Des espaces verts pour une ville durable: quelle demande? Les cas de Bruxelles et Luxembourg

Conference given outside the academic context (2017)

Des fonctions de la procédure dans le droit économique européen

in Revue Internationale de Droit Economique (2015)

Des havres de tolérance ? Mythes et réalités de la coexistence interreligieuse aux Pays-Bas et en Angleterre

Scientific Conference (2009)

Des héros à sortir de l'anonymat

Article for general public (2016)

Weekly column on contemporary history ("L'histoire du temps présent") in Luxembourg newspaper Tageblatt, here on non-recognition of foreign members of resistance by Luxembourg authorities after the war

Des hommes ordinaires

Article for general public (2017)

DES INÉGALITÉS SOCIALES AUX DÉCÈS PAR SURDOSE AU SEIN DES USAGERS DE DROGUES ILLICITES

Doctoral thesis (2015)

Illicit and licit drugs’ misuse poses a serious threat to the health, safety and well-being of mankind. Social and health correlates of drug misuse are numerous and many of these can be reduced or avoided ... [more ▼]

Illicit and licit drugs’ misuse poses a serious threat to the health, safety and well-being of mankind. Social and health correlates of drug misuse are numerous and many of these can be reduced or avoided by improved prevention and intervention strategies. Our research analyses the association between socioeconomic inequalities and drug-related mortality. Four complementary studies have been conducted and the following results are to be stressed. Absolute national prevalence and prevalence rates of problem drug users have been increasing between 1997 and 2000 and declining from 2003 onwards. Luxembourg, with 6.16 problem drug users per 1,000 inhabitants aged between 15 and 64 years, is ranking among the 5 Member states showing the highest prevalence within the EU. In terms of drug-related mortality, 1.7 and 2.2 acute overdoses per 100,000 inhabitants have been registered nationally in 2011 and 2012, respectively. At EU level, Luxembourg stood for one of the highest fatal overdose rates in 2000, whereas in 2009 its prevalence fell below the EU average rate. Gender revealed to be a risk factor of drug-related mortality. We showed that the burden of deaths caused by fatal overdoses on the general national mortality was significantly higher for men compared with women. However, it appeared that female overdose victims whiteness remarkably different drug use patterns and trajectories than their male peers. Also, the time window between the onset of illicit drug use and its fatal outcome revealed to be shorter for women versus men included in our study. Early intervention in female drug users, routine involvement of first line health care providers and increased attention to poly- and psychotropic prescription drugs’ use might contribute to preventing premature drug-related death and reducing gender differences. Social and economic status of drug users impact on the occurrence of fatal overdoses. However, actual and self-referred socioeconomic characteristics of drug users may have a greater predictive value than the parental socioeconomic situation. Individual socioeconomic achievements seem to be more determinant in this context than trans-generational social status baggage. Our results suggest that measures aiming at improving educational levels, promoting vocational training and facilitating socio-professional (re)integration of drug users should, beyond their general objective of social insertion, completing conventional harm reduction strategies in order to increase their impact on public health, and eventually on the prevention of drug-related mortality. Our final study explored the cumulative effect of socioeconomic disadvantages on the probability of dying from an overdose of illicit drugs. Results showed that the risk of fatal overdoses increases proportionally with the accumulation of socioeconomic disadvantages and that, likewise in general morbidity and mortality, a social gradient seems also to be at stake when it comes to overdose-related mortality. These results suggest that any measure aiming at reducing social disparities may have a positive and dynamic impact that, even if isolated or targeted, counter the negative cumulative effect in terms of survival. Harm reduction services should integrate socially supportive offers, not only because of their general aim of social reintegration but crucially in order to meet their most important objective, that is to reduce drug-related mortality. This said, social parameters should not be seen as independent determinants and even more so should the concept of social inequalities be widened when applied to drug-related mortality. Although, the social status seems to hold a major role here, family, social and societal environments, as well as migration and acculturation contexts, also with a view on gender disparities, are at play in the attempt to explain differences in terms of morbidity and mortality. The future challenges for research will lie in the capacity to take into account the various demographical and societal mutations that next generations will experience and the way they will, or will not, succeed to share resources and distribute wealth in a ‘ healthy ’ way. [less ▲]

Des magistratures économiques à la régulation judiciaire

in Revue Internationale de Droit Economique (2014)

Des nouvelles formes de dénouage de R.S.I. dans le discours scolaire: nouveaux défis à l'école

Scientific Conference (2018, November 10)

Des personnages et des hommes dans la ville : géographies littéraires et sociales

Book published by Peter Lang (2014)

Les diverses facettes de la ville se donnent à voir non seulement à travers les travaux des sociologues, des historiens, des géographes, mais également à travers la littérature. En croisant ces approches ... [more ▼]

Les diverses facettes de la ville se donnent à voir non seulement à travers les travaux des sociologues, des historiens, des géographes, mais également à travers la littérature. En croisant ces approches, les auteurs renouvellent l’éclairage critique des notions de lieu et de non-lieu, d’habitable et d’inhabitable, d’entre-soi, de désaffiliation, ou encore d’errance. Cette approche de l’urbain fait appel aux données de la mémoire orale et s’ancre dans une histoire des traces, dans l’infra-historique et dans les représentations de la spatialité intime. La première partie du livre réévalue la place de l’individu dans les conurbations industrielles et postindustrielles. La deuxième est consacrée à l’examen des réseaux urbains et à la mise en perspective littéraire de quartiers emblématiques, alors que la troisième traite des processus « d’infection » et de « contamination » à l’œuvre dans les centres urbains et analyse les mécanismes d’innovation et de blocage sociaux et linguistiques. Dans la quatrième partie, sont examinées les frontières symboliques et la déconstruction du tissu social traditionnel dans le Montbéliard des années soixante, de même que les destinées d’un groupe d’ouvriers dans la vallée du Doubs en voie d’industrialisation ; enfin, un fait-divers criminel exemplaire éclaire les modalités de la cohabitation houleuse entre sédentaires et gens du voyage dans la seconde moitié du siècle industriel. [less ▲]

Des pratiques de collaboration école-famille-communauté et d'implication parentale efficaces

in Revue Internationale de l'Education Familiale (2015)