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See detailABCA1 regulatory variants influence coronary artery disease independent of effects on plasma lipid levels
Zwarts, K. Y.; Clee, S. M.; Zwinderman, A. H. et al

in Clinical Genetics (2002), 61(2), 115-125

The authors have previously shown that individuals heterozygous for ABCA1 mutations have decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased triglycerides and an increased frequency of coronary ... [more ▼]

The authors have previously shown that individuals heterozygous for ABCA1 mutations have decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased triglycerides and an increased frequency of coronary artery disease (CAD), and that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of the ABCA1 gene significantly impact plasma lipid levels and the severity of CAD in the general population. They have now identified several SNPs in non-coding regions of ABCA1 which may be important for the appropriate regulation of ABCA1 expression (i.e. in the promoter, intron 1 and the 5′ untranslated region), and have examined the phenotypic effects of these SNPs in the REGRESS population. Out of 12 SNPs, four were associated with a clinical outcome. A threefold increase in coronary events with an increased family history of CAD was evident for the G-191C variant. Similarly, the C69T SNP was associated with a twofold increase in events. In contrast, the C-17G was associated with a decrease in coronary events and the InsG319 was associated with less atherosclerosis. For all these SNPs, the changes in atherosclerosis and CAD occurred without detectable changes in plasma lipid levels. These data suggest that common variation in non-coding regions of ABCA1 may significantly alter the severity of atherosclerosis, without necessarily influencing plasma lipid levels. [less ▲]

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See detailCommon genetic variation in ABCA1 is associated with altered lipoprotein levels and a modified risk for coronary artery disease
Clee, S. M.; Zwinderman, A. H.; Engert, J. C. et al

in Circulation (2001), 103(9), 1198-1205

BACKGROUND: Low plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We recently identified the ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) as the major ... [more ▼]

BACKGROUND: Low plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We recently identified the ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) as the major gene underlying the HDL deficiency associated with reduced cholesterol efflux. Mutations within the ABCA1 gene are associated with decreased HDL-C, increased triglycerides, and an increased risk of CAD. However, the extent to which common variation within this gene influences plasma lipid levels and CAD in the general population is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the phenotypic effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of ABCA1. The R219K variant has a carrier frequency of 46% in Europeans. Carriers have a reduced severity of CAD, decreased focal (minimum obstruction diameter 1.81+/-0.35 versus 1.73+/-0.35 mm in noncarriers, P:=0.001) and diffuse atherosclerosis (mean segment diameter 2.77+/-0.37 versus 2.70+/-0.37 mm, P:=0.005), and fewer coronary events (50% versus 59%, P:=0.02). Atherosclerosis progresses more slowly in carriers of R219K than in noncarriers. Carriers have decreased triglyceride levels (1.42+/-0.49 versus 1.84+/-0.77 mmol/L, P:=0.001) and a trend toward increased HDL-C (0.91+/-0.22 versus 0.88+/-0.20 mmol/L, P:=0.12). Other single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region had milder effects on plasma lipids and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that common variation in ABCA1 significantly influences plasma lipid levels and the severity of CAD. [less ▲]

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