Conference 'Supergeometry, Supersymmetry and Quantization'

Report (2019)

Organized Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Lung Transplantation: Study of Glycemic Control and Patient Survival in a Single Center

in Transplantation Proceedings (2019)

Objective: To study patient survival and glycemic control before and after lung transplantation (LTx) according to the diabetes status in patients submitted to an organized management of diabetes mellitus ... [more ▼]

Objective: To study patient survival and glycemic control before and after lung transplantation (LTx) according to the diabetes status in patients submitted to an organized management of diabetes mellitus (DM) at the Strasbourg University Hospital, France. Material and methods: Two hundred and sixty-seven LTx recipients were included retrospectively and analyzed according to diabetes status: pretransplant diabetes, new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplant (NODAT) or no diabetes. Organized DM management was coordinated by a diabetologist trained in DM management before and after transplantation and included pretransplant screening, a close monitoring of glycemia after transplant and optimized treatment before and after LTx. Results: DM was well-controlled after transplantation: mean glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels after LTx were 5.8 ± 0.2% and 5.4 ± 0.1 mmol/L respectively, in pretransplant DM patients and 5.7 ± 0.1% and 5.6 ± 0.2 mmol/L respectively, in NODAT patients. The overall median survival time was 8.3 ± 1.9 years. Pretransplant DM increased the risk of mortality (1.82-fold increase; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-3.06; P = .02) in LTx recipients. Conclusions: Organized management of diabetes achieved very satisfactory glycemic control in both pretransplant DM and NODAT patients. However, no specific protocols have been created for managing DM following LTx. As DM continues to become an increasing comorbidity in LTx, there exist a significant need of studies in this area. [less ▲]

Deep Neural Networks for Personalized Sentiment Analysis with Information Decay

Doctoral thesis (2019)

People have different lexical choices when expressing their opinions. Sentiment analysis, as a way to automatically detect and categorize people’s opinions in text, needs to reflect this diversity. In ... [more ▼]

People have different lexical choices when expressing their opinions. Sentiment analysis, as a way to automatically detect and categorize people’s opinions in text, needs to reflect this diversity. In this research, I look beyond the traditional population-level sentiment modeling and leverage socio-psychological theories to incorporate the concept of personalized modeling. In particular, a hierarchical neural network is constructed, which takes related information from a person’s past expressions to provide a better understanding of the sentiment from the expresser’s perspective. Such personalized models can suffer from the data sparsity issue, therefore they are difficult to develop. In this work, this issue is addressed by introducing the user information at the input such that the individuality from each user can be captured without building a model for each user and the network is trained in one process. The evolution of a person’s sentiment over time is another aspect to investigate in personalization. It can be suggested that recent incidents or opinions may have more effect on the person’s current sentiment than the older ones, and the relativeness between the targets of the incidents or opinions plays a role on the effect. Moreover, psychological studies have argued that individual variation exists in how frequently people change their sentiments. In order to study these phenomena in sentiment analysis, an attention mechanism which is reshaped with the Hawkes process is applied on top of a recurrent network for a user-specific design. Furthermore, the modified attention mechanism delivers a functionality in addition to the conventional neural networks, which offers flexibility in modeling information decay for temporal sequences with various time intervals. The developed model targets data from social platforms and Twitter is used as an example. After experimenting with manually and automatically labeled datasets, it can be found that the input formulation for representing the concerned information and the network design are the two major impact factors of the performance. With the proposed model, positive results have been observed which confirm the effectiveness of including user-specific information. The results reciprocally support the psychological theories through the real-world actions observed. The research carried out in this dissertation demonstrates a comprehensive study of the significance of considering individuality in sentiment analysis, which opens up new perspectives for future research in the area and brings opportunities for various applications. [less ▲]

Incidental Video-Based Foreign Language Learning in Young Children: A Pilot Study in Home Settings

Scientific Conference (2019, November 29)

In the present pilot study, we explore in how far a self-developed video-based app could lead to incidental foreign language learning in young children with a migration background. Four children (3-7 ... [more ▼]

In the present pilot study, we explore in how far a self-developed video-based app could lead to incidental foreign language learning in young children with a migration background. Four children (3-7 years old; 2 boys, 2 girls) participated in the study together with their parents. Pre- and post-intervention language skills tests were used to quantify their language proficiencies; interviews with the children and their parents were used to get a grasp of how engaging the learning app was for the children and in how far the children transferred what they heard in the videos to everyday life situations. Results suggest that the use of the app did lead to increases in language skills and that it was engaging and extended beyond the concrete exposure phase. Incidental foreign language learning using mobile video apps should be further explored as a promising tool to prepare minority children for formal language learning. [less ▲]

La (non) violence en mots et en gestes : Partage de midi de Paul Claudel, mise en scène d'Yves Beaunesne (Comédie-Française, 2007 et Théâtre Marigny, 2009)

Scientific Conference (2019, November 29)

Pour tenter de correspondre au mieux au propos de ce colloque intitulé : « Le geste sur les scènes des XXe et XXIe siècles : entre tradition et innovation théâtrales », nous nous proposons d’analyser ... [more ▼]

