References of "Turcanu, Ion 50027909"
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See detailTo Buffer or Not To Buffer: IEEE 802.11p/bd Performance Under Different Buffering Strategies
Baiocchi, Andrea; Turcanu, Ion UL; Vinel, Alexey

in 33 Edition of International Teletraffic Congress (ITC), Avignon, France, August 31st - September 3rd 2021 (2021, September)

A fundamental paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT) consists of agents that communicate updates to each other to perform joint actions, e.g., cooperative awareness in transportation systems, swarms of ... [more ▼]

A fundamental paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT) consists of agents that communicate updates to each other to perform joint actions, e.g., cooperative awareness in transportation systems, swarms of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), fleet of robots, automated assembly lines and logistics. A common feature of update messaging is emphasis on reliable throughput and freshness of collected data. We develop an analytical model that yields accurate predictions of all relevant metrics, both in terms of moments and probability distributions, for the case of one-hop broadcast update messages exchanged by using a CSMA-based wireless network. The model is validated against simulations and then applied to compare two update message scheduling approaches: providing a minimal buffer resource or providing no buffer. Surprisingly, we prove that having no buffer improves Age of Information (AoI) performance as well as message delivery rate, in spite of dropped packets. This is essentially due to much smaller congestion and hence collision probability in the wireless channel. From a system point of view this suggests a simple design of message handling, with no need of buffering and overwriting older messages. From a modeling point of view, the result supports the definition of simpler models that need not keep into account buffer state. [less ▲]

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See detailAn Age-Of-Information Perspective on Decentralized Congestion Control in Vehicular Networks
Turcanu, Ion UL; Baiocchi, Andrea; Lyamin, Nikita et al

in 19th Mediterranean Communication and Computer Networking Conference, Online Conference, 15-17 June 2021 (2021, June)

Vehicular networking enables a wide range of emerging Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System (C-ITS) applications, from safety to traffic efficiency and infotainment. Many of these applications ... [more ▼]

Vehicular networking enables a wide range of emerging Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System (C-ITS) applications, from safety to traffic efficiency and infotainment. Many of these applications depend on the reliability and timeliness of status information periodically exchanged among vehicles on the same wireless communication channel. A major effort has been spent, especially by standardization bodies, to define congestion control algorithms for the vehicular networking environment. The picture is, however, more complex than simply controlling the load level on the channel, given the non-trivial interplay of delivery reliability, system throughput, and timeliness of updates. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive performance evaluation of the main state-of- the-art broadcast rate control algorithms from the point of view of channel load, utilization efficiency, and information freshness. We evaluate these algorithms in a realistic simulation environment and describe a centralized approach to define a bound on the performance. We show that controlling the congestion based on either channel load or information freshness only leads to sub-optimal performance. [less ▲]

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See detailAge of Information in IEEE 802.11p
Baiocchi, Andrea; Turcanu, Ion UL; Lyamin, Nikita et al

in 17th IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM): ITAVT Workshop (2021, May)

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication is essential for facilitating connected and automated driving, where vehicles and other road traffic participants share data instantaneously and cooperate to ... [more ▼]

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication is essential for facilitating connected and automated driving, where vehicles and other road traffic participants share data instantaneously and cooperate to solve tricky traffic situations in milliseconds. This paper proposes two stochastic models for the V2X standard IEEE 802.11p to characterize amongst other things the Age of Information (AoI), a recently-proposed metric that measures the freshness of information. The first model is based on renewal process analysis of a tagged station with mean field approximation, while the second one adopts Markov chain approach with network level view. Analytical results show that IEEE 802.11p, given its adaptability to event-triggered and aperiodic messaging, supports advanced cooperative driving scenarios. [less ▲]

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See detailAdaptive Content Seeding for Information-Centric Networking under High Topology Dynamics: Where You Seed Matters
Turcanu, Ion UL; Engel, Thomas UL; Sommer, Christoph

in IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine (2021), 16(2),

High-fidelity content distribution and other emerging applications of 5G and beyond-5G mobile broadband networking can put massive load on the core and Radio Access Network (RAN). To address this, direct ... [more ▼]

