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See detailWie haben sich emotionale Anforderungen für Arbeitnehmer in Luxemburg über die Zeit entwickelt?
Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

E-print/Working paper (2020)

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird analysiert, wie sich emotionale Anforderungen für Arbeitnehmer in Luxemburg über die letzten Jahre entwickelt haben. Emotionale Anforderungen sind mit reduziertem Well ... [more ▼]

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird analysiert, wie sich emotionale Anforderungen für Arbeitnehmer in Luxemburg über die letzten Jahre entwickelt haben. Emotionale Anforderungen sind mit reduziertem Well-Being assoziiert. Dabei weisen Arbeitnehmer mit ausgeprägten emotionalen Anforderungen insbesondere ein höheres Burnoutlevel auf. Zwischen 2016 und 2020 kam es zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der emotionalen Anforderungen. Arbeitnehmerinnen weisen über die Zeit konstant höhere emotionale Anforderungen auf im Vergleich zu Arbeitnehmern. Insbesondere Arbeitnehmer in akademischen Berufen, Manager und Arbeitnehmer in Dienstleistungsberufen weisen über die Zeit konstant hohe emotionale Anforderungen auf. Bediener von Anlagen und Hilfsarbeitskräfte weisen dagegen einen Anstieg zwischen 2016 und 2020 auf. [less ▲]

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See detailEffects of Emotional Music on Facial Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Wagener, Gary; Berning, Madeleine; Pinto Coelho da Costa, Andreia UL et al

in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (2020)

Impaired facial emotion recognition in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is in contrast to their intact emotional music recognition. This study tested whether emotion congruent music enhances ... [more ▼]

Impaired facial emotion recognition in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is in contrast to their intact emotional music recognition. This study tested whether emotion congruent music enhances facial emotion recognition. Accuracy and reaction times were assessed for 19 children with ASD and 31 controls in a recognition task with angry, happy, or sad faces. Stimuli were shown with either emotionally congruent or incongruent music or no music. Although children with ASD had higher reaction times than controls, accuracy only differed when incongruent or no music was played, indicating that congruent emotional music can boost facial emotion recognition in children with ASD. Emotion congruent music may support emotion recognition in children with ASD, and thus may improve their social skills. [less ▲]

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See detailAge differences in physical activity with regard to motivational regulation types in youth sport
Hutmacher, Djenna UL; Eckelt, Melanie UL; Bund, Andreas UL et al

Poster (2020, October 21)

A decline in physical activity (PA) with increasing age has been reported consistently (e.g., Bassett et al., 2015). In this sense, physical education (PE) has become a key issue to intercept youth, in ... [more ▼]

A decline in physical activity (PA) with increasing age has been reported consistently (e.g., Bassett et al., 2015). In this sense, physical education (PE) has become a key issue to intercept youth, in order to promote PA at an early age. To reduce the research gap with regard to the underlying mechanisms of this decline, we investigated the role of age for motivational aspects of the self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) concerning scholars’ basic needs (competence, relatedness, autonomy; Vlachopoulos, Ntoumanis, & Smith, 2010), PE teacher need-support (Standage, Duda, & Ntoumanis, 2005), and different motivational regulation types during PE (Vlachopoulos, Katartzi, Kontou, Moustaka, & Goudas, 2011). As a transfer of motivational regulation types from PE towards a leisure-time context has been found (Hagger & Chatzisarantis, 2016), this study furthermore analyzed the role of age in an out-of-school PA environment (Markland & Tobin, 2004). In total, 1889 scholars (50.9% males; 10 to 23 years) from 14 different schools participated in the study. Consistent with previous findings, the self-reported PA decreased with age. Further regression analysis revealed that the feeling of being competent during PE decreased with age, while the feeling of being autonomous increased. No differences regarding age and need-support during PE were found. Regarding the motivational regulation types during PE, the internal motivation decreased with age, while the external motivation increased. Concerning the leisure-time context, all motivational regulation types towards PA decreased with age. SEM-Models confirmed the significant relationship between motivational regulation types from PE to a leisure-time context. Overall, results suggest that a decrease of PA with age might be related to a decrease of internal motivation forms as years go by. Implications for promoting beneficial motivational regulation types during PE related to the age of scholars will be displayed. [less ▲]