Pour tenter de correspondre au mieux au propos de ce colloque intitulé : « Le geste sur les scènes des XXe et XXIe siècles : entre tradition et innovation théâtrales », nous nous proposons d’analyser comment, au sein de la mise en scène d’Yves Beaunesne de Partage de midi de Paul Claudel, le geste actorial vient contrecarrer les paroles énoncées. Nous nous attarderons plus spécifiquement sur la scène d’amour entre Ysé et Mesa, protagonistes phares du drame claudélien (Acte II, Scène 2). En effet, la crudité et la violence langagières se voient, au cours d’une danse contemporaine, atténuées par les gestes tendres, sensuels et complices de Marina Hands et Éric Ruf, interprètes des rôles - titre susmentionnés. Comment un tel oxymore scénique peut-il se produire ? C’est précisément à cette problématique que notre communication entend se consacrer. Pour ce faire, notre réflexion se divisera en deux parties. La première s’axera davantage sur les didascalies claudéliennes pour tenter de mettre au jour la violence passionnelle. La seconde partie concernera l’interprétation actoriale de cette scène d’amour singulière. [less ▲]

Théorie d’Iwasawa des représentations d’Artin et des formes modulaires de poids 1

Speeches/Talks (2019)

La théorie d’Iwasawa s’intéresse à la construction d’un analogue p-adique analytique de la fonction L complexe d’un motif M, et à son interprétation en terme de l’arithmétique de M. Bien que de nature p ... [more ▼]

La théorie d’Iwasawa s’intéresse à la construction d’un analogue p-adique analytique de la fonction L complexe d’un motif M, et à son interprétation en terme de l’arithmétique de M. Bien que de nature p-adique, elle a des applications à des problèmes globaux tels que la conjecture de Birch et Swinnerton-Dyer. Nous discutons ici du cas des motifs attachés à des représentations d’Artin sur Q, et plus particulièrement à la représentation de Deligne-Serre d’une forme modulaire primitive de poids 1. [less ▲]

Alzheimer’s disease-associated (hydroxy)methylomic changes in the brain and blood

in Clinical Epigenetics (2019)

A professional development course in translanguaging: Challenges and opportunities

Scientific Conference (2019, November 27)

In Luxembourg, the new law in 2017 has declared multilingual early education mandatory. Not only that teachers need to help children develop their Luxembourgish, but also they need to familiarize them ... [more ▼]

In Luxembourg, the new law in 2017 has declared multilingual early education mandatory. Not only that teachers need to help children develop their Luxembourgish, but also they need to familiarize them with French and value their home languages. In order to support preschool teachers in this endeavour, our project aims to: (1) offer a professional development (PD) course in translanguaging, (2) involve children’s families to reinforce home-school collaboration, and (3) foster children’s cognitive, linguistic, and socio-emotional engagement in the classroom. We use a panoply of measures to reach our aims: focus groups and teacher questionnaires (aim 1), parent questionnaires and interviews (aim 2), a test in early literacy and numeracy in school and home languages, teacher assessment of children’s socio-emotional development and video observations with children (aim 3). Translanguaging, the main topic of our 22 hour PD course (June – December 2019), is the use of a full linguistic repertoire to make meaning (Otheguy, García, & Reid, 2015). In eight sessions, we explore multilingual ecology, parental involvement, and oracy and early literacy. We will present preliminary findings of the focus groups with teachers and tests in early literacy and numeracy in children’s home and school languages. Challenges and opportunities that emerged during the course will be explored as well. [less ▲]

Dreaming of Constructivist Technology Integration Strategies in Future Teacher Students

Scientific Conference (2019, November 27)

Based on previous experiences in preparing future teachers for technology integration (Reuter & Busana, 2017), and based on the recommendations from Kolb’s (2017) Triple E framework about effective uses ... [more ▼]

Based on previous experiences in preparing future teachers for technology integration (Reuter & Busana, 2017), and based on the recommendations from Kolb’s (2017) Triple E framework about effective uses of ICT in education, we have adapted the Educational Technology course in our Initial Teacher Training. Over the years, we have indeed observed that, when given the choice of the type of technology integration strategies, many students designed ICT-based learning and teaching scenarios that implemented a rather teacher-centred teaching model (Roblyer & Doering, 2013). These scenarios were often far from innovative nor did they implement the disruptive potential of ICT in education (Christensen, Horn & Johnson, 2008). In the winter semester 2018-2019 we thus decided to ask our students to design and develop constructivist technology integration scenarios. We assessed the success of this adaptation with the help of our own observations, the semester reports produced by our students and their answers to an end-of-semester course evaluation. In general, we saw that students were able to design rather attractive constructivist learning activities. We also observed that our students were quite surprised that such activities do not require complicated and expensive tools, but that they can be implemented with standard productivity tools. [less ▲]

Developing Multilingual Pedagogies in Early Childhood: a review of the project MuLiPEC

Scientific Conference (2019, November 27)

Developing Multilingual Pedagogies in Early Childhood: a review of the project The project MuLiPEC (2016-2019) addresses the need for multilingual pedagogies in early childhood education in Luxembourg. It ... [more ▼]

Developing Multilingual Pedagogies in Early Childhood: a review of the project The project MuLiPEC (2016-2019) addresses the need for multilingual pedagogies in early childhood education in Luxembourg. It offered a professional development (PD) course to develop the practitioners’ knowledge and skills in relation to multilingualism and effective pedagogies as well as their practices, and analysed the effects of the PD on the practitioners and the children’s languaging. We offered a first 15-hour course to 46 practitioners from formal and non-formal education settings. Of these, seven continued during one academic year. They were coached and took part in six network meetings where we discussed their practices. To analyse the results, we drew on observations of the PD and in the research settings, video-recorded activities, and interviews. The results show that all 46 participants opened up to multilingual education and deepened their understanding of multilingualism, language development and multilingual pedagogies. Furthermore, the seven focus practitioners implemented activities in multiple languages and deployed effective language supportive strategies. Five of them developed holistic and child-centred multilingual pedagogies. This paper presents these positive findings and raises questions related to the sustainability of PD course and the need to continue the implementation of these effective pedagogies. [less ▲]