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 Preparing a cup of tea and writing a letter: Do script-based actions influence the representation of a real environment?; ; et al in Freksa, C.; Habel, C.; Wender, K.-F. (Eds.) Spatial Cognition II: An interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge (2000) Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of having people carry out a sequence of actions in an environment on the spatial representation of the environment. The actions were linked by a ... [more ▼] Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of having people carry out a sequence of actions in an environment on the spatial representation of the environment. The actions were linked by a common theme (e.g., writing a letter). In Experiment 1, the spatial memory test consisted of an implicit and an explicit distance estimation task. Participants who carried out a sequence of script-based actions inside a room showed poor spatial knowledge for this particular room (as compared to a control room or control participants) in disregarding actual distances in their estimations. This deficit could be due to a loss of or to a poorer encoding of spatial information. The results of Experiment 2, however, suggest that the effects observed in Experiment 1 seem to depend on the spatial task used. With a positioning task at testing, we could not find any evidence that could be attributed to an action-based change of a spatial mental representation. In sum, the general hypothesis of action-based influences on mental spatial representations was not corroborated by convincing data. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 185 (0 UL) Picture or word superiority effects in implicit memory: levels of processing, attention and retrieval constraints; Melzer, André  ; in Swiss Journal of Psychology = Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie = Revue suisse de psychologie (1998), 51(1), 33-46 Previous research with implicit memory tests has shown that the typical picture superiority effect with explicit memory instructions can he reversed on verbal perceptual tests (e.g., word-stem completion ... [more ▼] Previous research with implicit memory tests has shown that the typical picture superiority effect with explicit memory instructions can he reversed on verbal perceptual tests (e.g., word-stem completion task). Two experiments explored whether the picture superiority effect can be restored with a verbal conceptual test of implicit memory (i.e., category instance generation task). In the first experiment, participants received either a perceptual test or a conceptual test of implicit memory. Furthermore, in the study phase level of processing was varied. With a superficial orienting task, a word superiority effect was found on the perceptual test and a picture superiority effect was observed on the conceptual test. Only with a semantic orienting task, priming was found for pictures on the perceptual test and for words on the conceptual test. In the second experiment, this pattern of findings was replicated with a superficial orienting task in the study phase. Once again priming for pictures on the perceptual test and priming for words on the conceptual test was found to be at chance level. Dividing attention in the study phase did not influence these results. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 135 (0 UL)Implizites und explizites Gedächtnis beim Bearbeiten visueller Vorstellungen.; ; et al in Sprache und Kognition (1989), 8(2), 51-64 Detailed reference viewed: 141 (6 UL) |
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