Facts for Babies: Visual Experiments at the Intersection of Art, Science and Consumerism in Education

in Priem, Karin; te Heesen, Kerstin (Eds.) On Display: Visual Poltics, Material Culture, and Education (2016)

Bessere Verhaltensinhibition nach Stress bei Jung und Alt – eine EKP Studie

in Kathmann, Norbert (Ed.) Programmheft PuG 2016; Abstractband PuG2016 (2016)

Ein Großteil der kognitiven Fertigkeiten, vor allem im Bereich der exekutiven Funktionen, nimmt mit zunehmendem Alter ab. Dabei sind insbesondere diejenigen Funktionen betroffen, welche auf dem ... [more ▼]

Ein Großteil der kognitiven Fertigkeiten, vor allem im Bereich der exekutiven Funktionen, nimmt mit zunehmendem Alter ab. Dabei sind insbesondere diejenigen Funktionen betroffen, welche auf dem präfrontalen Cortex basieren. Dieser gilt als besonders stress-sensitiv. Im Humanbereich sind Stresseffekte auf exekutive Funktionen, speziell Verhaltensinhibition, bisher wenig erforscht worden. Die vorliegende EEG Studie untersuchte den gemeinsamen Einfluss von Alter und Stress auf Verhaltensinhibition und deren neuronale Korrelate. Dazu wurden 49 junge und alte Männer mittels des Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) gestresst oder durchliefen eine Kontrollprozedur bevor sie ein Go Nogo Paradigma bearbeiteten. Der TSST führte in beiden Altersgruppen gleichermaßen zu einem signifikanten Cortisolanstieg. Junge und alte Probanden machten nach dem TSST weniger Fehler in Nogo Durchgängen. Die Analyse der ereigniskorrelierten Potentiale zeigte, dass Alter und Stress die neuronalen Korrelate (N2, P3) veränderte. Während ältere Probanden generell eine reduzierte N2 und P3 im Vergleich zu jungen Probanden aufwiesen, führte Stress in beiden Altersgruppen zu einer vergrößerten N2. Hinsichtlich der P3 zeigten junge gestresste Probanden eine reduzierte P3 Amplitude, während Stress in älteren Probanden eine Vergrößerung der Amplitude bewirkte. Zudem führte Stress tendenziell in beiden Gruppen zu kürzeren Latenzen, insbesondere bei jungen Probanden. Entgegen der weit verbreitenden Annahme, dass Stress zu Einbußen in exekutiven Funktionen führt, zeigen die Ergebnisse eine stressinduzierte Verbesserung der inhibitorischen Kontrolle in beiden Altersklassen. Allerdings scheinen zum Teil unterschiedliche Mechanismen dafür in jungen und alten Probanden dafür verantwortlich zu sein. [less ▲]

A Stochastic Framework for Quantitative Analysis of Attack-Defense Trees

in 12th International Workshop on Security and Trust Management (2016)

Extension procedures for confirmatory factor analysis

in Journal of Experimental Education (2016), 85

What you see is what you get - Das Bild als Medium der Wissensvermittlung

Speeches/Talks (2016)

Differential Games with (A) symmetric Players and Heterogeneous Strategies

in Journal of Reviews on Global Economics (2016), 5

One family of heterogeneous strategies in differential games with (a)symmetric players is developed in which one player adopts an anticipating open-loop strategy and the other adopts a standard Markovian ... [more ▼]

One family of heterogeneous strategies in differential games with (a)symmetric players is developed in which one player adopts an anticipating open-loop strategy and the other adopts a standard Markovian strategy. Via conjecturing principle, the anticipating open-loop strategic player plans her strategy based on the possible updating the rival player may take. These asymmetric strategies should be appropriate choices in some modelling circumstances and they frame one of the infinitely many non-degenerate Markovian Nash Equilibrium. Except the stationary path, this kind of strategy makes the study of short-run trajectory possible, which usually are not subgame perfect. However, the short-run non-perfection may provide very important policy suggestions. [less ▲]

Mutation analyses and association studies to assess the role of the presenilin-associated rhomboid-like gene in Parkinson's disease

in Neurobiology of Aging (2016), 39

Presenilin-associated rhomboid-like (PARL), a serine protease located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, has been shown to genetically interact and process PTEN-induced putative kinase a protein known ... [more ▼]

Presenilin-associated rhomboid-like (PARL), a serine protease located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, has been shown to genetically interact and process PTEN-induced putative kinase a protein known for its critical role in mitochondrial homeostasis and early-onset forms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The identification of a PD-associated variant in the PARL gene (p.Ser77Asn) led us to assess the relevance of PARL for PD pathogenesis using a mutation screening of the coding sequences and adjacent intronic sequences. We investigated 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3792589, rs13091, and rs3732581), a synonymous base substitution (Leu79Leu) and the previously described p.Ser77Asn mutation, which were subsequently screened in more than 2000 patients and controls. Not detecting the p.Ser77Asn mutation in our cohort, nor a robust association between variations in the PARL gene and PD, the role of disease causing genetic variants in the PARL gene could not be further substantiated in our samples. Our findings indicate that PARL mutations are a rare cause of PD and genetic variants are neither strong nor common risk factors in PD. [less ▲]

The Global Economic Crisis and the Effect of Immigration Workers on Native-born Employment in Europe

in The World Economy (2016)

Therapeutic targeting of oxygen-sensing prolyl hydroxylases abrogates ATF4-dependent neuronal death and improves outcomes after brain hemorrhage in several rodent models.

in Science translational medicine (2016), 8(328), 32829

Disability or death due to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is attributed to blood lysis, liberation of iron, and consequent oxidative stress. Iron chelators bind to free iron and prevent neuronal death ... [more ▼]

Disability or death due to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is attributed to blood lysis, liberation of iron, and consequent oxidative stress. Iron chelators bind to free iron and prevent neuronal death induced by oxidative stress and disability due to ICH, but the mechanisms for this effect remain unclear. We show that the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase domain (HIF-PHD) family of iron-dependent, oxygen-sensing enzymes are effectors of iron chelation. Molecular reduction of the three HIF-PHD enzyme isoforms in the mouse striatum improved functional recovery after ICH. A low-molecular-weight hydroxyquinoline inhibitor of the HIF-PHD enzymes, adaptaquin, reduced neuronal death and behavioral deficits after ICH in several rodent models without affecting total iron or zinc distribution in the brain. Unexpectedly, protection from oxidative death in vitro or from ICH in vivo by adaptaquin was associated with suppression of activity of the prodeath factor ATF4 rather than activation of an HIF-dependent prosurvival pathway. Together, these findings demonstrate that brain-specific inactivation of the HIF-PHD metalloenzymes with the blood-brain barrier-permeable inhibitor adaptaquin can improve functional outcomes after ICH in several rodent models. [less ▲]

Bestimmung der Qualität der Übergangsentscheidung: Prädiktive Validität eines Kriteriums

Scientific Conference (2016)