Restrained eating predicts increased autonomic reactivity during food exposure in young women

in Psychology and Health (2013, August 02), 28

Intergenerational relations in the light of migration and ageing

in Psychology and Health (2013, July), 28(SI Supplement: 1), 164

Ageing and migration constitute two current key issues in Europe. Regarding potential physical and functional impairments in old age, individuals have to rely on support and care from their families and ... [more ▼]

Ageing and migration constitute two current key issues in Europe. Regarding potential physical and functional impairments in old age, individuals have to rely on support and care from their families and/or on assistance from the public sector. As first generation immigrants now approach retirement age in many European countries, the question how their families will deal with issues of old-age care gains increasingly importance. In the present study, a cross-cultural comparison of altogether N = 120 Portuguese and Luxembourgish triads of older parents and their adult children, both living in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, is envisaged. Firstly, we will examine similarities and differences in identity constructions of older parents and their adult children. Secondly, we will investigate how intergenerational relations are regulated in migrant compared to nonmigrant families. Finally, we will explore how these aspects influence subjective well-being (SWB) of older individuals. Qualitative and quantitative methods will be applied. [less ▲]

Effects of and Attention to Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packages

in Psychology and Health (2013), 28

Objective: The present study investigates the effects of graphic cigarette warnings compared to text-only cigarette warnings on smokers’ explicit (i.e. ratings of the packages, cognitions about smoking ... [more ▼]

Objective: The present study investigates the effects of graphic cigarette warnings compared to text-only cigarette warnings on smokers’ explicit (i.e. ratings of the packages, cognitions about smoking, perceived health risk, quit intentions) and implicit attitudes. In addition, participants’ visual attention towards the graphic warnings was recorded using eye-tracking methodology. Design and methods: Sixty-three smokers participated in the present study and either viewed graphic cigarette warnings with aversive and non-aversive images or text-only warnings. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Results: Especially, graphic cigarette warnings with aversive content drew attention and elicited high threat. However, whereas attention directed to the textual information of the graphic warnings predicted smokers’ risk perceptions, attention directed to the images of the graphic warnings did not. Moreover, smokers’ in the graphic warning condition reported more positive cognitions about smoking, thus revealing cognitive dissonance. Conclusion: Smokers employ defensive psychological mechanisms when confronted with threatening warnings. Although aversive images attract attention, they do not promote health knowledge. Implications for graphic health warnings and the importance of taking their content (i.e. aversive vs. non-aversive images) into account are discussed. [less ▲]

Hands-off the cookie-jar: Success and failure in the self-regulation of eating behaviour

in Psychology and Health (2012), 27(sup1), 20-20

Doctor’s view on doctor-patient-communication in a multilingual and multicultural setting.

in Psychology and Health (2012), 27(Sup1), 12-12

Which Caregiving esteem for which Gender ?

in Psychology and Health (2012), 27(suppl 1), 170-171

Background: Two years after stroke, are the factors of the esteem of caregiving the same by gender? Methods: Face-to-face questionnaires administered to 92 Luxembourgish and Portuguese stroke patients and ... [more ▼]

Background: Two years after stroke, are the factors of the esteem of caregiving the same by gender? Methods: Face-to-face questionnaires administered to 92 Luxembourgish and Portuguese stroke patients and their 67 men and 25 women caregivers. For each sex, a multiple regression entering:- Neurological impairments,- Patients’ and caregivers’ life satisfaction [1;10],- Reactions towards caregiving: esteem (dependent variable), lack of family support, impacts on finances, schedule and health (Caregiver Reaction Assessment subscales),- Confidence in information subscale from the Carer Satisfaction Community Services. Results: Caregivers with a high caregiving esteem are, in women: those who trust information from community services ( ¼0.412***) and care for patients keeping few sensory impairments ( ¼0.300**; R2adj.¼0.257); in men : those who are low impacted on their health ( ¼0.471*) and care for patients satisfied with life ( ¼0.371; R2adj.¼0.447). Discussion: Home-based rehabilitation can be sustained by developing men and women caregivers’ specific health capabilities. [less ▲]

Is less really more? Involving or not involving tumor patients in medical decisions: A patients’ perspective.

in Psychology and Health (2011), 26 (2)

Is less really more? Involving or not involving tumour patients in medical decisions: A patients’ perspective Martine Hoffmann, Sophie Recchia and Dieter Ferring Throughout the western industrialised ... [more ▼]

