References of "Pignault, Anne 50002859"
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See detailUnemployment Normalization in Different Economic Contexts
Houssemand, Claude UL; Pignault, Anne UL

in Liu, Yang (Ed.) Unemployment - Perspectives and Solutions (2017)

A recent strand of research has raised the question of whether a change is underway in the relationships that people have with work and nonwork. This body of work suggests that the manner in which people ... [more ▼]

A recent strand of research has raised the question of whether a change is underway in the relationships that people have with work and nonwork. This body of work suggests that the manner in which people view unemployment and not working is changing. This chapter pursues and clarifies the first results of this research. The authors hypothesize a process of unemployment normalization, defined as the view that unemployment is a normal or even inevitable phase of life in a person’s career path and is the result of external circumstances rather than personal ones. This was tested with 600 unemployed people in two different economic contexts—France and Luxembourg—using a scale that revealed two latent factors: Justification for current unemployment situation and Perceived normality of unemployment. The findings reveal differences in the degree of normalization according to socioeconomic variables as well as an impact on the perceived health of the unemployed. [less ▲]

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See detailThe contemporary perception of unemployment; An exploratory study
Thill, Steve UL; Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

Scientific Conference (2017, July 14)

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See detailA new relationship to unemployment? Its impact on subjective well-being
Thill, Steve UL; Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

Scientific Conference (2017, May 18)

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See detailLe processus de médiation et son issue à la croisée des dimensions psychologiques
Ben Mrad, Fathi; Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

Scientific Conference (2017, May)

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See detailAre the mediators more emotionnaly competent than ordinary people?
Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

Scientific Conference (2017, May)

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See detailMediators’ Self-Perception of their Work and Practice: Content and Lexical Analysis
Pignault, Anne UL; Meyers, Raymond UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

in The Qualitative Report (2017), 22(6), 1589-1606

Mediation is increasingly used in various areas of society. Yet few studies have shed light on the unique work of mediators and their perception of the “mediator effect” on the process. The purpose of ... [more ▼]

Mediation is increasingly used in various areas of society. Yet few studies have shed light on the unique work of mediators and their perception of the “mediator effect” on the process. The purpose of this qualitative study is to gather and compare mediators’ views about their work through feedback on their practices and to understand what they perceive as the bases for reaching a favorable outcome. This article presents the results of a content analysis of interviews with 13 mediators from different countries and cultures. The analysis grouped professional discourses into four areas: the process of the mediation meeting, mediation models and styles, mediator training, and family mediation. Each of these classes is broken down into sub-classes that describe the more salient elements of their perceived practice of mediation and self-efficacy. These results are then discussed regarding their application for the process and success of mediation. [less ▲]

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See detailUsing the Empowerment Scale with unemployed people in lifelong learning: Is the tool sound and useful?
Meyers, Raymond UL; Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

in Psychology Research (2016), 6(11), 648-659

Empowerment is a widely used construct in research on social work, mental health and community interventions, but has only been exploited indirectly with the unemployed. But job finding is an important ... [more ▼]

Empowerment is a widely used construct in research on social work, mental health and community interventions, but has only been exploited indirectly with the unemployed. But job finding is an important dimension of empowerment and could be used to test the accuracy of the concept and of its measures. The Making Decisions Empowerment Scale was used with 97 unemployed people who had been jobless for 6 months. Even though the psychometric qualities of the 5 subscales and the total scale were mixed, convergent and discriminant validity with several adaptive and non-adaptive dimensions could be established for the global scale and for the Esteem, Power, Control and, to a lesser degree, the Activism subscales. The results were only marginally better for the 28 items global scale compared to the 9 items Esteem scale. Empowerment could be adequately modelled by using three dimensions: change coping, depression, and chance control of unemployment. Comparing 6 months later those who had found a job with the still unemployed, the 2 groups differed significantly on 2 of the 5 subscales (Activism and Control) though not on the total empowerment scale, nor on the other psychometric scales. The results throw some doubt on the accuracy of an aggregate measure that sums up divergent dimensions. Instead, it is proposed that more specific and individualized constructs be used, at least in unemployment research. [less ▲]

