Utilisation de médicaments anti-diabétiques au Grand Duché de Luxembourg

in Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Médicales du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (1991), 2

Utilisation des signes et émergence de sens en mathématiques: le cas du signe "moins"

in Les didactiques des disciplines: spécificités et complémentarités avec d'autres sciences de l'éducation (2009)

L'utilisation du signe négatif et activités de modélisation

in Education & Formation (2013), 298(1),

Les difficultés que les élèves rencontrent avec les nombres négatifs dans les opérations algébriques élémentaires sont actuellement bien connues. Traditionnellement, ces difficultés sont attribuées au ... [more ▼]

Les difficultés que les élèves rencontrent avec les nombres négatifs dans les opérations algébriques élémentaires sont actuellement bien connues. Traditionnellement, ces difficultés sont attribuées au concept même de nombre négatif, considéré comme un « obstacle épistémologique ». Dans cette article, nous proposons une approche explicative basée sur les approches socioculturelles qui définissent une étroite relation entre les « signes » et le sens en mathématiques. Ainsi, nous considérons que l’obstacle des négatifs trouverait davantage son origine dans une utilisation inadéquate du signe « moins » que dans le concept lui-même. Cet article développe une séquence d'apprentissage destinée à promouvoir une utilisation flexible du signe « moins » dans les réductions polynomiales auprès d'élèves de 2e année du secondaire. Cette séquence se fonde sur les approches socioculturelles qui ont conduit à définir des options didactiques basées sur les activités de modélisation des élèves. Dans la séquence, nous proposons l'exploitation de modèles tels que celui de la droite des nombres destinée à donner du sens aux additions d’entiers et celui de cartes utilisées pour assurer une progression dans la symbolisation d'un terme littéral. Dans ce contexte, la question du rôle des modèles traditionnels concrets dans l’enseignement des mathématiques sera abordée. Nos résultats montrent que les élèves peuvent efficacement utiliser les modèles pour donner du sens aux réductions polynomiales élémentaires, dans la mesure où ceux-ci se développent de manière bottom up dans un contexte de co-construction pour répondre aux besoins de communication et d’argumentation de l’activité. [less ▲]

The Utility of Complex Problems in University Selection

Scientific Conference (2014, April 30)

Utility-Based Kalman Filtering for real-time estimation of daily demand flows

Scientific Conference (2018)

Time-dependent Origin-Destination (OD) demand flows are fundamental inputs for Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) systems and real-time traffic management. This work introduces a novel state-space framework ... [more ▼]

Time-dependent Origin-Destination (OD) demand flows are fundamental inputs for Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) systems and real-time traffic management. This work introduces a novel state-space framework to estimate these demand flows in an online context. Specifically, we propose to explicitly include trip-chaining behavior within the state-space formulation, which is solved using the well-established Kalman Filtering technique. While existing works already consider structural information and recursive behavior within the online demand estimation problem, this information has been always considered at the OD level. In this study, we introduce this structural information by explicitly representing trip-chaining within the estimation framework. The advantage is twofold. First, all trips belonging to the same tour can be jointly calibrated. Second, given the estimation during a certain time interval, a prediction of the structural deviation over the whole day can be obtained without the need to run additional simulations. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated first on a toy network and then on a large real-world network. Results show that the model improves the prediction performance with respect to a conventional Kalman Filtering approach. We also show that, on the basis of the estimation of the morning commute, the model can be used to predict the evening commute without need of running additional simulations. [less ▲]

Utilization of Scenarios in European Electricity Policy: The Ten-Year Network Development Plan

in OIES Paper (2018)

The transformation of the European Union’s energy sector poses a number of challenges to the European electricity system. Above all, both the anticipated increase of intermittent electricity from ... [more ▼]

The transformation of the European Union’s energy sector poses a number of challenges to the European electricity system. Above all, both the anticipated increase of intermittent electricity from renewable sources and the completion of the internal energy market while guaranteeing a secure supply require an extensive development of electricity infrastructure at the European level. Nevertheless, Europe’s future electricity system entails numerous uncertainties. For example, the definite amount and the location of both electricity generation and consumption are unpredictable. In order to address these ambiguities, the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) develops the two-yearly Ten-Year Network Development Plan (TYNDP). By exploring different plausible future paths using scenarios, the TYNDP aims to identify key infrastructure projects – namely transmission lines and cross-border interconnectors – for the future electricity system. In this capacity, the TYNDP is the central planning tool for European grid infrastructure. This paper explores whether the TYNDP effectively provides a solid planning foundation for future grid investments. For this end, the TYNDPs 2012-2018 are investigated in the light of European energy policies, and their utilization by stakeholders is scrutinized. The paper argues that an existing policy congruence and the strong link to the Projects of Common Interest (PCI) confine the TYNDP solely to the hardware of the electricity system. This in turn profoundly limits the TYNDP’s effectiveness as a strategic planning tool. Hence, a closer connection to the software components of the anticipated European electricity system – namely the future market design and (European) regulations – would further allow for a holistic planning and evaluation of future electricity infrastructure projects. [less ▲]

Utilizing Dynamic Hazard Knowledge for Risk Sensitive Action Planning of Autonomous Robots

in IEEE Int. Symposium on Robotics and Sensor Environments ROSE, Magdeburg, Germany, 2012 (2012)

Autonomous robots are required to perform tasks in complex and dynamic environments. For this class of systems, traditional safety assuring methods are not satisfying due to the unknown effects of the ... [more ▼]

Autonomous robots are required to perform tasks in complex and dynamic environments. For this class of systems, traditional safety assuring methods are not satisfying due to the unknown effects of the interacting system with an open environment. Briefly speaking: What is not known during the development phase can not be adequately considered. In order to tackle this problem, it is proposed to extend the safety measures with the so-called dynamic risk assessment. Therefore, the anticipatory capability of a Cognitive Technical System, the so-called mental action space, is utilized. The mental action space, a learned internal representation for possible courses of action, is dynamically assessed. The proposed dynamic risk assessment module provides this functionality. The core are quantitative risk models, so-called ‘safety principles’, which can be specified during the system’s design stage without losing the possibility to be adjusted or extended during the system’s operating time. Finally, an exemplary application of the approach shows a robot, enabled to safely plan and perform its tasks concerning risks arising due to interaction of robot and environment. [less ▲]

Utopisches Schreiben über Gender und Bildung - eine experimentelle Arbeit über experimentelle Diskurse

in KULT_online (2013), 36

A UX Approach to Privacy and Security: the Impact of User, Contextual and System-Related Factors

in CHI Workshop Exploring Individual Diffferences in Privacy (2018, April)

This position paper lays out current and future studies which we conduct on the UX aspects of security and privacy, our goal being to understand which factors influence privacy-related decision-making. We ... [more ▼]

This position paper lays out current and future studies which we conduct on the UX aspects of security and privacy, our goal being to understand which factors influence privacy-related decision-making. We advocate using UX design methods in order to study interindividual differences, system-related and contextual factors involved in privacy and security attitudes and behaviors. These results will contribute to user-tailored and personalized privacy initiatives and guide the design of future technologies. [less ▲]

V wie Verschiebung

Article for general public (2012)