How do policy instruments generate new ones Analysing policy instruments feedback and interaction in educational research in England, 1986-2014

in Research Policy (2021)

Is This Time Different? How Digitalization Influences Job Creation and Destruction

in Research Policy (2019), 48(8),

With the process of digitalization now in full swing, many are wondering how the adoption of new technologies influences job creation and destruction. Much hinges upon the specific tasks that machines ... [more ▼]

With the process of digitalization now in full swing, many are wondering how the adoption of new technologies influences job creation and destruction. Much hinges upon the specific tasks that machines take on and how many new tasks are created through the adoption of new digital technologies. Some argue that most tasks that are at risk of automation are those performed by rather low- to medium-skilled employees, while most new tasks that emerge from the adoption of digital technologies complement high-skilled labor. We present evidence derived from representative survey data from Switzerland that is consistent with this view. Specifically, we find that increased investment in digitalization is associated with increased employment of high-skilled workers and reduced employment of low-skilled workers, with a slightly positive net effect. The main effects are almost entirely driven by firms that employ machine-based digital technologies, e.g. robots, 3D printing or the Internet of Things. We do not find any significant employment effects when non-machine-based digital technologies are considered, e.g. ERP, e-commerce or cooperation support systems. [less ▲]

Ownership Concentration and the Innovativeness of Corporate Ventures

in Research Policy (2018)

Why do SMEs file trademarks? Insights from firms in innovative industries

in Research Policy (2015), 44(10), 1915-1930

Trademark filings have increased markedly over time. Although prior research has investigated the out-comes of trademark registration, including its effects on firm market valuation and productivity ... [more ▼]

Trademark filings have increased markedly over time. Although prior research has investigated the out-comes of trademark registration, including its effects on firm market valuation and productivity, little isknown about why firms file trademarks. However, to interpret the increase in trademark filings and itseconomic effects, it is important to know and understand why firms file trademarks. Because trademarksare particularly important to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), this study analyzes trademark-ing motives using a survey of 600 SMEs in innovative industries. An exploratory factor analysis yieldsthree distinct motives: protection, marketing, and exchange. A cluster analysis reveals four distinct clus-ters of firms with respect to the three trademarking motives. A comparison of these clusters revealssignificant differences in several industry- and firm-level characteristics, including participation in ser-vice industries and relationships with external parties. Implications for research on SMEs, trademarks,and intellectual property management are discussed. [less ▲]

Outside Directors on the Board and Innovative Firm Performance

in Research Policy (2014)

Costs and Benefits of Inter-Departmental Innovation Collaboration

in Research Policy (2011)

Inter-departmental innovation collaboration facilitates innovation performance. At the same time, it has been identified as a source of increased coordination costs. Using organizational information ... [more ▼]

Inter-departmental innovation collaboration facilitates innovation performance. At the same time, it has been identified as a source of increased coordination costs. Using organizational information processing theory, this paper builds and tests hypotheses on the costs and benefits of innovation-related collaboration within firms. Based on a sample of 433 German manufacturing firms we show interdepartmental innovation collaboration to increase process innovation performance, but also to produce costs in terms of project delay and project termination. These costs, however, do not affect innovation performance at the firm level. This finding suggests firms to be well able to balance the costs and benefits of inter-departmental collaboration across their innovation project portfolio. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. [less ▲]