References of "2020"
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See detailOn Performance Characterization of Cascaded Multiwire-PLC/MIMO-RF Communication System
Ai, Yun; Kong, Long UL; Cheffena, Michael et al

E-print/Working paper (2020)

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See detailExploring chemical compound space with quantum-based machine learning
O. Anatole von Lilienfeld; Klaus- Robert Müller; Tkatchenko, Alexandre UL

in Nature Reviews. Chemistry (2020)

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See detailThe neural signature of numerosity by separating numerical and continuous magnitude extraction in visual cortex with frequency-tagged EEG.
Van Rinsveld, Amandine; Guillaume, Mathieu; Kohler, Peter J. et al

in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2020), 117(11), 5726-5732

The ability to handle approximate quantities, or number sense, has been recurrently linked to mathematical skills, although the nature of the mechanism allowing to extract numerical information (i.e ... [more ▼]

The ability to handle approximate quantities, or number sense, has been recurrently linked to mathematical skills, although the nature of the mechanism allowing to extract numerical information (i.e., numerosity) from environmental stimuli is still debated. A set of objects is indeed not only characterized by its numerosity but also by other features, such as the summed area occupied by the elements, which often covary with numerosity. These intrinsic relations between numerosity and nonnumerical magnitudes led some authors to argue that numerosity is not independently processed but extracted through a weighting of continuous magnitudes. This view cannot be properly tested through classic behavioral and neuroimaging approaches due to these intrinsic correlations. The current study used a frequency-tagging EEG approach to separately measure responses to numerosity as well as to continuous magnitudes. We recorded occipital responses to numerosity, total area, and convex hull changes but not to density and dot size. We additionally applied a model predicting primary visual cortex responses to the set of stimuli. The model output was closely aligned with our electrophysiological data, since it predicted discrimination only for numerosity, total area, and convex hull. Our findings thus demonstrate that numerosity can be independently processed at an early stage in the visual cortex, even when completely isolated from other magnitude changes. The similar implicit discrimination for numerosity as for some continuous magnitudes, which correspond to basic visual percepts, shows that both can be extracted independently, hence substantiating the nature of numerosity as a primary feature of the visual scene. [less ▲]

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See detailThe assessment of collaborative problem solving in PISA 2015: Can computer agents replace humans?
Herborn, Katharina; Stadler, Matthias; Mustafic, Maida et al

in Computers in Human Behavior (2020)

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See detailOvercome of bed-joint imperfections and improvement of actual contact in dry-stacked masonry
Chewe Ngapeya, Gelen Gael UL; Waldmann, Danièle UL

in Construction and Building Materials (2020)

Several researchers studied dry-stacked masonry walls (DSM) and inferred that the actual contact surface between the different block rows and the compressive strength in such walls are reduced by bed ... [more ▼]

Several researchers studied dry-stacked masonry walls (DSM) and inferred that the actual contact surface between the different block rows and the compressive strength in such walls are reduced by bed-joint imperfections as well as by height differences between different masonry blocks leading both to high stress concentration. This paper concentrates on the first type on imperfections. Through experimental tests, it analyses the influence of bed-joint roughness on the load bearing capacity and investigates a strategy to improve the load-bearing capacity of DSM by placing an additional horizontal layer on the top face of raw masonry blocks. First, different contact layers using conventional and auxetic materials were applied. Then 20 dry-stacked masonry prisms built with raw and improved masonry blocks were tested under axial compressive load until failure. Prescale Fujifilm strips were used to measure the actual contact in the bed-joints. Experimental tests show that the use of a contact layer with well-defined material properties enables firstly to increase the actual contact area in the bed-joints from 23% to 98% of the nominal contact area and secondly to increase the load-bearing capacity by 14 to 97%. In addition, the contact layer with an auxetic material shows a significant capacity in altering the lateral expansion in the block units. The outcomes show that although the bed joint roughness influences the stress distribution in a dry-stacked masonry block, a contact layer with well-defined material properties enables to overcome the roughness induced by the bed-joint imperfections. [less ▲]

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See detailNASCO: A New Method and Program to Generate Dot Arrays for Non-Symbolic Number Comparison Tasks
Guillaume, Mathieu; Schiltz, Christine UL; Rinsveld, Amandine Van

in Journal of Numerical Cognition (2020), 6(1), 129--147

Basic numerical abilities are generally assumed to influence more complex cognitive processes involving numbers, such as mathematics. Yet measuring non-symbolic number abilities remains challenging due to ... [more ▼]

