Public Engagement with Web Archives

Scientific Conference (2022, August 17)

With a view to ensuring future access to digital cultural heritage, the first Web collections were established in the mid-1990s. To date there exist for example some 25 national Web archives in Europe ... [more ▼]

With a view to ensuring future access to digital cultural heritage, the first Web collections were established in the mid-1990s. To date there exist for example some 25 national Web archives in Europe that collect and preserve Web material and the Internet Archive has saved 651 billion pages since 1996. However, research projects based on the archived Web rarely engage with or include the general public. There are several reasons for this limited use of Web archives: there is a lack of awareness and a lack of examples demonstrating their value; to use them requires skills that many people do not have; and no quick and easy access is available (Winters, 2017). However, several research projects were developed which are of interest for the general public: some of them have studied national Web ('Probing a nation’s Web sphere — the historical development of the Danish Web' (DK, 2013-), 'Big UK Domain Data for the Arts and Humanities' (UK, 2014-15), etc.), others have focused on the web activity in relation to an event, for instance the terrorist attacks in France (‘Archives sauvegarde attentats Paris' (FR, 2016)). In 2020, a nationally funded researcher network has been established (WARCnet, DK). Web archiving initiatives have also been very reactive during the COVID crisis (and sometimes invited the public to nominate URLs). This resulted in huge national collections and a unique collection of international web archives gathered by the IIPC thanks to the collaboration of more than 30 web archiving institutions (https://archive-it.org/collections/13529). As leaders of and/or participants in several of these initiatives, the proposers aim to stimulate greater involvement of the public with the treasure trove to be found in Web archives. Web archives contain their histories, but these important stories are largely hidden from view. The proposers want to create a frame for developing an ambitious relationship with the public, by identifying the challenges and limits to their involvement in Digital Public History at the level of: - Web archiving How/why could we better include publics in the selection of archived content? What is the added value? What are the constraints (i.e legal deposit)? How can we make information about access to Web archives available and raise public awareness of Web archiving? - Selection and analysis of archives Web archives require good knowledge of the Web archiving process if they are to be used effectively. The identification of scarce existing resources for the general public will be coupled with a perspective on needs and tools. - Dissemination Legal and ethical issues (author rights, gender bias, etc.) must be taken into account and the very notion of what is public must be refined. All these elements advocate for an in-depth reflection and this working group is the starting point for a better inclusion of audiences in the creation/selection, use and enhancement of Web archives. [less ▲]

Public family firms and economic inequality across societies

in Journal of Business Venturing Insights (2023), e00376

Research and public interest on economic inequality have grown over the last years. Family firms and the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few wealthy entrepreneurial families have been ... [more ▼]

Research and public interest on economic inequality have grown over the last years. Family firms and the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few wealthy entrepreneurial families have been discussed as both a cause and a consequence of economic inequality. Yet, so far, we lack knowledge about the relationship between economic inequality and the prevalence of family firms in an economy. Our study investigates how the share of family-controlled public firms correlates with various measures of income and wealth inequality. The results show that a higher share of public family-controlled firms leads to more income inequality in a country. This effect is particularly pronounced for the middle of the income distribution as opposed to the top quantiles. Redistribution only mitigates this effect to some extent, as the effect is significant for market income and disposable income. We also find that a higher share of family-controlled firms contributes to an increase in wealth inequality. Our results are of economic relevance as, for instance, a one standard deviation change in the share of family-controlled firms leads to an increase of around 1.3–1.5 percentage points in the Gini coefficients for market income, disposable income, and wealth. [less ▲]

Public Good and Private Good Valuation for Waiting, Time Reduction: A Laboratory Study

E-print/Working paper (2011)

Public history and transmedia storytelling for conflicting narratives

in Rethinking History (2023)

A Public History of Monuments

in Studies on National Movements (2022), 10(1), 7-43

Public History: A Textbook of Practice

Book published by Routledge - 2nd ed. (2022)

Book Description The second edition of Public History: A Textbook of Practice offers an updated guide to the many opportunities and challenges that public history practitioners can encounter in the field ... [more ▼]