High-fidelity content distribution and other emerging applications of 5G and beyond-5G mobile broadband networking can put massive load on the core and Radio Access Network (RAN). To address this, direct Device to Device (D2D) communication has recently become a first-class citizen of these networks. While Information-Centric Vehicular Networking (ICVN) based on fog computing can indeed exploit such D2D links to alleviate the load on the RAN by proactively seeding content in the network, it has been shown that such seeding can cause even more load if performed where not needed. In addition, trying to determine where to seed content often causes additional load, negating the benefit of seeding. In this work, we therefore propose to adaptively seed fog nodes based on a purely virtual clustering approach. Here, vehicles are unaware of clustering decisions, thus no longer requiring an explicit exchange of control messages. We show that the benefit of such an adaptive approach goes beyond simply being able to flexibly trade off performance metrics versus each other: instead, it can consistently lower the load on the RAN link. We also show that this property even holds if node location information is only available as coarsely-grained as macro-scale grid cells. [less ▲]

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See detailTowards 2-Hop Neighbor Management for Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks
Turcanu, Ion UL; Kim, Minsuk; Klingler, Florian

Poster (2020, December)

Message dissemination protocols for vehicular networks often build upon information maintained in neighbor tables. Due to high mobility and scarce channel capacity available in such networks, algorithms ... [more ▼]

Message dissemination protocols for vehicular networks often build upon information maintained in neighbor tables. Due to high mobility and scarce channel capacity available in such networks, algorithms for maintaining neighbor tables must carefully select which information is transmitted at which time. Recent approaches rely on probabilistic data structures (e.g., Bloom filter) for transmitting such neighbor information in order to reduce channel load, yet they still suffer from scarce channel capacities. In this paper, we propose to use multiple communication technologies (heterogeneous networking) for maintaining neighbor tables by building upon recent 2-hop neighbor management strategies. Promising results show an increase of up to 19 % of covered neighbors in comparison to a Baseline approach that only uses one communication technology. [less ▲]

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See detailAge of Information of One-Hop Broadcast Communications in a CSMA Network
Baiocchi, Andrea; Turcanu, Ion UL

in IEEE Communications Letters (2020), 25(1), 294-298

We consider a network of agents that send periodic updates to their neighbors. A trade-off between load on the shared communication channel and data timeliness is obtained by looking at the Age of ... [more ▼]

We consider a network of agents that send periodic updates to their neighbors. A trade-off between load on the shared communication channel and data timeliness is obtained by looking at the Age of Information (AoI) metric. We develop a model of a Carrier-Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) network with partial sensing, to calculate the AoI of one-hop broadcast messages exchanged among the agents. The model is applied to beacon messages in a vehicular network to gain insight into the impact of system parameters. [less ▲]

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See detailDeepNDN: Opportunistic Data Replication and Caching in Support of Vehicular Named Data
Manzo, Gaetano; Kalogeiton, Eirini; di Maio, Antonio UL et al

in 21st IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM) (2020, September)

Although many target applications in VANETs are information-centric, the performance of Named Data Networking (NDN) in vehicular ad-hoc networks is severely hampered by persistent network partitioning ... [more ▼]

Although many target applications in VANETs are information-centric, the performance of Named Data Networking (NDN) in vehicular ad-hoc networks is severely hampered by persistent network partitioning, typical of many vehicular scenarios. Existing approaches try to address this issue by relying on opportunistic communications. However, they leave open the crucial issue of how to guarantee content persistence and tight QoS levels while optimizing the resource utilization in the vehicular environment. In this work we propose DeepNDN, a communication scheme based on the joint application of NDN and of probabilistic spatial content caching, which enables content retrieval in fragmented and dynamic network topologies with tight delay constraints. We present a data-based approach to DeepNDN management, based on locally modulating content replication and delivery in order to achieve a target hit ratio in a resource-efficient manner. Our management algorithm employs a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture for effectively capturing the complex relations between spatio-temporal patterns of mobility and content requests and DeepNDN performance. Its numerical assessment in realistic, measurement-based scenarios suggest that our management approach achieves its target set goals while outperforming a set of reference schemes. [less ▲]

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See detailA Multi-Hop Broadcast Wave Approach for Floating Car Data Collection in Vehicular Networks
Turcanu, Ion UL; Salvo, Pierpaolo; Baiocchi, Andrea et al

in Vehicular Communications (2020)

Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) is bringing connected and cooperative mobility closer to reality. Vehicles today are able to produce huge amounts of information, known in the literature as Floating Car ... [more ▼]

Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) is bringing connected and cooperative mobility closer to reality. Vehicles today are able to produce huge amounts of information, known in the literature as Floating Car Data (FCD), containing status information gathered from sensing the internal condition of the vehicle and the external environment. Adding networking capabilities to vehicles allows them to share this information among themselves and with the infrastructure. Collecting real-time FCD information from vehicles opens up the possibility of having access to an enormous amount of useful information that can boost the development of innovative services and applications in the domain of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). In this paper we propose several solutions to efficiently collect real-time FCD information in Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC)-enabled Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). The goal is to improve the efficiency of the FCD collection operation while keeping the impact on the DSRC communication channel as low as possible. We do this by exploiting a slightly modified version of a standardized data dissemination protocol to create a backbone of relaying vehicles that, by following local rules, generate a multi-hop broadcast wave of collected FCD messages. The proposed protocols are evaluated via realistic simulations under different vehicular densities and urban scenarios. [less ▲]

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See detailA Data-Driven Minimal Approach for CAN Bus Reverse Engineering
Buscemi, Alessio UL; Castignani, German; Engel, Thomas UL et al

in 3rd IEEE Connected and Automated Vehicles Symposium, Victoria, Canada, 4-5 October 2020 (2020)

Current in-vehicle communication systems lack security features, such as encryption and secure authentication. The approach most commonly used by car manufacturers is to achieve security through obscurity ... [more ▼]

Current in-vehicle communication systems lack security features, such as encryption and secure authentication. The approach most commonly used by car manufacturers is to achieve security through obscurity – keep the proprietary format used to encode the information secret. However, it is still possible to decode this information via reverse engineering. Existing reverse engineering methods typically require physical access to the vehicle and are time consuming. In this paper, we present a Machine Learning-based method that performs automated Controller Area Network (CAN) bus reverse engineering while requiring minimal time, hardware equipment, and potentially no physical access to the vehicle. Our results demonstrate high accuracy in identifying critical vehicle functions just from analysing raw traces of CAN data. [less ▲]

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See detailTraffic Management and Networking for Autonomous Vehicular Highway Systems
Rubin, Izhak; Baiocchi, Andrea; Sunyoto, Yulia et al

in Ad Hoc Networks (2019), 83

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See detailFog Seeding Strategies for Information-Centric Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks
Turcanu, Ion UL; Engel, Thomas UL; Sommer, Christoph

in 11th IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC 2019) (2019)

Content downloading of mobile broadband users today routinely causes network load to exceed what the Radio Access Network (RAN) can sustain without degrading user experience. Many works are therefore ... [more ▼]

Content downloading of mobile broadband users today routinely causes network load to exceed what the Radio Access Network (RAN) can sustain without degrading user experience. Many works are therefore considering edge or fog computing paradigms and Device to Device (D2D) communication using 4G/5G C-V2X or IEEE 802.11p/bd links to obtain content. When content originates (or is maintained) at a central location, however, this requires expensive seeding of the content into the mobile network. We thus advocate basing the decision of when and where to perform fog seeding on a network graph that respects connectivity metrics while performing community detection and exploiting node centrality. We present different seeding strategies and investigate their respective benefits compared to traditional information-centric networking. Using simulations, we demonstrate that choosing a suitable strategy can yield substantial benefits - and vice versa. [less ▲]

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See detailExperimental Evaluation of Floating Car Data Collection Protocols in Vehicular Networks
Turcanu, Ion UL; Adamsky, Florian; Engel, Thomas UL

in IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall) (2019)

The main objectives of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) vision is to improve road safety, traffic management, and mobility by enabling cooperative communication among participants. This vision ... [more ▼]

The main objectives of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) vision is to improve road safety, traffic management, and mobility by enabling cooperative communication among participants. This vision requires the knowledge of the current state of the road traffic, which can be obtained by collecting Floating Car Data (FCD) information using Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) based on the IEEE 802.11p standard. Most of the existing FCD collection protocols have been evaluated via simulations and mathematical models, while the real-world implications have not been thoroughly investigated. This paper presents an open-source implementation of two state-of-the-art FCD collection algorithms, namely BASELINE and DISCOVER. These algorithms are implemented in an open-source vehicular prototyping platform and validated in a real-world experimental setup. [less ▲]