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See detailLa médiation à la frontière entre social et psychologique
Houssemand, Claude UL; Pignault, Anne UL

in Lettre des Médiations (2016), 2

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See detailStrategies and perspectives of school actors during a reform of vocational training in Luxembourg
Houssemand, Claude UL; Pignault, Anne UL; Meyers, Raymond UL

in Sociology Study (2016), 6(8), 485489

Since 2008, a reform of vocational training is being implemented in the upper level of secondary education in Luxembourg. The new method consists of: (1) teaching through competencies; (2) modular ... [more ▼]

Since 2008, a reform of vocational training is being implemented in the upper level of secondary education in Luxembourg. The new method consists of: (1) teaching through competencies; (2) modular training where modules can be repeated until they are achieved; and (3) evaluation which has been changed from quantitative to qualitative. The reform continues to face ongoing challenges and resistance from the different actors involved in vocational training. Semi‐structured interviews were carried out with the relevant actors in order to analyse their strategies and perspectives during and after the reform: representatives of the Ministry of Education, teaching staff, school administrations, enterprises, parents, and pupils. A heuristic model of resistance to change in education was constructed, based on these interviews. A general fatigue with the reform has spread; and this is at a moment when the Ministry wants to implement new changes to the aforementioned law. In order to make the reform viable, a new negotiated agreement based on the interests of the different players should be achieved. [less ▲]

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See detailLocus de contrôle et retour au travail. Adaptation et validation d’une échelle de contrôle perçu du chômage
Pignault, Anne UL; Meyers, Raymond UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

Scientific Conference (2016, July 11)

Le locus de contrôle renvoie à la croyance selon laquelle un évènement dépend de facteurs externes ou internes (Bruchon-Schweitzer, 2002). Nombre d’études ont permis d’étudier les relations entre locus ... [more ▼]

Le locus de contrôle renvoie à la croyance selon laquelle un évènement dépend de facteurs externes ou internes (Bruchon-Schweitzer, 2002). Nombre d’études ont permis d’étudier les relations entre locus perçu et stratégies de coping face au chômage (Wanberg, 1997), stratégies de recherche d’emploi (Kanfer, Wanberg, & Kantrowitz, 2001) ou durée du chômage. Si de nombreuses échelles générales (Rotter, 1966) ou plus spécifiques (Furnham & Steele, 1993) existent, aucune n’est particulièrement appropriée aux demandeurs d’emploi. Or l’utilisation d’échelles spécifiques de locus présente deux avantages : 1) la prise en compte d’un contexte particulier pour l’évaluation de ce concept dépassant une mesure générale de ce trait de personnalité (Furnham & Steele, 1993) et 2) une validité prédictive meilleure lorsqu’elle est contextualisée (Wang, Bowling, & Eschleman, 2010). Nous proposons d’adapter, à la situation de chômage, les échelles MLCH (Multidimensional Locus of Control Health Scales ; Wallston, Wallston, & DeVellis, 1978) permettant de distinguer 3 dimensions : le locus interne et deux types de locus externes (renvoyant à la chance ou à des personnages tout-puissants). Ce choix est justifié par la longueur restreinte, les qualités psychométriques et la structure tridimensionnelle simple de l’échelle originale. Les items ont été rédigés en français puis modifiés sur les trois dimensions concernant les croyances de contrôle sur la situation de chômage, le processus de recherche d’emploi et les résultats de la recherche d’emploi. Cette nouvelle échelle a été testée une première fois auprès de 226 hommes et 158 femmes vivant au Luxembourg et nouvellement inscrits comme demandeurs d’emploi, et une seconde fois auprès de 97 d’entre eux, 6 mois après. Les trois sous-échelles montrent une consistance interne acceptable (alpha de 0.60; 0.68 et 0.57) proche de celle des outils précédemment élaborés. Si ces indicateurs semblent a priori faibles, ils correspondent aux limites statistiques de ce type d’analyses et à ce type de données (nombres d’items et niveau de mesure ordinale ; Eisinga, Grotenhuis & Pelzer, 2013). Néanmoins, pour dépasser ces apparentes limitations, des analyses statistiques plus sophistiquées et mieux adaptées à ce type de mesures ont été réalisées selon la Théorie de Réponses à l’Item. Elles confirment l’ajustement des items sur chacune des trois dimensions latentes de locus. Enfin, une analyse structurale confirmatoire (Mplus 7.3) a permis de confirmer la structure de l’échelle et de contrôler l’ajustement du modèle théorique aux données empiriques selon les normes acceptées pour ce type d’analyse (Kline, 2011). L’outil a été utilisé dans deux projets financés par le Fond National de la Recherche Luxembourgeois. Les résultats montrent que les mesures de locus ne sont pas influencées par la période de chômage (pas de modification individuelle après 6 mois) mais permettent, avec d’autres dimensions psychologiques, d’estimer le risque de devenir chômeur de longue durée (Houssemand, Pignault & Meyers, 2014) et de décrire la représentation individuelle de la situation de chômage (Pignault & Houssemand, 2013). Ainsi, cette nouvelle échelle, spécifique au chômage, possède une bonne validité prédictive du potentiel retour vers l’emploi. La communication sera l’occasion de présenter la validation et la structure de l’échelle de locus et de discuter notamment des liens entre le locus de contrôle des chômeurs et le retour au travail. [less ▲]

