Ecological Advanced Driver Assistance System for Optimal Energy Management in Electric Vehicles

in IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine (2018)

Battery Electric Vehicles have a high potential in modern transportation, however, they are facing limited cruising range. The driving style, the road geometries including slopes, curves, the static and ... [more ▼]

Battery Electric Vehicles have a high potential in modern transportation, however, they are facing limited cruising range. The driving style, the road geometries including slopes, curves, the static and dynamic traffic conditions such as speed limits and preceding vehicles have their share of energy consumption in the host electric vehicle. Optimal energy management based on a semi-autonomous ecological advanced driver assistance system can improve the longitudinal velocity regulation in a safe and energy-efficient driving strategy. The main contribution of this paper is the design of a real-time risk-sensitive nonlinear model predictive controller to plan the online cost-effective cruising velocity in a stochastic traffic environment. The basic idea is to measure the relevant states of the electric vehicle at runtime, and account for the road slopes, the upcoming curves, and the speed limit zones, as well as uncertainty in the preceding vehicle behavior to determine the energy-efficient velocity profile. Closed-loop Entropic Value-at-Risk as a coherent risk measure is introduced to quantify the risk involved in the system constraints violation. The obtained simulation and field experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for a semi-autonomous electric vehicle in terms of safe and energy-efficient states regulation and constraints satisfaction. [less ▲]

Vulnerability Analysis of Cyber Physical Systems under False-Data injection and disturbance attacks

in Vulnerability Analysis of Cyber Physical Systems under False-Data injection and disturbance attacks (2018, September)

In the present paper, the problem of attacks on cyber-physical systems via networked control system (NCS) subject to unmeasured disturbances is considered. The geometric approach is used to evaluate the ... [more ▼]

In the present paper, the problem of attacks on cyber-physical systems via networked control system (NCS) subject to unmeasured disturbances is considered. The geometric approach is used to evaluate the security and vulnerability level of the controlled system. The presented work deals with the so-called false data injection attacks and shows how imperfectly known disturbances can be used to perform undetectable, or at least stealthy, attacks that can make the NCS vulnerable to attacks from malicious outsiders. A numerical example is given to illustrate the approach. [less ▲]

Cyber Security and Vulnerability Analysis of Networked Control System subject to False-Data injection

in Proceedings of the 2018 American Control Conference (2018, June 27)

In the present paper, the problem of networked control system (NCS) cyber security is considered. The geometric approach is used to evaluate the security and vulnerability level of the controlled system ... [more ▼]

In the present paper, the problem of networked control system (NCS) cyber security is considered. The geometric approach is used to evaluate the security and vulnerability level of the controlled system. The proposed results are about the so-called false data injection attacks and show how imperfectly known disturbances can be used to perform undetectable, or at least stealthy, attacks that can make the NCS vulnerable to attacks from malicious outsiders. A numerical example is given to illustrate the approach. [less ▲]

Attack-tolerant Control and Observer-based Trajectory Tracking for Cyber-Physical Systems

in European Journal of Control (2018)

In the present paper, a model-based fault/attack tolerant scheme is proposed to cope with cyber-threats on Cyber-Physicals Systems. A common scheme based on observers is designed and a state feedback ... [more ▼]

In the present paper, a model-based fault/attack tolerant scheme is proposed to cope with cyber-threats on Cyber-Physicals Systems. A common scheme based on observers is designed and a state feedback control based on an aperiodic event-triggered framework is given with control synthesis and condition on the switching time. Classical fault tolerant control with Bi-linear Matrix Inequality () approaches are used to achieve novel and better security strategy based on an event-triggered control implementation. The purpose of using the event-based implementation would be to reduce (limit) the total number of transmissions to only instances when the networked control system (NCS) needs attention. Simulation results on a real-time laboratory three tank system are given to show the attack-tolerant control ability despite data deception attacks on both actuators and sensors. A detection/isolation scheme based on residual observers bank is also proposed. [less ▲]

Deadzone-Quadratic Penalty Function for Predictive Extended Cruise Control with Experimental Validation

in ROBOT 2017: Third Iberian Robotics Conference, Sevilla, Spain 22-24 November 2017 (2017, November)

Battery Electric Vehicles have high potentials for the modern transportations, however, they are facing limited cruising range. To address this limitation, we present a semi-autonomous ecological driver ... [more ▼]

Battery Electric Vehicles have high potentials for the modern transportations, however, they are facing limited cruising range. To address this limitation, we present a semi-autonomous ecological driver assistance system to regulate the velocity with energy-efficient techniques. The main contribution of this paper is the design of a real-time nonlinear receding horizon optimal controller to plan the online cost-effective cruising velocity. Instead of conventional L2-norms, a deadzone-quadratic penalty function for the nonlinear model predictive controller is proposed. Obtained field experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for a semi-autonomous electric vehicle in terms of real-time energy-efficient velocity regulation and constraints satisfaction. [less ▲]