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See detailDuplicate Suppression for Efficient Floating Car Data Collection in Heterogeneous LTE-DSRC Vehicular Networks
Turcanu, Ion UL; Klingler, Florian; Sommer, Christoph et al

in Computer Communications (2018), 123

Collecting data from a large number of agents scattered over a region of interest is becoming an increasingly appealing paradigm to feed big data archives that lay the ground for a vast array of ... [more ▼]

Collecting data from a large number of agents scattered over a region of interest is becoming an increasingly appealing paradigm to feed big data archives that lay the ground for a vast array of applications. Vehicular Floating Car Data (FCD) collection is a major representative of this paradigm. Massive data collection from floating vehicles is the key to Intelligent Transportation Systems. We address the design and performance evaluation of a data collection protocol for the use case of periodic data collection. We target robustness, optimizing the amount of data and the value of the collection period, keeping in mind the goals of autonomous node operation and minimal coordination effort. From a system point of view, we believe that best solutions should jointly exploit the Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular access network and the Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) based Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). Through a detailed comparative analysis, we show that such a hybrid approach offers superior performance, especially as for offloading the cellular radio access. A lightweight signaling procedure is designed, based on the DSRC VANET, which is able to avoid most of the duplicated data records, even if a distributed operation approach is pursued. The impact of the proposed protocol on the VANET load is evaluated and proved to be quite small, so that it does not interfere with other VANET-specific messages. [less ▲]

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See detailMulti-Access Edge Computing for Vehicular Networks: a Position Paper
Soua, Ridha UL; Turcanu, Ion UL; Adamsky, Florian UL et al

in 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference: Workshops: Vehicular Networking and Intelligent Transportation Systems (2018)

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See detailPoster: Performance Evaluation of an Open-Source Audio-Video Bridging/Time-Sensitive Networking Testbed for Automotive Ethernet
Xu, Teng Andrea; Adamsky, Florian UL; Turcanu, Ion UL et al

Poster (2018)

Automotive Ethernet (AE) is becoming more and more relevant to the automotive industry due to its support of emerging in-car applications, which have high bandwidth demands and stringent requirements in ... [more ▼]

Automotive Ethernet (AE) is becoming more and more relevant to the automotive industry due to its support of emerging in-car applications, which have high bandwidth demands and stringent requirements in terms of latency and time synchronization. One of the standards under consideration for AE is IEEE 802.1 Audio Video Bridging (AVB)/Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) that provides deterministic data link layer and bounded latency to real-time traffic classes. So far, this protocol stack has only been evaluated using either simulations or proprietary and expensive platforms. In this paper, we design a real testbed system for AE using general-purpose single-board computers and conduct experiments to assess the real-time performance of an open-source AVB/TSN implementation. Our preliminary results show that even under heavy load, AVB/TSN can fulfil the latency requirements of AE while keeping a constant latency variation. [less ▲]

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See detailA Model for the Optimization of Beacon Message Age-of-Information in a VANET
Baiocchi, Andrea; Turcanu, Ion UL

in 29th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC 29) (2017, September)

Beaconing is a basic communication process taking place in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) to achieve cooperative awareness among vehicles on the road. It is actually a paradigm of information ... [more ▼]

Beaconing is a basic communication process taking place in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) to achieve cooperative awareness among vehicles on the road. It is actually a paradigm of information spreading among peer-agents, where each node of a networks sends periodically broadcast messages containing information collected by the node itself. A trade-off arises between the update frequency of the broadcast information and the congestion induced in the wireless shared channel used to send the messages, which is based on the IEEE 802.11p standard in case of a VANET. For periodic updates, the primary metric is the Age-of-Information (AoI), i.e., the age of the latest update received by neighboring nodes. We define an analytical model to evaluate the AoI of a VANET, given the connectivity graph of the vehicles. Analytical results are compared to simulation to assess the accuracy of the model. The model provides a handy tool to optimize the AoI trade-off. [less ▲]

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See detailHeterogeneous cellular and DSRC networking for Floating Car Data collection in urban areas
Salvo, Pierpaolo; Turcanu, Ion UL; Cuomo, Francesca et al

in Vehicular Communications (2017), 8

Vehicular traffic monitoring is a major enabler for a whole range of Intelligent Transportation System services. Real time, high spatial and temporal resolution vehicular traffic monitoring is becoming a ... [more ▼]