Book Description The second edition of Public History: A Textbook of Practice offers an updated guide to the many opportunities and challenges that public history practitioners can encounter in the field. Historians can play a dynamic and essential role in contributing to public understanding of the past, and those who work in historic preservation, in museums and archives, in government agencies, as consultants, as oral historians, or who manage crowdsourcing projects need very specific skills. This book links theory and practice and provides students and practitioners with the tools to do public history in a wide range of settings. This new edition reflects how much the field of public history has changed in the past few years, with public history now being more established and international. New chapters have therefore been added on the definition, history, and international scope of public history, as well as on specific practices and theories such as historical fictions, digital public history, and shared authority. Split into four sections, this textbook provides approaches, methodologies, and tools for historians and other public history practitioners to play a bigger role in public debates and public productions of historical interpretations: Part I focuses on the past, present, and future of public history. Part II explores public history sources, and offers an overview of the creation, collection, management, and preservation of materials (archives, material culture, oral history, or historical sites). Part III deals with the different ways in which public history practitioners can produce historical narratives through different media (including texts, fictions, audio-visual productions, exhibitions, and performances). Part IV discusses the opportunities and challenges that public history practitioners encounter when working with different collaborators. Whether in public history methods courses or as a resource for practicing public historians, this book lays the groundwork for making meaningful connections between historical sources and popular audiences. Table of Contents 0. Introduction Part I, Public history: Past, present, and future of the field 1. Defining public history 2. A long history of public history 3. Internationalization of public history 4. Collaboration, expertise, and authority: History with publics 5. Digital public history: a promising future Part II, Public history and sources 6. Museums and collections 7. Archiving 8. Historic preservation 9. Oral history Part III, Making public history 10. Public history writing 11. Historical fictions 12. Radio and audio-visual production 13. Exhibiting history 14. Immersion and performance Part IV, Collaboration, uses, and applications of public history 15. Public history teaching 16. Working with under-represented groups and communities 17. Public history, conflicts, and competing narratives 18. Business, policy, justice: Consulting and service Author(s) Biography Thomas Cauvin is ATTRACT-Fellow and Associate Professor of Public History at the Centre for Contemporary and Digital History, University of Luxembourg. He leads the Public History as the New Citizen Science of the Past project (2020–2025) and was the President of the International Federation for Public History from 2018 to 2021. [less ▲]

Public Interest Litigation in France

in In Namen der Verbraucher? Kollektive Rechtsdurchsetzung in Europa (2015)

A Public Key Cryptosystem based on Elliptic Curves over Z/nZ Equivalent to Factoring

in Advances in Cryptology - Eurocrypt '96 (1996)

The paper describes a new cryptosystem for elliptic curves over the ring Z/nZ which is equivalent to the Rabin-Williams cryptosystem. We prove that breaking the new cryptosystem is equivalent to factoring ... [more ▼]

The paper describes a new cryptosystem for elliptic curves over the ring Z/nZ which is equivalent to the Rabin-Williams cryptosystem. We prove that breaking the new cryptosystem is equivalent to factoring the modulus n. [less ▲]

Public Occasion Agency

Book published by AA Books (2012)

POA 1–22 is part of the ongoing archive of activities conducted by the independent event bureau Public Occasion Agency (POA), founded by Jan Nauta and Scrap Marshall at the Architectural Association in ... [more ▼]

POA 1–22 is part of the ongoing archive of activities conducted by the independent event bureau Public Occasion Agency (POA), founded by Jan Nauta and Scrap Marshall at the Architectural Association in 2009. The book is a collection of fragmented documents: previews, photographs, ephemera, reviews, reflections and opinions collated from the first twenty-two POA events. Critical and inquisitive, personal and probing contributions from a variety of authors from across fields and disciplines and with differing agendas here propose a withdrawal from idle commentary and encourage more productive forms of participation. Including essays by Pier Vittorio Aureli, Shumon Basar, Mark Campbell, Barbara-Ann Campbell-Lange, Henderson Downing, David Greene, Samantha Hardingham, Ingrid Schröder, Nicholas Simcik Arese, Silvana Taher, Tom Vandeputte and Carlos Villanueva Brandt [less ▲]

The public role of private actors: Internet service providers in the E-Evidence proposal

E-print/Working paper (2022)