Un nouvel outil d'évaluation de la créativité dans le milieu publicitaire

in Houssemand, Claude (Ed.) Recherches actuelles en psychologie différentielle (2021, April)

Normalization as a mediator of emotion during unemployment

in Anxiety, Stress and Coping (2021)

Meta-analyses indicated detrimental effects on some psychological dimensions from job loss and extended periods of unemployment. This study analyses three phenomena: causes attributed to unemployment ... [more ▼]

Meta-analyses indicated detrimental effects on some psychological dimensions from job loss and extended periods of unemployment. This study analyses three phenomena: causes attributed to unemployment; processes for coping with unemployment; and the emotional impact of joblessness. Using an SEM approach, a model is created in which unemployment normalization acts as a mediator between locus of control and emotions. Method: questionnaires from 260 unemployed people in Luxembourg provided data on perceived control, coping, and emotions. Participants who attribute their situation to bad luck, believe more strongly that unemployment is due to external factors beyond their control, and recognize unemployment as being a common occurrence in life. Such cognitive attribution of unemployment has effects on job seekers’ emotions. Those who perceive unemployment in a more positive light experience more positive emotions and fewer negative affects. Negative perceptions of unemployment have no effect on the generation of positive emotion, but have an influence on negative affects. Finally, the influence of perceived-control on emotion is not direct, but is mediated by processes of unemployment normalization. Understanding how unemployed people perceive and experience their situations could help them be more effective in their search for new employment [less ▲]

Recherches Actuelles en Psychologie Différentielle

Book published by UL (2021)

Par le passé les conduites humaines ont été étudiées selon une approche générale ou une approche différentielle donnant lieu à des courants séparés de la psychologie, les modèles comportementaux laissent ... [more ▼]

Par le passé les conduites humaines ont été étudiées selon une approche générale ou une approche différentielle donnant lieu à des courants séparés de la psychologie, les modèles comportementaux laissent, aujourd’hui, une place de plus en plus importante aux variations inter et intra-individuelles. La psychologie différentielle longtemps restreinte à l’étude de champs particuliers, comme celui des méthodes par exemple, bénéficie de ce nouveau paradigme et participe activement à cette évolution conceptuelle. En parallèle, ses thématiques de recherche se voient modifiées par la prise en compte des intérêts des autres disciplines avec lesquelles elle collabore. Dès lors, elle aborde, comme ses précurseurs l’avaient définie, des champs plus en lien avec les évolutions sociétales actuelles : éducation différenciée, formation tout-au-long de la vie, orientation, sélection des personnes ou ressources humaines. De plus, les avancées techniques et technologiques lui permettent de faire évoluer ses outils d’investigation et de diagnostic, sur lesquels elle s’est, depuis son origine, arcboutée et qui sont actuellement le testing assisté par ordinateur, le testing adaptatif, l’intelligence artificielle ou les interfaces homme-machine. Enfin, par la prise en compte des théories et des méthodes de sciences émergentes (sciences cognitives et neurosciences), elle se dote de nouveaux moyens d’analyse des différences individuelles. Ainsi une certaine mutation de la psychologie différentielle s’observe au travers de différents travaux récents initiés au sein de cette discipline et que le présent ouvrage Recherches actuelles en psychologie différentielle tente de mettre en lumière. En effet, ce recueil, composé des synthèses de certaines communications orales et affichées présentées lors des XXIIIème Journées de Psychologie Différentielle (Luxembourg, 2018) se veut, sans être exhaustif, le reflet de certaines voies nouvelles de ce domaine scientifique et souhaite ainsi donner une image nouvelle et actuelle de la psychologie différentielle, des réalisations et perspectives de recherche de cette discipline. [less ▲]

Investigating the student’s learning satisfaction, wellbeing, and mental health in the context of imposed remote teaching during the COVID-19 crisis

in Mein, Georg; Pause, Johannes (Eds.) Self and Society in the Corona Crisis (2021)

As a first response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, Luxembourg, as many other countries, chose a strategy of minimized physical and social contacts. The educational system implemented these measures by ... [more ▼]

As a first response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, Luxembourg, as many other countries, chose a strategy of minimized physical and social contacts. The educational system implemented these measures by introducing quick changes in their teaching modalities. At the onset of the lockdown in spring 2020, the University of Luxembourg, unlike other higher‐education institutions, has managed to rapidly transition to exclusive remote teaching for all offered study programs. There are good reasons to believe that the rapid change in teaching modalities in addition to the manifold challenges surrounding the Coronavirus pandemic have had an impact on the University students’ learning satisfaction, personal wellbeing, and mental health, and possibly even affected their educational outcomes. In this article, we present the results from a survey that we administered during the first weeks of the lockdown situation to assess the magnitude of COVID‐19’s impact on the academic domain. The central aim of the survey is to understand how students have been able to adapt to an abrupt change in teaching and learning modalities, and to which degree the exclusive e‐learning practice has affected their learning satisfaction and subsequent personal wellbeing. Besides investigating the impact of the student’s learning satisfaction on personal wellbeing and mental health, the present study explores the influence of pedagogical aspects, with a present focus on teaching creativity, on learning satisfaction within an e‐learning environment. [less ▲]