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See detailConstruction and initial validation of the Work Context Inventory
Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

in Journal of Vocational Behavior (2016), 92

Although the importance of taking the work context into account is now a given when attempting to better understand behavior at work and career development, it is not always effectively considered, and a ... [more ▼]

Although the importance of taking the work context into account is now a given when attempting to better understand behavior at work and career development, it is not always effectively considered, and a consensus regarding this context is difficult to reach. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the present study developed the Work Context Inventory, composed of 36 items drawn from analyses of work situations. The inventory describes 9 dimensions related to empowerment, relationships with others at work, and performance requirements. The study discusses this theoretical and empirical model by comparing it with other models that were based on different conceptual and methodological approaches. Finally, we present the practical implications of using this model, such as to support career mobility or skill development. [less ▲]

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See detailCompetences as seen by teachers and employers in an initial vocational training reform
Meyers, Raymond UL; Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

in Psychology Research (2016), 6(7), 426-429

Luxembourg has a dual system of initial vocational training, inspired by the German model, where training takes place alternately in enterprises as well as in schools. Since 2008, a competence-based ... [more ▼]

Luxembourg has a dual system of initial vocational training, inspired by the German model, where training takes place alternately in enterprises as well as in schools. Since 2008, a competence-based reform of vocational training is being implemented in the upper level of secondary education in Luxembourg. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with the relevant actors to analyse their strategies and perspectives during and after the reform. It appears that one major difficulty in the implementation of the reform is the difference between schools’ and enterprises’ understanding of what competence-based training is. The majority of teaching staff disagreed with training through competences as it was considered a more difficult and less manageable approach for them than the previous knowledge-based methods. When they adopt the prescribed approach albeit reluctantly, they often attribute it a meaning which is mostly school-based, where competences are seen as skills in exercises based on books and programs and not in professional situations. Enterprises were in favour of curricula based on competences, as they are more suited to the practical work expected in the professional domain. Pupils are confronted directly with practical professional situations at the workplace, but enterprises have problems in implementing explicit, systematic and progressive modular training. Coordination between these two main actors in the training system is poor and problematic; especially with regards to collaboration within the curriculum teams that are expected to develop and update the training modules. A general fatigue with the reform has spread, even if most actors agree, at least verbally, with its general philosophy; and this at a moment when the Ministry wants to implement new changes to the law. In order to make the reform viable, a newly negotiated agreement based on the interests of the different players, especially between enterprises and schools, should be achieved. [less ▲]

