Two- and three-dimensional isogeometric cohesive elements for composite delamination analysis

in Composites. Part B, Engineering (2014), 60

We propose an automatic numerical method requiring minimal user intervention to simulate delamination in composite structures. We develop isogeometric cohesive elements for two- and three-dimensional ... [more ▼]

We propose an automatic numerical method requiring minimal user intervention to simulate delamination in composite structures. We develop isogeometric cohesive elements for two- and three-dimensional delamination by exploiting the knot insertion algorithm directly from CAD data to generate cohesive elements along delamination. A complete computational framework is presented including pre-processing, processing and post-processing. They are explained in detail and implemented in MIGFEM - an open source Matlab Isogemetric Analysis code developed by the authors. The composite laminates are modeled using both NURBS solid and rotation-free shell elements. Several two and three dimensional examples ranging from standard delamination tests (the mixed mode bending test) to the L-shaped specimen with a fillet, three dimensional (3D) double cantilever beam and a 3D singly curved thick-walled laminate are provided. The method proposed provides a bi-directional system in which one can go forward from CAD to analysis and backwards from analysis to CAD. This is believed to facilitate the design of composite structures. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

A two-dimensional Isogeometric Boundary Element Method for elastostatic analysis

in Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering (2012), 209-212

The concept of isogeometric analysis, where functions that are used to describe geometry in CAD software are used to approximate the unknown fields in numerical simulations, has received great attention ... [more ▼]

The concept of isogeometric analysis, where functions that are used to describe geometry in CAD software are used to approximate the unknown fields in numerical simulations, has received great attention in recent years. The method has the potential to have profound impact on engineering design, since the task of meshing, which in some cases can add significant overhead, has been circumvented. Much of the research effort has been focused on finite element implementations of the isogeometric concept, but at present, little has been seen on the application to the Boundary Element Method. The current paper proposes an Isogeometric Boundary Element Method (BEM), which we term IGABEM, applied to two-dimensional elastostatic problems using Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS). We find it is a natural fit with the isogeometric concept since both the NURBS approximation and BEM deal with quantities entirely on the boundary. The method is verified against analytical solutions where it is seen that superior accuracies are achieved over a conventional quadratic isoparametric BEM implementation. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. [less ▲]

A Two-Dimensional Isogeometric Boundary Element Method For Linear Elastic Fracture

Scientific Conference (2014, January)

Two-intermediate model to characterize the structure of fast-folding proteins

in Journal of Theoretical Biology (2011), 283(1), 60-70

This paper introduces a new model that enables researchers to conduct protein folding simulations. A two-step in silico process is used in the course of structural analysis of a set of fast-folding ... [more ▼]

This paper introduces a new model that enables researchers to conduct protein folding simulations. A two-step in silico process is used in the course of structural analysis of a set of fast-folding proteins. The model assumes an early stage (ES) that depends solely on the backbone conformation, as described by its geometrical properties--specifically, by the V-angle between two sequential peptide bond planes (which determines the radius of curvature, also called R-radius, according to a second-degree polynomial form). The agreement between the structure under consideration and the assumed model is measured in terms of the magnitude of dispersion of both parameters with respect to idealized values. The second step, called late-stage folding (LS), is based on the "fuzzy oil drop" model, which involves an external hydrophobic force field described by a three-dimensional Gauss function. The degree of conformance between the structure under consideration and its idealized model is expressed quantitatively by means of the Kullback-Leibler entropy, which is a measure of disparity between the observed and expected hydrophobicity distributions. A set of proteins, representative of the fast-folding group [less ▲]

Two-level system coupled to phonons: Full analytical solution

in Physical Review. B (2019), 99

We propose an analytical procedure to fully solve a two-level system coupled to phonons. Instead of using the common formulation in terms of linear and quadratic system-phonon couplings, we introduce ... [more ▼]

We propose an analytical procedure to fully solve a two-level system coupled to phonons. Instead of using the common formulation in terms of linear and quadratic system-phonon couplings, we introduce different phonons depending on the system electronic level. We use this approach to recover known results for the linear-coupling limit in a simple way. More importantly, we derive results for the quadratic coupling induced by a phonon frequency change, a problem considered up to now as not analytically solvable. [less ▲]

Two-phase concurrent sensing and transmission scheme for full duplex cognitive radio

in IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (2016)

A two-phase heuristic for the scheduling of independent tasks on computational grids

in High Performance Computing and Simulation (HPCS), 2011 International Conference on (2011)

Two-stage RGB-based Action Detection using Augmented 3D Poses

in 18th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns SALERNO, 3-5 SEPTEMBER, 2019 (2019)

In this paper, a novel approach for action detection from RGB sequences is proposed. This concept takes advantage of the recent development of CNNs to estimate 3D human poses from a monocular camera. To ... [more ▼]

In this paper, a novel approach for action detection from RGB sequences is proposed. This concept takes advantage of the recent development of CNNs to estimate 3D human poses from a monocular camera. To show the validity of our method, we propose a 3D skeleton-based two-stage action detection approach. For localizing actions in unsegmented sequences, Relative Joint Position (RJP) and Histogram Of Displacements (HOD) are used as inputs to a k-nearest neighbor binary classifier in order to define action segments. Afterwards, to recognize the localized action proposals, a compact Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network with a de-noising expansion unit is employed. Compared to previous RGB-based methods, our approach offers robustness to radial motion, view-invariance and low computational complexity. Results on the Online Action Detection dataset show that our method outperforms earlier RGB-based approaches. [less ▲]

Two-state switchable plasmonic tweezers for dynamic manipulation of nano-objects

in Nanoscale (2020), 12

In this work, we present a plasmonic platform capable of trapping nano-objects in two different spatial configurations. The switch between the two trapping states, localized on the tip and on the outer ... [more ▼]

In this work, we present a plasmonic platform capable of trapping nano-objects in two different spatial configurations. The switch between the two trapping states, localized on the tip and on the outer wall of a vertical gold nanochannel, can be activated by varying the focusing position of the excitation laser along the main axis of the nanotube. We show that the switching of the trapping site is induced by changes in the distribution of the electromagnetic field and of the trapping force. The “inner” and “outer” trapping states are characterized by a static and a dynamic behavior respectively, and their stiffness is measured by analyzing the positions of the trapped specimens as a function of time. In addition, we demonstrate that the stiffness of the static state is high enough to trap particles with diameter as small as 40 nm. These results show a simple, controllable way to generate a switchable two-state trapping regime, which could be used as a model for the study of dynamic trapping or as a mechanism for the development of nanofluidic devices. [less ▲]

A two-step approach to structure the ESPON 2013 DB by themes and sub-themes

Report (2011)