Alkohol, Tabak und Cannabis – Motive und Nutzungsverhalten

Conference given outside the academic context (2023)

Distribution of psychological instability among surgeons

in World Neurosurgery (2023)

Background High emotional instability, i.e. neuroticism, is associated with poor mental health. Conversely, traumatic experiences may increase neuroticism. Stressful experiences such as complications are ... [more ▼]

Background High emotional instability, i.e. neuroticism, is associated with poor mental health. Conversely, traumatic experiences may increase neuroticism. Stressful experiences such as complications are common in the surgical profession, with neurosurgeons being particularly affected. We compared the personality trait neuroticism between physicians in a prospective cross-sectional study. Methods 5,148). Multivariate linear regression was used to model differences between surgeons, non-surgeons and specialties with occasional surgical interventions with respect to neuroticism, adjusting for gender, age, age squared and their interactions, then testing equality of parameters of adjusted predictions separately and jointly using Wald tests. Results With an expected variability within disciplines, average levels of neuroticism are lower in surgeons than non-surgeons, especially in the first part of their career. However, the course of neuroticism across age follows a quadratic pattern, i.e., an increase after the initial decrease. The acceleration of neuroticism with age is specifically significant in surgeons. Levels of neuroticism are lowest towards mid-career, but exhibit a strong secondary increase towards the end of the surgeons’ career. This pattern seems driven by neurosurgeons. Conclusion Despite initially lower levels of neuroticism, surgeons suffer a stronger increase of neuroticism together with age. Since, beyond well-being, neuroticism influences professional performance and healthcare systems costs, explanatory studies are mandatory to enlighten causes of this burden. [less ▲]

Wohlbefinden in der Schule: Aktuelle Befunde, Potenziale und Herausforderungen

Conference given outside the academic context (2022)

The Influence of Family Resources on the Well-being of Young People during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Presentation (2022, August 25)

Young People and COVID-19: Social, Economic, and Health Consequences of Infection Prevention and Control Measures among Young People in Luxembourg – Technical Report 2021 Longitudinal Survey

Report (2022)

Young People and COVID-19: Social, Economic, and Health Consequences of Infection Prevention and Control Measures among Young People in Luxembourg – Technical Report 2020

Report (2022)

Die Förderung von Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit als Aufgabe der Jugendarbeit

Conference given outside the academic context (2022)

Hiring in Border Regions: Experimental and Qualitative Evidence from a Recruiter Survey in Luxembourg

in Journal for Labour Market Research (2022), 56

Firms in border regions typically deal with heterogeneous applicant pools that include both (foreign) domestic workers and cross-border commuters. However, we know little about recruiters’ workforce needs ... [more ▼]

Firms in border regions typically deal with heterogeneous applicant pools that include both (foreign) domestic workers and cross-border commuters. However, we know little about recruiters’ workforce needs and hiring practices in cross-border labour markets. Based on a survey of real recruiters in Luxembourg, this study presents experimental and qualitative findings on the role of country of residence in recruiters’ hiring intentions against foreigners. Luxembourg presents a rarely studied but highly relevant case for hiring practices owing to a combination of a strong economy, strict labour market regulations, and a transnational workforce. Drawing on data from a factorial survey experiment, we found no discrimination against Portuguese and French applicants living in Luxembourg. Yet, (highly skilled) cross-border workers from France and Germany faced disadvantages regarding recruiters’ hiring intentions. However, differences in effect sizes between foreigners and cross-border workers were small and not statistically significant. When further asked about the potential challenges of recruiting in Luxembourg’s cross-border labour market, respondents expressed concerns about flexibility, poor social fit, and cultural differences in hiring foreign and cross-border employees. Overall, our study provides further points of reference for studies on hiring intentions in cross-border labour markets across Europe. [less ▲]

Einleitung

in Heinen, Andreas; Samuel, Robin; Vögele, Claus (Eds.) et al Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit im Jugendalter (2022)

Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit im Kindheits- und Jugendalter haben in den vergangenen Jahren in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung an Bedeutung gewonnen. Im Vordergrund steht dabei vor allem die ... [more ▼]

Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit im Kindheits- und Jugendalter haben in den vergangenen Jahren in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung an Bedeutung gewonnen. Im Vordergrund steht dabei vor allem die Erforschung der Bedingungsfaktoren für die Entwicklung eines „guten“ Wohlbefindens und einer „guten“ Gesundheit bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Die verschiedenen Fachdisziplinen beschäftigen sich mit Fragen zu Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit von Jugendlichen aus ihrer jeweiligen Perspektive. [less ▲]

Changing Routinized Household Energy Consumption Using the Example of Washing, Cooking, and Standby: A Randomized Controlled Field Experiment of Home Energy Advice

in Cleaner and Responsible Consumption (2022)

Despite advances in understanding routines, there is little knowledge about which aspects of routinized behavior people adjust during interventions. In this study, we applied an adjusted social practice ... [more ▼]

Despite advances in understanding routines, there is little knowledge about which aspects of routinized behavior people adjust during interventions. In this study, we applied an adjusted social practice theory framework to disentangle routinized energy consumption, focusing on energy services related to washing, standby, and cooking. We investigate the potential of home energy advice to change elements of routinized behaviors, namely meanings, knowledge, and technologies. Using a randomized controlled field trial on a probabilistic sample of households, we found short-term treatment effects related to increased usage of lids during cooking and improved knowledge of IT-related energy consumption, as well as negative effects regarding multi-sockets and washing frequency. Our findings suggest that meanings (e.g., preferences underlying routinized behaviors) are less subject to change, and that sociodemographic variables are associated with routinized behaviors in complex ways. Our disentangling of energy demand into elements of routines enables us to show how home energy advice may change behaviors and knowledge. This study highlights the benefits of a multifaceted perspective for understanding household energy consumption and can be used to inform intervention and policy design. [less ▲]