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See detailDoes Motivation in Physical Education Have an Impact on Out-of-School Physical Activity over Time? A Longitudinal Approach
Hutmacher, Djenna UL; Eckelt, Melanie UL; Bund, Andreas UL et al

in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2020), 17(19), 7258

Previous research based on the trans-contextual model proposes that autonomous motivation in physical education (PE) is transferable to an out-of-school leisure-time (LT) context. However, only cross ... [more ▼]

Previous research based on the trans-contextual model proposes that autonomous motivation in physical education (PE) is transferable to an out-of-school leisure-time (LT) context. However, only cross-sectional and unidirectional analyses have been conducted. The present study used a longitudinal design assessing N = 1681 students (M = 14.68 years) on two occasions, measuring the following constructs: perceived need for support in PE, motivational regulation during PE and LT, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, intention, and physical activity behavior. Findings based on mixed effect models revealed that autonomy, competence, and relatedness support of the PE teacher were positively related to autonomous motivation. Moreover, similar motivational regulation types were found to significantly cross-lag across contexts. Through longitudinal mediation analyses, further support for the impact of autonomous motivation on physical activity, mediated by intention, attitude, and perceived behavioral control, was found. Suggestions for educational stakeholders regarding how to promote students’ autonomous motivation are provided. [less ▲]

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See detailSporty summer and lazy winter? PA of youth from a seasonal perspective.
Eckelt, Melanie UL; Hutmacher, Djenna UL; Steffgen, Georges UL et al

in Dela, Flemming; Müller, Erich; Tsolakidis, Elias (Eds.) Book of Abstracts (2020, October)

Objectives: Many children in Europe are insufficiently active (1), which makes the promotion of children´s physical activity (PA) a critical health promotion target. However, there are some uncontrollable ... [more ▼]

Objectives: Many children in Europe are insufficiently active (1), which makes the promotion of children´s physical activity (PA) a critical health promotion target. However, there are some uncontrollable factors such as amount of daylight, weather conditions, temperatures and precipitation levels that might influence PA behavior (2). Conditions for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) seem to be optimal when the environmental temperature ranges between 20°C and 25°C (3). This study aims to examine if the season is related to the objectively measured PA of youth of Luxembourg. Methods: 150 youth (90 females and 60 males) aged from 10–17 (M = 12.37, SD = 2.14) years participated in this longitudinal study, which took place at two measurement periods, the first between October and December (winter) and the second between May and July (summer). PA behavior was objectively assessed by wearing an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X-BT) for seven consecutive days. Daily time spent in MVPA was calculated as an indicator of the youth’s PA behavior. Results: A repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant seasonal effect for MVPA per day (F(1, 1136.66) = 9.14, p < .05, partial η² = .06). More minutes of MVPA per day were accrued in summer (M = 53.24, SD = 21.40) than in winter (M = 49.04, SD = 20.88). Both in winter and in summer, MVPA per day differed significantly between females and males (winter: t(148) = 5.83, p < .001; summer: t(148) = 4.85, p < .001), whereby females (winter: M = 41.70, SD = 15.89; summer: M = 46.79, SD = 17.26) showed significantly fewer minutes in MVPA per day than males (winter: M = 60.05, SD = 22.67; summer: M = 62.91, SD = 23.43). However, there was no significant interaction between season and gender, F(1, 89.85) = .723, p = .397). Discussion: According to the results of this study, youth are less physically active in winter than in summer. Therefore, schools, sports clubs and communities should offer special PA programs for this season, which are independent from climatic conditions and equally suitable for females and males. Measuring PA throughout the year enables to monitor the activity behavior more accurate and may help in developing such programs. [less ▲]

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See detailThe Job demands-resources model: A validation with employees working in Luxembourg
Fernandez de Henestrosa, Martha UL; Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

Poster (2020, September 02)

Purpose: The present study aimed to validate the job demands-resources model (Bakker & Demerouti, 2017) among a representative sample of the worker population in Luxembourg. Moreover, our purpose was to ... [more ▼]