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See detailTowards a normalisation of unemployment? A French exploratory study
Pignault, Anne UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

Scientific Conference (2015, May 22)

Recent trends in the perception of labour and employment (Bourhis & Wils, 2001; Cultiaux & Vendramin, 2010; De Witte, Halman & Gelissen, 2004) suggest changes in the perception of unemployment and absence ... [more ▼]

Recent trends in the perception of labour and employment (Bourhis & Wils, 2001; Cultiaux & Vendramin, 2010; De Witte, Halman & Gelissen, 2004) suggest changes in the perception of unemployment and absence of work. Some years ago, Galland (2000) put forward the hypothesis that the statistical increase of unemployment could lead to its relative normalisation. We thus hypothesise jobless people, fighting the negative effects of unemployment, consider this situation as normal and unavoidable, and attribute it to external, non-controllable factors. Then, to a better understanding of this phenomenon, the present study examines the links between normalisation and various psychological and socio-professional dimensions. 205 French unemployed people took 5 questionnaires: the French version of coping scale WCC-R (Way of Coping Checklist - Revised, Cousson, 1996), a scale of locus of control (Meyers & Houssemand, 2005), one of centrality of work (Gringas & Chagnon, 1997), some items allow the definition of the professional trajectories and career path (Dupuy, Le Blanc, & Mégemont, 2006) and a scale of unemployment normalisation (Pignault & Houssemand, 2013). Results showed external locus of control (r=.36, p<.001) and emotion-focused coping style (r=.43, p<.001) are positively correlated with unemployment normalisation. But the participants’ career path did not influence their representation of the unemployment. This study confirms the hypothesis that the unemployment normalisation depends on some psychological dimensions. Unemployment services could use it for predicting the normalisation level and fighting better against the jobless situation. [less ▲]

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See detailWork-life balance and relationships to others among French teleworkers
Vayre, Emilie; Pignault, Anne UL; Vonthron, Anne-Marie

Scientific Conference (2015, May)

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See detailL’orientation lors du passage « fondamental-secondaire » au Luxembourg : une nouvelle approche centrée sur les compétences?
Houssemand, Claude UL; Meyers, Raymond UL; Martin, Romain UL et al

Scientific Conference (2015, January 29)

La réforme de l’enseignement fondamental a introduit en 2009 de nouvelles modalités d’enseignement et d’évaluation au Luxembourg : les trois cycles d’apprentissage de deux ans, les socles de compétences ... [more ▼]

La réforme de l’enseignement fondamental a introduit en 2009 de nouvelles modalités d’enseignement et d’évaluation au Luxembourg : les trois cycles d’apprentissage de deux ans, les socles de compétences, l’évaluation sans notes chiffrées mais en termes de compétences. À partir de 2012-2013, les bilans intermédiaires et le bilan de fin de cycle remplacent les bulletins à notes chiffrées en tant qu’outils d’évaluation utilisés dans la procédure d’orientation à la fin du fondamental. Les modalités du passage de l’école fondamentale au lycée sont adaptées en conséquence. Les grandes lignes de la procédure d’orientation en vigueur depuis 1996 sont maintenues. Le conseil d’orientation, composé de l’inspecteur et de l’enseignant principal de l'enfant, ainsi que de professeurs de l’enseignement secondaire et secondaire technique, se prononce sur l’orientation de l’élève. L’avis d’orientation, formulé et motivé par le conseil d’orientation, est dorénavant appelé « décision d’orientation » pour souligner son caractère contraignant, sauf si les parents introduisent un recours, ce qui entraine l'organisation d'épreuves d'accès à l'enseignement secondaire et secondaire technique. Les éléments à la base de la décision d’orientation restent inchangés : - Les apprentissages et la progression de l’élève, consignés dorénavant dans les bilans intermédiaires et le bilan de fin de cycle ; - L’avis du titulaire de classe et l’avis des parents ; - L’avis du psychologue si les parents le demandent ; - Les résultats aux épreuves communes. Ces épreuves en allemand, français et mathématiques sont les mêmes pour tous les élèves du pays. Ces dernières, et là se trouve la nouveauté, renseignent sur le développement des compétences de l’élève par rapport aux niveaux de compétence attendus à la fin de ce dernier cycle. Cette procédure d'orientation adaptée, plus centrée sur les compétences, est la suite logique de la réforme du fondamental. Mais quels sont les enjeux et les conséquences pratiques pour les élèves et les parents, notamment d'origine étrangère? Ce changement est-il purement cosmétique ou aura-t-il un réel impact sur les pratiques d'orientation? [less ▲]