Understanding Unemployment Normalization: Individual Differences in an Alternative Experience With Unemployment

in Frontiers in Psychology (2020)

Unemployment is a major concern of societies and people around the world. In addressing this phenomenon, the literature has suggested a change in unemployed people’s perceptions of this transition period ... [more ▼]

Unemployment is a major concern of societies and people around the world. In addressing this phenomenon, the literature has suggested a change in unemployed people’s perceptions of this transition period. In this paper, we apply a differential approach to explore the concept of unemployment normalization, an individual emotional regulation process. The results show how the global socioeconomic context and some individual and psychological variables influence the normalization of unemployment. Thus, the age of the person but also work involvement, coping strategies, locus of control, and level of self-esteem have indirect differential effects, mediated by unemployment normalization dimensions, on unemployed people’s perceived health. Only neuroticism has a direct link to subjective well-being. These results offer a new understanding of the perception of unemployment and are also discussed in the area of career and vocational counseling. [less ▲]

Effects of meaning in life and of work on health in unemployment

in Health Psychology Open (2020)

In line with the meaning making theory, people experience a discrepancy when their appraised meaning of a situation is in conflict with their general meaning framework. We wanted to replicate this result ... [more ▼]

In line with the meaning making theory, people experience a discrepancy when their appraised meaning of a situation is in conflict with their general meaning framework. We wanted to replicate this result in the context of unemployment. Heren the meaning of work and meaning in life influenced the perception of unemployment and consequently had an impact on mental health. This study points to new ways of thinking about unemployment and career transitions. Whereas the COVID-19-induced economic crisis will see millions of people losing their jobs, these results could assist counselors in helping unemployed people better understand the experiences they are going through. [less ▲]

Postface - Innovations et interventions sociales

in Ben Mrad, Fathi; Distler, Frédéric; Méloni, Jean-Paul (Eds.) Innovations et interventions sociales: initiatives, adaptations et créations (2020)

Adaptation and Validation of the Perceived Control in Unemployment Scale

in Frontiers in Psychology (2019)

Perceived control plays an important role in the understanding of people's experiences with unemployment and reemployment. Yet, no scale has been designed specifically to measure people's perceived ... [more ▼]

Perceived control plays an important role in the understanding of people's experiences with unemployment and reemployment. Yet, no scale has been designed specifically to measure people's perceived control in an unemployment situation. In the current study, using two independent samples with 1,009 and 831 unemployed people in France and Luxembourg, respectively, we created and tested a three-dimensional Perceived Control in Unemployment Scale that was based on Levenson's (1973, 1981) theory. An exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) and a confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2) showed that the data were consistent with the theoretically postulated three-factor model. In addition, we established convergent and discriminant validity with several adaptive and non-adaptive dimensions in two independent samples of 141 unemployed people and 384 recently unemployed people in Luxembourg (Studies 3 and 4, respectively). Perceived control did not change over a period of 6 months of unemployment, yet the three types of perceived control measured at the beginning of unemployment predicted employment status 6 months later. Unemployed people with perceptions of internal control or control from powerful others found jobs more quickly, whereas the perception that chance was the controlling factor predicted longer unemployment. [less ▲]

Exploring Different Assessment Techniques of the Test for Creative Thinking – Drawing Production

in Collange, Julie; Loarer, Even; Lubart, Todd (Eds.) 1/118 La psychologie différentielle au 21 ème siècle : nouvelles modélisations et applications (2018)

An Alternative Relationship to Unemployment: Conceptualizing Unemployment Normalization

in Review of General Psychology (2018), 22(3), 355-366

Unemployment is widely described as a situation that engenders stress, malaise, and a loss of identity for those affected by it. Whereas the deleterious effects of unemployment are clear, people may also ... [more ▼]

Unemployment is widely described as a situation that engenders stress, malaise, and a loss of identity for those affected by it. Whereas the deleterious effects of unemployment are clear, people may also develop an alternative relationship to unemployment and hold other perceptions of this transition period. Some studies have indeed pointed toward a shift in the social work norm, whereas others have questioned the negative impact of unemployment on some individuals. Yet to date, few studies have directly focused on the process through which these other, less negative perceptions of unemployment may arise. The present article thus explores one possible experience that we have termed unemployment normalization. We conceptualize unemployment normalization as an emotional regulation process based on cognitive reappraisal. This article suggests some variables that may influence it and presents a roadmap for future research. [less ▲]