Purpose: The present study aimed to validate the job demands-resources model (Bakker & Demerouti, 2017) among a representative sample of the worker population in Luxembourg. Moreover, our purpose was to identify which specific job demands and resources contribute the most to burnout and work engagement, respectively. Design: Data were collected via computer assisted telephone and web interview in a large sample of 1689 employees working in Luxembourg (55.2% male, Mage = 44.1, SDage = 10.3). Most participants worked in academic professions (31.4%, n = 531), followed by technicians and associate professionals (24.0%, n = 406), clerical support workers (11.7%, n = 197) and others (32.86%, n = 555). We employed the Quality of Work Index – Luxembourg (QoWIL) to measure several areas of work, including work intensity, job design, physical and social conditions (Sischka & Steffgen, 2019). Additionally, different employment conditions were measured to get an indicator of the employment quality in Luxembourg. Findings: Results of latent moderated structural equation modelling (LMS) indicated a good fit of the model to the data, χ2(411) = 1738.017, RMSEA = .04 (95% CI = 0.04 - 0.05), CFI =.92, SRMR = .06. All job resources (i.e. social support, autonomy and job security) significantly predicted work engagement, whereas all demands (i.e. workplace mobbing, work-life inference, emotional demands) significantly predicted burnout. Particularly, social support was the most important resource (ß = .29, p < .001, R2 = 11.4%), followed by job security (ß = .17, p < .001, R2 = 3.9%) and autonomy (ß = .11, p < .001, R2 = 1.4%). Workplace mobbing explained the largest percentage of variance in burnout (ß =. 47, p < .001, R2 = 41.6%), followed by work home inference (ß = .30, p < .001, R2 = 13.0%) and emotional demands (ß = 15, p < .001, R2 = 2.2%). While burnout had a negative impact on job performance (ß = -18, p < .001), work engagement did not predict the latter (ß = .07, p > .05). Besides, only one out of nine hypothesized interaction effects had a significant effect on work engagement (i.e. social support x mobbing, ß = 0.15, p < .001) and on burnout (i.e. social support x emotional demands, ß = -0.08, p < .05). Conclusion: Whereas the present findings provided strong support for the motivational and health impairment processes proposed by the JDR model, we found limited support for the interaction hypotheses. The results outline the importance of social conditions in explaining employees’ health, illustrating important starting points for organizational interventions that aim to promote well-being. Contributions: While other studies have tested the propositions of the JDR model by focusing on different work sectors, the present study includes a more comprehensive range of occupations,classified according to the ISCO-08. Given its large data set, it provides enough statistical support to detect interaction effects and allows for the correction of measurement errors using LMS. Furthermore, it follows the parsimony principle by specifying the most important starting points for interventions across occupations. [less ▲]

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See detailWas frustriert Arbeitnehmer in Luxemburg an ihrem Arbeitsplatz?
Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

E-print/Working paper (2020)

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird analysiert, in welchem Umfang Arbeitnehmer in Luxemburg an ihrem Arbeitsplatz von der Frustration dreier psychologischer Grundbedürfnisse – der Autonomie, der Kompetenz ... [more ▼]

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird analysiert, in welchem Umfang Arbeitnehmer in Luxemburg an ihrem Arbeitsplatz von der Frustration dreier psychologischer Grundbedürfnisse – der Autonomie, der Kompetenz, und der Verbundenheit – betroffen sind. Hierbei zeigt sich durchgängig bei den Arbeitnehmern, dass die Frustration über fehlende Autonomie am Stärksten ausgeprägt ist. Spezifische Arbeitsbedingungen, wie z.B. fehlende Partizipation sowie geringes Well-Being sindzudem besonders hoch mit Frustration korreliert. Vergleiche zwischen unterschiedlichen Arbeitnehmergruppen zeigen auf, dass Frauen gegenüber Männern ein etwas höheres Ausmaß der Frustration von Verbundenheit und von Kompetenz erleben. Manager zeigen hingegen ein geringeres Ausmaß der Frustration von Verbundenheit im Vergleich zu Arbeitnehmern in anderen Berufen. Arbeitnehmer, die in NGOs arbeiten, weisen wiederum das geringste Ausmaß an Frustration über fehlende Autonomie auf. [less ▲]