Basic numerical abilities are generally assumed to influence more complex cognitive processes involving numbers, such as mathematics. Yet measuring non-symbolic number abilities remains challenging due to the intrinsic correlation between numerical and non-numerical dimensions of any visual scene. Several methods have been developed to generate non-symbolic stimuli controlling for the latter aspects but they tend to be difficult to replicate or implement. In this study, we describe the NASCO method, which is an extension to the method popularized by Dehaene, Izard, and Piazza (2005). Their procedure originally controlled for two visual dimensions that are mediated by Number: Total Area and Item Size (i.e., N = TA/IS). Here, we additionally propose to control for another twofold dimension related to the array extent, which is also mediated by Number: Convex Hull Area and Mean Occupancy (i.e., N = CH/MO). We illustrate the NASCO method with a MATLAB app—NASCO app—that allows easy generation of dot arrays for a visually controlled assessment of non-symbolic numerical abilities. Results from a numerical comparison task revealed that the introduction of this twofold dimension manipulation substantially affected young adults’ performance. In particular, we did not replicate the relation between non-symbolic number abilities and arithmetic skills. Our findings open the debate about the reliability of previous results that did not take into account visual features related to the array extent. We then discuss the strengths of NASCO method to assess numerical ability, as well as the benefits of its straightforward implementation in NASCO app for researchers. [less ▲]

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See detailOrdinos: A Verifiable Tally-Hiding E-Voting System
Mueller, Johannes UL

in Küsters, Ralf; Liedtke, Julian; Mueller, Johannes (Eds.) et al IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (2020)

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See detailSoK: Techniques for Verifiable Mix Nets
Mueller, Johannes UL

in Haines, Thomas; Mueller, Johannes (Eds.) IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (2020)

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See detailRelative Productivity and Search Unemployment in an Open Economy
Bertinelli, Luisito UL; Cardi, Olivier; Restout, Romain

in Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control (2020), 117

Using a panel of eighteen OECD countries, we find empirically that the long-run effects of higher productivity of tradables relative to non-tradables vary across time, space and stages of the business ... [more ▼]

Using a panel of eighteen OECD countries, we find empirically that the long-run effects of higher productivity of tradables relative to non-tradables vary across time, space and stages of the business cycle. More specifically, our evidence reveals that elasticities of the relative wage and relative price of non-tradables with respect to relative productivity of tradables increase over time. Our estimates also show that the fall in the relative wage is more pronounced whilst the appreciation in the relative price is less in countries where labor markets are more regulated and during periods of recession. To rationalize the evidence, we differentiate between labor mobility costs caused by job search efforts and hiring costs resulting from search frictions in the labor market in a two-sector open economy model. While time-declining labor mobility costs can account for the time-increasing effects of a productivity differential, international differences in labor market regulation and variations of hiring costs across the business cycle, respectively, can rationalize the cross-country and state-dependent effects we estimate empirically. Finally, labor market frictions have important implications for sectoral unemployment since labor mobility and hiring costs bias labor demand toward the traded sector which results in a greater decline in unemployment in tradables relative to unemployment in non-tradables following higher relative productivity. [less ▲]

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See detailDoes eliminating international profit shifting increase tax revenue in high-tax countries?
Pieretti, Patrice UL; Pulina, Giuseppe

in Economic Modelling (2020), 93

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See detailReading Aloud in Human-Computer Interaction: How Spatial Distribution of Digital Text Units at an Interactive Tabletop Contributes to the Participants’ Shared Understanding
Heuser, Svenja UL; Arend, Béatrice UL; Sunnen, Patrick UL

in Staphanidis, Constantine; Kurosu, Masaaki; Degen, Helmut (Eds.) et al HCI International 2020 - Late Breaking Papers: Multimodality and Intelligence (2020)

This paper is concerned with how the spatial distribution of written informings in a serious game activity at an interactive tabletop (ITT) induces participants to read aloud interactionally relevant ... [more ▼]

This paper is concerned with how the spatial distribution of written informings in a serious game activity at an interactive tabletop (ITT) induces participants to read aloud interactionally relevant information to each other in the process of co-constructing a shared understanding. Engaging in an unfamiliar game activity, the participants are all equally dependent on written informings from the interface that serve as a game manual and provide crucial information for jointly achieving the game task(s). When it comes to making use of these written informings, we find the participants to read them aloud, making them accountable within the group. Our findings from multimodal video analysis of two reading-aloud cases suggest that the written informing’s directionality and distribution (here, either designed as ‘distributed’ or ‘shared’ among the interface) regulate the participants’ access to information. And that participants who cannot visually access the information they are interested in reading (aloud) co-organize fine-grained joint successive actions build on and actualized by read-aloud utterances. These joint actions allow them to align their orientation and share their understanding of game activity-relevant content. [less ▲]

