'une bille sur un plateau mobile, celui-ci devant être préalablement construit. Ce plateau est mobile en ceci qu'il peut s'incliner selon ... [more ▼]

Le but de ce projet était d'étudier la régulation de la position d'une bille sur un plateau mobile, celui-ci devant être préalablement construit. Ce plateau est mobile en ceci qu'il peut s'incliner selon ses deux axes, l'inclinaison étant contrôlable par des moteurs. Le plateau est constitué (ou, comme ici, recouvert) d'une dalle tactile qui permet de connaître la position de la bille. Dans la fabrication de ce projet, il y a trois parties distinctes: - la partie mécanique; - la partie électronique; - la partie informatique, c'est-à-dire la programmation de la puce (un microcontrôleur dsPIC) qui contrôle le système. Toutefois, avant de parler de la fabrication elle-même, nous allons commencer par étudier ce système de manière théorique. C'est l'objet du premier chapitre. [less ▲]

Arithmétique mentale complexe et corrélats oculomoteurs des stratégies de résolution. Psychologie

Bachelor/master dissertation (2009)

Externe Evaluation als Impulsgeber für Schulentwicklung? Eine explorative Untersuchung

Bachelor/master dissertation (2009)

Temporary Detention in Constitutional Law and Islamic Sharia

Bachelor/master dissertation (2008)

Integration of optical tracking system for determination of the position and orientation of instruments during the surgery

Bachelor/master dissertation (2008)

Analysis and Design of a Synthetic Aperture Radar System

Bachelor/master dissertation (2008)

The Refugees and Article 56 of the 1971 Constitution

Bachelor/master dissertation (2007)

Biologische und Psychologische Determinanten der Beziehungsorientierung bei Männern: Eine Mediationsanalyse

Bachelor/master dissertation (2007)

CCK : un protocole coordonné de sauvegarde/reprise pour la tolérance aux pannes des applications itératives en calcul numérique

Bachelor/master dissertation (2006)

A Neural Reinforcement Learning Approach for Behavior Acquisition in Intelligent Autonomous Systems

Bachelor/master dissertation (2006)

In this work new artificial learning and innate control mechanisms are proposed for application in autonomous behavioral systems for mobile robots. An autonomous system (for mobile robots) existent in the ... [more ▼]

In this work new artificial learning and innate control mechanisms are proposed for application in autonomous behavioral systems for mobile robots. An autonomous system (for mobile robots) existent in the literature is enhanced with respect to its capacity of exploring the environment and avoiding risky configurations (that lead to collisions with obstacles even after learning). The particular autonomous system is based on modular hierarchical neural networks. Initially,the autonomous system does not have any knowledge suitable for exploring the environment (and capture targets œ foraging). After a period of learning,the system generates efficientobstacle avoid ance and target seeking behaviors. Two particular deficiencies of the forme rautonomous system (tendency to generate unsuitable cyclic trajectories and ineffectiveness in risky configurations) are discussed and the new learning and controltechniques (applied to the autonomous system) are verified through simulations. It is shown the effectiveness of the proposals: theautonomous system is able to detect unsuitable behaviors (cyclic trajectories) and decrease their probability of appearance in the future and the number of collisions in risky situations is significantly decreased. Experiments also consider maze environments (with targets distant from each other) and dynamic environments (with moving objects). [less ▲]

Le tuteur : « un métier impossible » Analyse de l’acte formatif et des enjeux psychiques dans un cas d’accompagnement d’un stagiaire

Bachelor/master dissertation (2005)

The speech and language therapist’s role in differential diagnosis

Bachelor/master dissertation (2004)

Implémentation efficace du couplage de Weil en caractéristique trois et réalisation du protocole de Joux

Bachelor/master dissertation (2003)

L’analyse sensorielle et ses potentialités d’objectivation des préférences de consommateurs

Bachelor/master dissertation (2003)

Landwirtschaft in der Region "West" Irlands - Diversifizierung als Entwicklungsprozess und -strategie im ländlichen Raum

Bachelor/master dissertation (2002)

Susceptibility to interference effects: a possible explanation of age-related differences in working memory performance?

Bachelor/master dissertation (2002)

La discrimination des femmes au travail: le cas de la Commission européenne

Bachelor/master dissertation (2001)

Une lecture anthropologique des cartes postales de Marseille. De l’image à l’imaginaire

Bachelor/master dissertation (2000)

Staatliche Forschungsförderung der Sozialwissenschaften: Die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft und die amerikanische National Science Foundation im Vergleich

Bachelor/master dissertation (1999)

Why have the social sciences been more successful at gaining funding from Germany's national science foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), than from the U.S. National Science Foundation ... [more ▼]

Why have the social sciences been more successful at gaining funding from Germany's national science foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), than from the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)? Historical-institutional case studies of the DFG's difficult reconstruction and NSF's complicated birth show how scientists negotiated postwar political conditions. Further, comparative analysis examines postwar research and development trends through 1997, including organization-level data on funding distributions between branches of science. Postwar consensus about the increasing importance of science enabled the rapid growth of government-sponsored research funds and distributing organizations, with the DFG and the NSF created to allocate basic research funds among and within disciplines. While institutionalized peer review systems balanced external political control and scientific freedom, competition between levels and branches of government and complex decision making processes affected federal research-sponsoring agencies' expansion as intermediary institutions. While both organizations attempt to shield themselves from political control by nonscientists, the NSF has been less successful than the DFG in maintaining its autonomy from federal policymakers. In Germany, the federal science ministry with its comprehensive budgeting process and constitutionally guaranteed academic freedoms strengthen the equilibrium of the science-politics nexus. In contrast, the US still lacks an executive branch department of science or technology and American social scientists only obtained a full-fledged social science directorate at the NSF in the 1990s. Comparative analysis shows significant differences in political decision-makers' control of these organizations, especially with respect to the natural sciences' dominance over the social sciences. German social scientists have maintained higher levels of government funding for basic research than their American peers, who suffered both lost autonomy and diminished funding, especially at NSF. [less ▲]