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See detailL’apprentissage pour les adultes, une mesure pour la transition vers l’emploi
Houssemand, Claude UL; Meyers, Raymond UL; Pignault, Anne UL

in Lenz, Thomas; Bertemes, Jos (Eds.) Bildungsbericht Luxemburg 2015 – Band 2 : Analysen und Befunde (2015)

Was die Ausbildung im Erwachsenenbereich anbelangt, so besteht in Luxemburg durchaus erhöhter Handlungsbedarf: Ungefähr 13% der Schulabgänger verlassen das Bildungssystem ohne jeglichen beruflichen ... [more ▼]

Was die Ausbildung im Erwachsenenbereich anbelangt, so besteht in Luxemburg durchaus erhöhter Handlungsbedarf: Ungefähr 13% der Schulabgänger verlassen das Bildungssystem ohne jeglichen beruflichen Abschluss und haben dann große Schwierigkeiten, sich im regulären Arbeitsmarkt nachhaltig und dauerhaft zu integrieren. Es wurden deshalb in den letzten Jahren eine Reihe von Maßnahmen im Rahmen eines nationalen Aktionsplans für Arbeit entwickelt und umgesetzt, die neben dem Ziel der direkten Integration in den Arbeitsmarkt auch das Ziel der Integration über den Erwerb anerkannter Berufsabschlüsse im Rahmen der Erwachsenenbildung verfolgt haben. Auch wenn eine bessere Datengrundlage in diesem Bereich wünschenswert wäre, zeigen die vorliegenden Zahlen einen stetigen Anstieg der Teilnehmerzahlen in der Erwachsenenbildung in den letzten Jahren. Die Erwachsenenbildung, welche die Möglichkeit eröffnet, Berufsabschlüsse auf einem zweiten Bildungsweg zu erlangen, wurde ursprünglich im Jahr 2000 geschaffen und wendet sich an alle interessierten volljährigen Personen, welche das Pensionsalter noch nicht überschritten haben. Es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, dass vor allem junge Erwachsene dieses Angebot in Anspruch nehmen (drei Viertel stammen aus der Altersgruppe von 18 bis 26 Jahren), so dass es sich eher zu einem Angebot für Personen entwickelt hat, denen der Berufseinstieg nicht richtig gelungen ist, als zu einer Maßnahme, die sich im Sinne eines lebenslangen Lernens an alle Altersgruppen richtet. Diese Hypothese findet eine Bestätigung in der Tatsache, dass diese Altersgruppe junger Erwachsener vor allem Personen umfasst, die bis dahin eher instabile Arbeitsverhältnisse gekannt haben. Die Aussichten auf eine erfolgreiche Eingliederung in den Arbeitsmarkt auf Grund einer Erwachsenenbildung hängen einerseits vom Wirtschaftssektor ab, in dem die Ausbildung durchgeführt wird, andererseits von persönlichen Merkmalen der Personen, welche eine solche Ausbildung beginnen, wobei z. B. das Alter und der Zeitpunkt des Schulabgangs eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Allerdings ist gerade in diesem Bereich die zur Verfügung stehende empirische Grundlage noch sehr unvollständig, so dass es schwierig ist, belastbare Aussagen über den Anteil erfolgreicher Abschlüsse im Bereich der Erwachsenenbildung zu erstellen. [less ▲]

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