Pre-Hurricane Consumer Stockpiling and Post- Hurricane Product Availability: Empirical Evidence from Natural Experiments

in Production and Operations Management (2020), 29(10), 2350-2380

The provision of essential supplies is a key service provided by retailers when demand spikes due to consumer stockpiling during environmental emergencies. Moreover, it is important for retailers to ... [more ▼]

The provision of essential supplies is a key service provided by retailers when demand spikes due to consumer stockpiling during environmental emergencies. Moreover, it is important for retailers to quickly recover from these events by replenishing the stock of essential supplies to meet the continuing needs of local residents. The main purpose of this research is to study consumer precautionary stockpiling behavior prior to the onset of hurricane landfalls and determine the impact of this behavior on in-store product availability for various formats of retail store outlets. Specifically, we focus on the bottled water product category, an essential emergency category in hurricane preparedness. This study combines an event analysis methodology with econometric models using archival retail scanner data from 60 U.S. retail chains located in 963 counties and real-time data from four recent U.S. continental hurricanes. We find that supply-side characteristics (retail network and product variety), demand-side characteristics (hurricane experience and household income), and disaster characteristics (hazard proximity and hazard intensity) significantly affect consumer stockpiling propensity as the hurricanes approach. The increased consumer stockpiling has immediate and longer-term impacts on retail operations, namely, in-store product availability. Among various retail formats, drug stores are associated with the highest consumer stockpiling propensity before hurricanes, while dollar stores and discount stores are associated with the lowest in-store product availability following hurricanes. Our study points to the need for retailers and policymakers to carefully monitor factors affecting consumer stockpiling behavior that will allow for better allocation of critical supplies during the hurricane season. [less ▲]

A pre-literary intervention in a multilingual setting.

Poster (2015, September)

Pre-primary Education in Mauritius: Perspectives on Play for Development in Diversified Contexts

Report (2009)

Pre-service teachers and classroom teachers learning together: A collaborative teacher education program

in Excelsior: Leadership in Teaching and Learning (2007), 1(2), 39-48

The field-based science methods course described in this paper uses a professional development school to enhance the professional practices of classroom teachers, pre-service teachers, and college faculty ... [more ▼]

The field-based science methods course described in this paper uses a professional development school to enhance the professional practices of classroom teachers, pre-service teachers, and college faculty alike. Participants work together to develop and teach inquiry-based science in a fourth-grade classroom. This article describes how participants are immersed in the teaching and learning of science. [less ▲]

Pre-service teachers' beliefs about mathematics teaching and learning in preschool

Scientific Conference (2015)

Pre-shaping Bursty Transmissions under IEEE802.1Q as a Simple and Efficient QoS Mechanism

in Proc. WCX World Congress Experience (2018, April)

The automotive industry is swiftly moving towards Ethernet as the high-speed communication network for in-vehicle communication. There is nonetheless a need for protocols that go beyond what standard ... [more ▼]

The automotive industry is swiftly moving towards Ethernet as the high-speed communication network for in-vehicle communication. There is nonetheless a need for protocols that go beyond what standard Ethernet has to offer in order to provide additional QoS to demanding applications such as ADAS systems or audio/video streaming. The main protocols currently considered for that purpose are IEEE802.1Q, AVB with the Credit Based Shaper mechanism (IEEE802.1Qav) and TSN with its Time-Aware Shaper (IEEE802.1Qbv). AVB/CBS and TSN/TAS both provide efficient QoS mechanisms and they can be used in a combined manner, which offers many possibilities to the designer. Their use however requires dedicated hardware and software components, and clock synchronization in the case of TAS. Previous studies have also shown that the efficiency of these protocols depends much on the application at hand and the value of the configuration parameters. In this work, we explore the use of “pre-shaping” strategies under IEEE802.1Q for bursty traffic such as audio/video streams as a simple and efficient alternative to AVB/CBS and TSN/TAS. Pre-shaping means inserting on the sender side “well-chosen” pauses between successive frames of a transmission burst (e.g., as it happens when sending a camera frame), all the other characteristics of the traffic remaining unchanged. We show on an automotive case-study how the use of pre-shaping for audio/video streams leads to a drastic reduction of the communication latencies for the best-effort streams while enabling to meet the timing constraints for the rest of the traffic. We then discuss the limitations of the pre-shaping mechanism and future works needed to facilitate its adoption. [less ▲]

Preassociative aggregation functions

in Laurent, Anne; Strauss, Olivier; Bouchon-Meunier, Bernadette (Eds.) et al 15th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, IPMU 2014, Montpellier, France, July 15-19, 2014. Proceedings, Part III (2014, July 22)

We investigate the associativity property for varying-arity aggregation functions and introduce the more general property of preassociativity, a natural extension of associativity. We discuss this new ... [more ▼]

We investigate the associativity property for varying-arity aggregation functions and introduce the more general property of preassociativity, a natural extension of associativity. We discuss this new property and describe certain classes of preassociative functions. [less ▲]

Preassociativity for aggregation functions

Scientific Conference (2014, June 16)

Precarious Selves in Contemporary British War Novels

in Korte, Barbara; Régard, Frédéric (Eds.) Narrating 'Precariousness': Modes, Media, Ethics (2014)

This essay takes its cue from Butler's notion of precariousness, delineated in her study Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence (2004). But while Butler is concerned with the events of 9/11 ... [more ▼]

This essay takes its cue from Butler's notion of precariousness, delineated in her study Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence (2004). But while Butler is concerned with the events of 9/11 as the US-American seminal catastrophe of the early twenty-first century, this essay focuses on fictional representations of WWI and WWII, the two wars which turned out to determine European and, indeed, World politics throughout the twentieth century. The novels discussed in this essay are examples of how fictional texts of both the twentieth and the twenty-first centuries are involved in critically (re)evaluating the British perspective on these two wars which can be described, each for its own particular cultural, political and ideological reasons, as having exposed the precariousness of human existence. Pat Barker's Regeneration trilogy (1991-1995) is engaged in demythologizing WWI as a 'great' war. A.L. Kennedy’s Day (2007) is concerned with undermining the notion of WWII as a 'just' war the British fought in defence of civilization and humanity. Each novel problematizes the damaging effects which the inhumane conditions of industrial warfare have on human psychic stability. Both Barker's trilogy and Kennedy's novel feature protagonists whose traumatic war experiences have caused them to develop split personalities; and it is with the help of these characters' mental instabilities that the texts negotiate the precarious consequences entailed in a self's complete loss of control and power over one's own well-being. Next to discussing each author's particular representational strategy of narrating her protagonist's split into self and internal other, the essay also analyses the different ideological agendas underlying Barker's and Kennedy's texts. As the essay shows, both writers' protagonists strive to reconcile self and internal other in order to reaffirm their identities. But while Kennedy's Day is indebted to liberal humanism in its celebration of 'high' art and its supposed unifying effects on human Selfhood, Barker's novels suggest a reconciliation of traumatized self and internal other which is best analysed through the lens of Levinasian ethics. The Regeneration trilogy, the essay argues, privileges a concept of dual, if not multiple selfhood by representing healing as the ethical acceptance of difference, not its repression or expulsion. Thus, Barker's novels defy the violence which, according to Levinas, comes from subjecting the other to the self's understanding. [less ▲]

Précision de l´avis d´orientation: une analyse de l´effet de la responsabilité

Scientific Conference (2013, January)