Vehicular traffic monitoring is a major enabler for a whole range of Intelligent Transportation System services. Real time, high spatial and temporal resolution vehicular traffic monitoring is becoming a reality thanks to the variety of communication platforms that are being deployed. Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) and cellular communications like Long Term Evolution (LTE) are the major technologies. The former is specifically tailored for Vehicular Ad-hoc Network, the second one is pervasive. We propose a fully distributed Floating Car Data (FCD) collection protocol that exploits the heterogeneous network provided by DSRC and LTE. The proposed approach adapts automatically to the penetration degree of DSRC, achieving the maximum possible LTE offloading, given the VANET connectivity achieved via DSRC. Extensive simulations in real urban scenarios are used to evaluate the protocol performance and LTE offloading, as compared to baseline and literature approaches. [less ▲]

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See detailPick the Right Guy: CQI-Based LTE Forwarder Selection in VANETs
Turcanu, Ion UL; Sommer, Christoph; Baiocchi, Andrea et al

in 8th IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC 2016) (2016, December)

Periodical collection of data from vehicles inside a target area is of interest for many applications in the context of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been ... [more ▼]

Periodical collection of data from vehicles inside a target area is of interest for many applications in the context of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been identified as a good candidate technology for supporting such type of applications - particularly for the non-safety domain. However, a high number of vehicles intermittently reporting their information via LTE can introduce a very high load on the LTE access network. In this context, the use of heterogeneous networking technologies can yield significant offloading of LTE - here, WLAN and Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) technology can support local data aggregation. In this paper, we propose an on-the-fly distributed clustering algorithm that uses both LTE and DSRC networks in the forwarder selection process. Our results clearly indicate that it is crucial to consider parameters drawn from both networking platforms for selecting the right forwarders. In particular, we show for the first time that relying on the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) has a substantial impact. We demonstrate that our solution is able to significantly reduce the LTE channel utilization with respect to other state of the art approaches. [less ▲]

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See detailLTE floating car data application off-loading via VANET driven clustering formation
Salvo, Pierpaolo; Turcanu, Ion UL; Cuomo, Francesca et al

in 12th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services (WONS) (2016, January)

Floating Car Data (FCD) applications are based on the collection of geo-localized information updates that are issued by vehicles roaming in a given area. These data are an essential source for traffic ... [more ▼]

Floating Car Data (FCD) applications are based on the collection of geo-localized information updates that are issued by vehicles roaming in a given area. These data are an essential source for traffic information and are widely employed by Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). We present and examine a hybrid networking architecture and protocol that are used for the efficient execution of such a collection process. We employ a VANET-based multihop dissemination logic to spread control messages and elect designated nodes. Those nodes are exploited to report vehicular data via LTE communications. The performance behavior of the proposed protocol is evaluated through the consideration of two real urban scenarios. In comparing with performance bounds that characterize the performance behavior attained by state-of-theart hybrid integrated VANET and LTE mechanisms, we show our approach to offer a substantial reduction in the traffic load rates induced over the LTE cellular radio access system. [less ▲]

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See detailAn integrated VANET-based data dissemination and collection protocol for complex urban scenarios
Turcanu, Ion UL; Salvo, Pierpaolo; Baiocchi, Andrea et al

in Ad Hoc Networks (2016), 52(Supplement C), 28-38

Data dissemination and data collection to/from vehicles traveling on city roads are key features to fully enable the advent of Intelligent Transport Systems and Autonomous vehicles. Both Road Side Units ... [more ▼]

Data dissemination and data collection to/from vehicles traveling on city roads are key features to fully enable the advent of Intelligent Transport Systems and Autonomous vehicles. Both Road Side Units and On Board Units need to disseminate different kind of data to vehicles or to collect data sensed by the vehicles themselves and transfer them to road monitoring and control centers. In this work we propose a protocol, named DISCOVER, that disseminates and collects the data of interest in a quite large city area efficiently and timely by using a single network structure, i.e., a multi-hop backbone made up only of vehicles nodes. DISCOVER is distributed and adaptive to the different traffic conditions, i.e., to the different levels of vehicular traffic density. Several numerical results show that it attains very good performance in different type of city maps (New York, Paris, Madrid and Rome) when compared with baseline approaches as well as when compared with a theoretical bound. [less ▲]

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