Is less really more? Involving or not involving tumour patients in medical decisions: A patients’ perspective Martine Hoffmann, Sophie Recchia and Dieter Ferring Throughout the western industrialised countries, shared decision-making is gaining increasing attention in the area of health policy as well as in the field of oncology. However, little is known about the current practice in Siberia and its impact on patient outcomes so far. This study thus aimed at (a) exploring patients’ level of satisfaction with information giving and treatment involvement and (b) identifying key psychosocial and disease-related determinants interrelated with the decision-making process. The sample comprised 172 in-patients treated for different types of cancer. Cross-tap analyses showed that in 70% of the reported cases, medical decision-making was in line with patients’ wishes: thereof 40% of the respondents preferred a paternalistic style and 30% opted for a shared-decision-making approach. Of those patients who were dissatisfied with medical decision-making, 80% wished a higher degree of involvement. Implications of these findings for the development and use of decision support tools are discussed. [less ▲]

The configurations of a therapeutic failure with children of marginalised Roma families: for transcultural approach.

in Psychology and Health (2011), 26(suppl 2), 165

Background: Alin (born in 1993, Timisoara, Rumania) is the elder son of a Roma family settled for ten years in France, having heavy psychomotor and cognitive deficiencies. Method: Case study of Alin’s ... [more ▼]

Background: Alin (born in 1993, Timisoara, Rumania) is the elder son of a Roma family settled for ten years in France, having heavy psychomotor and cognitive deficiencies. Method: Case study of Alin’s psychotherapeutic trajectory. Findings. Socio-cultural representations of mental handicaps, intrafamilial relationships and personal history are interactive determinants of psychological accompaniment and healthcare provision. Mental healthcare team in charge of Alin misconceived in the relations of care: the central role played by the particular status family network attributes to the person with mental handicap and the articulation between diversity, difference and inequality in the family’s experience of mental handicap and its care. Discussion: In socio-culturally diverse contexts, the quality of relations of care depends on professionals’ capability to develop socio-culturally sensitive and responsive to beneficiaries’ needs psychotherapeutics. Transcultural approach is not effective unless it is integrated to conventional psychological practice, and a collaborative work is settled with the concerned professionals of social work and associative sectors. [less ▲]

Two years post-stroke, predictors of survivors’ life satisfaction: common associations between Luxembourg and Portugal.

in Psychology and Health (2011), 26(suppl 2), 90

Two years post-stroke, we analysed the survivors’ LS by looking at its associations with their QoL and their informal caregivers’ QoL and drawing from a national survey in Luxembourg (LU) and a Braganc¸a ... [more ▼]

Two years post-stroke, we analysed the survivors’ LS by looking at its associations with their QoL and their informal caregivers’ QoL and drawing from a national survey in Luxembourg (LU) and a Braganc¸a district survey in Portugal (PT). Method: Face-to-face structured interviews at home. Findings: For LU, the 94 stroke survivors’ LS was linked with all survivors’ Newsqol (Newscstle Stroke-Specific Quality of Life)* dimensions, with strong links for feelings and sleep. No association was observed with their 62 caregivers’ Whoqol-bref domains. For PT, the 50 survivors’ LS was correlated with all Newsqol’ dimensions (except vision) with strong relations for mobility, self-care, feelings and sleep, and with all 46 caregivers’ Whoqol-bref domains (physical, psychological, environmental and social relationships). Discussion: Common associations exist with stronger links for PT. Survivors’ QoL is a predictor of LS which is a useful patient-centred marker for the practice of the psychologists who develop family interventions and counselling programmes. [less ▲]

Yes I can: The Role of self-efficacy in diabetes care

in Psychology and Health (2010), 25(1), 137-376

Based on the assumptions of social cognitive theory and self-regulation theory, the present study aimed at exploring psychosocial factors in self-care of diabetes (Edgar & Skinner, 2003; Iannotti et al ... [more ▼]

Based on the assumptions of social cognitive theory and self-regulation theory, the present study aimed at exploring psychosocial factors in self-care of diabetes (Edgar & Skinner, 2003; Iannotti et al., 2006; Nouwen et al., 2009). The study sample comprised N 1⁄4 99 patients with type 1 diabetes aged between 12 and 39 years. Participants completed the diabetes self-efficacy scale, the brief illness perceptions questionnaire, the WHO-five index and the summary of diabetes self-care activities scale. Results showed that illness perceptions (i.e. perceived consequences (r1⁄4􏰆0.28), personal control (r1⁄40.24), treatment control (r1⁄40.27), compre- hension (r1⁄40.27) and emotional response (r1⁄40.27)), as well as well-being (r1⁄40.42) and perceived diabetes self-efficacy (r 1⁄4 0.55) were significantly correlated with self-care. Furthermore, stepwise regression analyses elucidated self-efficacy (􏰈1⁄40.44) to be the most powerful predictor of self-care, as illness perceptions and well-being became non significant when introducing self-efficacy. Moreover, self-efficacy completely mediated the effect of well- being on self-care (Sobel t 1⁄4 3.74, p50.01). As for clinical implications of these results, it can be suggested that a stronger emphasise should be given on fostering patients’ confidence in their ability to effectively manage their diabetes. [less ▲]