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See detailQuality of Work – Project. Forschungsbericht zur Erhebungswelle 2019
Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

E-print/Working paper (2020)

Der „Quality of Work Index Luxembourg“ (QoW)-Survey, der von der Universität Luxemburg und der luxemburgischen Chambre des Salariés konzipiert wurde, wurde 2019 zum siebten Mal durchgeführt. Ziel des ... [more ▼]

Der „Quality of Work Index Luxembourg“ (QoW)-Survey, der von der Universität Luxemburg und der luxemburgischen Chambre des Salariés konzipiert wurde, wurde 2019 zum siebten Mal durchgeführt. Ziel des Surveys ist es, die erlebte Arbeitssituation und -qualität luxemburgischer Arbeitnehmer zu erfassen. Der vorliegende Bericht dokumentiert die psychometrische Testung der Güte des aktuellen Erhebungsinstruments. In einem ersten Schritt erfolgt eine Beschreibung der Befragungsumstände sowie eine demographische Beschreibung der Stichprobe. Da die Erhebung 2019 als Mixed-Mode-Design – telefonische als auch Online-Befragung – durchgeführt wurde, wird auch analysiert, ob Stichprobenunterschiede zwischen den beiden Erhebungsmodi auftreten. Außerdem wird geklärt, ob es hinsichtlich demographischer Eigenschaften der Befragten, hinsichtlich der QoW-Skalen oder hinsichtlich verschiedener Well-Being-Maße zu systematischen Ausfällen seit der letzten Welle gekommen ist. Dann erfolgt eine Prüfung der Items der QoW-, der Beschäftigungsqualität- und der Well-Being-Skalen (fehlende Werte, verteilungsbeschreibender Maßzahlen, Balkendiagramme). In einem nächsten Schritt werden die Skalen mittels verschiedener Reliabilitätsstatistiken (Cronbach’s Alpha, Korrelationsanalysen der Items) sowie Koeffizienten zur Beschreibung der Skalenverteilung überprüft. Außerdem werden die Zusammenhänge der Skalen mittels Korrelationsanalysen überprüft. Im Anschluss daran wird die unterstellte Faktorenstruktur mittels konfirmatorischer Faktoren-analysen getestet. Die QoW- und Beschäftigungsqualität-Skalen werden außerdem auf verschiedene Well-Being-Skalen regressiert, um deren Relevanz für den QoW-Index zu prüfen. Ebenso werden einige Längsschnitt-Regressionsanalysen durchgeführt, um zu überprüfen ob einige Arbeitsbedingungen längerfristige Effekte auf das Well-Being der Arbeitnehmer aufweisen. Die QoW-Befragung 2019 hat außerdem das Schwerpunktthema „Leadership-Stil und Basic Needs“ behandelt. Die Güte der Skalen zu diesem Thema wird ebenfalls geprüft. Im Anschluss werden dann Korrelationen mit den QoW-, Beschäftigungsqualität- und Well-Being-Skalen berechnet. Abschließend wird das gesamte Erhebungsinstrument zusammenfassend diskutiert und Empfehlungen bezüglich zukünftiger Befragungen gegeben. [less ▲]

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See detailQuality of Work – Project. Forschungsbericht zur Erhebungswelle 2020
Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

E-print/Working paper (2020)

Der „Quality of Work Index Luxembourg“ (QoW)-Survey, der von der Universität Luxemburg und der luxemburgischen Chambre des Salariés konzipiert wurde, wurde 2020 zum achten Mal durchgeführt. Ziel des ... [more ▼]