LMI-Based H_infty Nonlinear State Observer Design for Anaerobic Digestion Model

in IEEE Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, Valletta 3-6 July 2017 (2017, July)

This note deals with the design of an $H_{\infty}$ nonlinear state observer for the anaerobic digestion model. Positively, the designed observer is an unified one that can be used for different class of ... [more ▼]

This note deals with the design of an $H_{\infty}$ nonlinear state observer for the anaerobic digestion model. Positively, the designed observer is an unified one that can be used for different class of systems, mainly linear systems, Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) systems with known and bounded parameters, and nonlinear Lipschitz systems. Applying the Lyapunov theory and theH¥ criterion, Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) condition is synthesised and solved to obtain the designed observer gains. The novelty of our work consists in the relaxation of the synthesized LMI condition through the inclusion of additional decision variables. This was possible due to the use of a suitable reformulation of the Young’s inequality. Stability, effectiveness and potency of the theoretical results are confirmed by the simulation results. [less ▲]

Fast Stochastic Non-linear Model Predictive Control for Electric Vehicle Advanced Driver Assistance Systems

in 13th IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety, Vienna, Austria 27-28 June 2017 (2017, June 27)

Semi-autonomous driving assistance systems have a high potential to improve the safety and efficiency of the battery electric vehicles that are enduring limited cruising range. This paper presents an ... [more ▼]

Semi-autonomous driving assistance systems have a high potential to improve the safety and efficiency of the battery electric vehicles that are enduring limited cruising range. This paper presents an ecologically advanced driver assistance system to extend the functionality of the adaptive cruise control system. A real-time stochastic non-linear model predictive controller with probabilistic constraints is presented to compute on-line the safe and energy-efficient cruising velocity profile. The individual chance-constraint is reformulated into a convex second-order cone constraint which is robust for a general class of probability distributions. Finally, the performance of proposed approach in terms of states regulation, constraints fulfilment, and energy efficiency is evaluated on a battery electric vehicle. [less ▲]

A contribution to Cyber-Security of Networked Control Systems: an Event-based Control Approach

in Proceedings of 2017 3rd International Conference on Event-Based Control, Communication and Signal Processing (EBCCSP 2017) (2017, May)

In the present paper, a networked control system under both cyber and physical attacks is considered. An adapted formulation of the problem under physical attacks, data deception and false data injection ... [more ▼]

In the present paper, a networked control system under both cyber and physical attacks is considered. An adapted formulation of the problem under physical attacks, data deception and false data injection attacks, is used for controller synthesis. Based on the classical fault tolerant detection (FTD) tools, a residual generator for attack/fault detection based on observers is proposed. An event-triggered and Bilinear Matrix Inequality (BMI) implementation is proposed in order to achieve novel and better security strategy. The purpose in using this implementation would be to reduce (limit) the total number of transmissions to only instances when the networked control system (NCS) needs attention. It is important to note that the main contribution of this paper is to establish the adequate event-triggered and BMI-based methodology so that the particular structure of the mixed attacked/faulty structure can be re-formulated within the classical FTD paradigm. Experimental results are given to illustrate the developed approach efficiency on a pilot three-tank system. The plant model is presented and the proposed control design is applied to the system. [less ▲]

Chapter 4:A Survey on The Polytopic Takagi-Sugeno Approach: Application to the Inverted Pendulum

in The Inverted Pendulum: From Theory to New Innovations in Control and Robotics (2017)

This book chapter gives a general scope, states the main results obtained and methods used for the Polytopic Takagi-Sugeno approach with a detailed application to the inverted pendulum. Modeling, observer ... [more ▼]

This book chapter gives a general scope, states the main results obtained and methods used for the Polytopic Takagi-Sugeno approach with a detailed application to the inverted pendulum. Modeling, observer and controller design will be considered. [less ▲]

States and unknown input estimation via non-linear sliding mode high-gain observers for a glucose-insulin system

in IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2016 (2016, December 04)

A meal-estimation algorithm is developed based on an extended mathematical model of the glucose-insulin system. The proposed model describes the dynamics of glucose levels in blood and in subcutaneous ... [more ▼]

A meal-estimation algorithm is developed based on an extended mathematical model of the glucose-insulin system. The proposed model describes the dynamics of glucose levels in blood and in subcutaneous layer, as well as the meal intake which is considered an unknown input of the system. This model seeks to represent in a more realistic manner, the pancreas malfunction in patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Based on model, a non-linear high gain observer (NHGO) with a sliding mode is designed in order to estimate the unmeasured states and the external disturbances of the system. This scheme is useful to maintain frequent monitoring of glucose levels and any changes in its behaviour. The unknown input or disturbance is estimated through the sliding mode based only the estimation error. Data from a real patient is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed estimation scheme. [less ▲]