Der „Quality of Work Index Luxembourg“ (QoW)-Survey, der von der Universität Luxemburg und der luxemburgischen Chambre des Salariés konzipiert wurde, wurde 2020 zum achten Mal durchgeführt. Ziel des Surveys ist es, die erlebte Arbeitssituation und -qualität luxemburgischer Arbeitnehmer zu erfassen. Der vorliegende Bericht dokumentiert die psychometrische Testung der Güte des aktuellen Erhebungsinstruments. In einem ersten Schritt erfolgt eine Beschreibung der Befragungsumstände sowie eine demographische Beschreibung der Stichprobe. Da die Erhebung 2020 als Mixed-Mode-Design – telefonische als auch Online-Befragung – durchgeführt wurde, wird auch analysiert, ob Stichprobenunterschiede zwischen den beiden Erhebungsmodi auftreten. Außerdem wird geklärt, ob es hinsichtlich demographischer Eigenschaften der Befragten, hinsichtlich der QoW-Skalen oder hinsichtlich verschiedener Well-Being-Maße zu systematischen Ausfällen seit der letzten Welle gekommen ist. Dann erfolgt eine Prüfung der Items der QoW-, der QoE- und der Well-Being-Skalen (fehlende Werte, verteilungsbeschreibender Maßzahlen, Balkendiagramme). In einem nächsten Schritt werden die Skalen mittels verschiedener Reliabilitätsstatistiken (Cronbach’s Alpha, Korrelationsanalysen der Items) sowie Koeffizienten zur Beschreibung der Skalenverteilung überprüft. Außerdem werden die Zusammenhänge der Skalen mittels Korrelationsanalysen überprüft. Im Anschluss daran wird die unterstellte Faktorenstruktur mittels konfirmatorischer Faktoren-analysen getestet. Die QoW- und QoE-Skalen werden außerdem auf verschiedene Well-Being-Skalen regressiert, um deren Relevanz für den QoW-Index zu prüfen. Ebenso werden einige Längsschnitt-Regressionsanalysen durchgeführt, um zu überprüfen ob einige Arbeits-bedingungen längerfristige Effekte auf das Well-Being der Arbeitnehmer aufweisen. Die QoW-Befragung 2020 hat außerdem das Schwerpunktthema „Arbeitsbedingungen in der Corona-Krise“ behandelt. Die Güte der Konstrukte zu diesem Thema wird ebenfalls geprüft. Im Anschluss werden dann Zusammenhänge mit den QoW-, QoE- und Well-Being-Skalen berechnet. Abschließend wird das gesamte Erhebungsinstrument zusammenfassend diskutiert und Empfehlungen bezüglich zukünftiger Befragungen gegeben. [less ▲]

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See detailIoTEF: A Federated Edge-Cloud Architecture for Fault-Tolerant IoT Applications
Javed, Asad; Robert, Jérémy UL; Heljanko, Keijo et al

in Journal of Grid Computing (2020)

The evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has led to an increased emphasis on edge computing for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), in which applications rely on processing data closer to the data ... [more ▼]

The evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has led to an increased emphasis on edge computing for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), in which applications rely on processing data closer to the data sources, and sharing the results across heterogeneous clusters. This has simplified the data exchanges between IoT/CPS systems, the cloud, and the edge for managing low latency, minimal band- width, and fault-tolerant applications. Nonetheless, many of these applications administer data collec- tion on the edge and offer data analytic and storagecapabilities in the cloud. This raises the problem of separate software stacks between the edge and the cloud with no unified fault-tolerant management, hin- dering dynamic relocation of data processing. In such systems, the data must also be preserved from being corrupted or duplicated in the case of intermittent long-distance network connectivity issues, malicious harming of edge devices, or other hostile environ- ments. Within this context, the contributions of this paper are threefold: (i) to propose a new Internet of Things Edge-Cloud Federation (IoTEF) architec- ture for multi-cluster IoT applications by adapting our earlier Cloud and Edge Fault-Tolerant IoT (CEFIoT) layered design. We address the fault tolerance issue by employing the Apache Kafka publish/subscribe platform as the unified data replication solution. We also deploy Kubernetes for fault-tolerant manage- ment, combined with the federated scheme, offering a single management interface and allowing automatic reconfiguration of the data processing pipeline, (ii) to formulate functional and non-functional requirements of our proposed solution by comparing several IoT architectures, and (iii) to implement a smart build- ings use case of the ongoing Otaniemi3D project as proof-of-concept for assessing IoTEF capabilities. The experimental results conclude that the architecture minimizes latency, saves network bandwidth, and handles both hardware and network connectivity based failures [less ▲]

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See detailThe effect of competition and passive avoidant leadership style on the occurrence of workplace bullying
Sischka, Philipp UL; Schmidt, Alexander F.; Steffgen, Georges UL

in Personnel Review (2020)

Purpose – The present study aimed to investigate the main effect of competition on workplace bullying (WB) exposure and perpetration as well as its hypothesized moderation through passive avoidant ... [more ▼]

Purpose – The present study aimed to investigate the main effect of competition on workplace bullying (WB) exposure and perpetration as well as its hypothesized moderation through passive avoidant leadership style. Specifically, the authors hypothesized that competition would have a stronger influence on WB when supervisors score higher on passive avoidant leadership style. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected among employees (N = 1,260) on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk utilizing an online survey.WBexposure and perpetration were cross-sectionally assessed via self-labeling and behavioral experience self-reports. Findings – The results partially corroborated the proposed model. Competition and passive avoidant leadership were predictors of WB exposure and perpetration (as determined by both assessment methods). Furthermore, passive avoidant leadership moderated the relationship between competition and self-labeled WB exposure. Passive avoidant leadership only moderated the relationship between competition and selflabeled WB perpetration but not the competition–WB perpetration link assessed with the behavioral experience method. Practical implications – This study shows that competition needs to be embedded within a leadership style sensitive to the detection of and taking action against WB phenomena. Originality/value – While other studies have mainly focused on work stressors as antecedents of WB exposure, this study looks at the motivators and facilitators of WB occurrence. Furthermore, not only WB exposure but also WB perpetration is considered here, with the latter being an underresearched topic. Moreover, the authors used two assessment methods in order to test the generalizability of the authors’ findings. [less ▲]

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See detailFunctional analytic issues in Z_2 ^n Geometry
Bruce, Andrew UL; Poncin, Norbert UL

in Revista de la Union Matematica Argentina (2020), 60(2), 611-636

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See detailGesund Altern - Ergebnisse einer Repräsentativumfrage zu Altersbildern junger Erwachsener
Blawert, Anne; Kornadt, Anna Elena UL; Schröder, Helmut et al

Report (2020)

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See detailSparse classification with paired covariates
Rauschenberger, Armin UL; Ciocănea-Teodorescu, Iuliana; Jonker, Marianne A. et al

in Advances in Data Analysis and Classification (2020), 14

This paper introduces the paired lasso: a generalisation of the lasso for paired covariate settings. Our aim is to predict a single response from two high-dimensional covariate sets. We assume a one-to ... [more ▼]

This paper introduces the paired lasso: a generalisation of the lasso for paired covariate settings. Our aim is to predict a single response from two high-dimensional covariate sets. We assume a one-to-one correspondence between the covariate sets, with each covariate in one set forming a pair with a covariate in the other set. Paired covariates arise, for example, when two transformations of the same data are available. It is often unknown which of the two covariate sets leads to better predictions, or whether the two covariate sets complement each other. The paired lasso addresses this problem by weighting the covariates to improve the selection from the covariate sets and the covariate pairs. It thereby combines information from both covariate sets and accounts for the paired structure. We tested the paired lasso on more than 2000 classification problems with experimental genomics data, and found that for estimating sparse but predictive models, the paired lasso outperforms the standard and the adaptive lasso. The R package palasso is available from CRAN. [less ▲]

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See detailHoch zu Ross und in der Luft. Didaktische Überlegungen zum Vergleich episodischer Erzählformen im höfischen Roman und im Superhelden-Comic
Bendheim, Amelie UL; Schuh, Dominik

in Sieber, Andrea; Müller, Carla (Eds.) Literarisches Lernen mit Medienverbünden für Kinder und Jugendliche : Abenteuer/«âventiure» als narrativer Zugang in Theorie und Praxis (2020)

Was nützt es, zwei Figurentypen, die beide nicht – zumindest nicht im wörtlichen Sinne – der Gegenwart entspringen, miteinander in Beziehung zu setzen? Warum könnte es in didaktischer Hinsicht lohnenswert ... [more ▼]

Was nützt es, zwei Figurentypen, die beide nicht – zumindest nicht im wörtlichen Sinne – der Gegenwart entspringen, miteinander in Beziehung zu setzen? Warum könnte es in didaktischer Hinsicht lohnenswert sein, Protagonisten der höfischen Epik mit solchen der Superhelden-Comics des 20. Jahrhunderts zu vergleichen? Ausgehend von der Beobachtung, dass Heldenfiguren sich weitgehend losgelöst von ihren Ursprungskontexten großer medialer Präsenz erfreuen und dabei in eine Art kulturellen Heldenkanon eingeordnet erscheinen, soll die hier vorgestellte Sequenz thematisieren, wie das Konzept ‚Held‘ in verschiedenen narrativen Settings realisiert wird und wie dabei auf bestimmte Erzählverfahren zurückgegriffen wird. Anknüpfend an die literaturdidaktische Überlegungen zur Thematisierung von Helden der mittelalterlichen Literatur von Küenzlen/Mühlherr/Sahm soll der Held dabei im Rekurs auf Joseph Campbell als Protagonist eines universellen Erzählschemas aufgefasst werden. Die Figur gerät also nur insofern in den Blick, als sie zentraler Handlungsträger der hier zum Gegenstand gemachten abenteuerlichen Erzählungen ist. Anhand von Beispielen ritterlich-höfischer Heldenerzählungen einerseits und der Darstellung von Comic-Superhelden andererseits soll der Frage nachgegangen werden, wie unterschiedliche Textsorten produktiv gemacht werden können, um episodische Erzählformen, wie das spezifische Schema der âventiure-Fahrt, im gymnasialen Deutschunterricht zu thematisieren. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 129 (1 UL)