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See detailPhysical Activity Behavior of Children and Adolescents in Luxembourg - An Accelerometer-based Study
Eckelt, Melanie UL; Hutmacher, Djenna UL; Steffgen, Georges UL et al

in Journal of Physical Activity Research (2020), 5(1), 23-28

Due to the continuous decrease of physical activity of children in industrialized countries physical activity behavior has become a key issue in health-related research. The purpose of this study was to ... [more ▼]

Due to the continuous decrease of physical activity of children in industrialized countries physical activity behavior has become a key issue in health-related research. The purpose of this study was to assess objectively the daily physical activity of Luxembourgish children and adolescents and its distribution into school and leisure time. The physical activity behavior of 242 students (108 male students, 134 female students) with an average age of 12.84 years (SD = 2.37) was objectively assessed by wearing an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X-BT) for seven consecutive days. The average daily time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity was 47.75 minutes (SD = 19.75). 62 students accumulated the recommended 60 minutes per day. 32% of students’ total moderate to vigorous physical activity occurred during school time and 63% during leisure time. During physical education, students were engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity on average for 20.02%, whereas 46.93% of the time was spent being sedentary. Significant gender differences were found for all variables in favor of male students. Equally, physical activity in all areas decreased significantly with age. The Luxembourgish children and adolescents are insufficient physically active and the moderate to vigorous physical activity levels are mainly accounted by leisure time. Therefore, it seems reasonable for schools to create an environment that supports the physical activity throughout the school day to increase the daily physical activity, with special attention to female and older students. [less ▲]

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See detailZur Bedeutsamkeit des Sportunterrichtes: Der Einfluss der Motivation im Sportunterricht auf den außerschulischen Kontext - ein longitudinaler Ansatz
Hutmacher, Djenna UL; Eckelt, Melanie UL; Bund, Andreas UL et al

Scientific Conference (2020, May 22)

Hintergrund: Hinsichtlich der kontinuierlichen Abnahme der körperlichen Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen, rückt die Stärkung der Motivation als Ansatz zur Sportaktivierung immer mehr in den Fokus ... [more ▼]

Hintergrund: Hinsichtlich der kontinuierlichen Abnahme der körperlichen Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen, rückt die Stärkung der Motivation als Ansatz zur Sportaktivierung immer mehr in den Fokus (Standage, Duda, & Ntoumanis, 2005). In ihrem trans-kontextuellen Modell postulieren Hagger und Chatzisarantis (2016) einen Zusammenhang zwischen intrinsischer Motivation im Sportunterricht und in der Freizeit. Dabei spielt die Unterstützung der Bedürfnisse durch die Sportlehrkraft eine wichtige Rolle, um die intrinsische Motivation der SchülerInnen im Sportunterricht und längerfristig in der Freizeit zu fördern, welche ein selbstbestimmtes körperliches Aktivitätsverhalten begünstigen soll. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden diese Annahmen in erweiterter Form im Längsschnitt geprüft. Methode: Es wurden N = 1681 SchülerInnen zwischen 10 und 23 Jahren (M = 14.7 Jahre; 50.7% weiblich) aus 14 luxemburgischen Schulen zu Beginn des Schuljahres (t1) und sechs Monate später am Ende des Schuljahres (t2) getestet. Neben der wahrgenommenen Bedürfnisunterstützung (Standage, Duda, & Ntoumanis, 2005) wurden die Motivationsregulation im Sportunterricht (PLOC-R; Vlachopoulos, Katartzi, Kontou, Moustaka, & Goudas, 2011) und in der Freizeit (BREQ-II; Markland & Tobin, 2004), sowie alle Konstrukte der Theorie des geplanten Handelns (Ajzen, 1991), und die körperliche Aktivität erhoben. Ergebnisse: Cross-Lagged-Panel Analysen zeigen, dass die intrinsische Motivation im Sportunterricht (t1) kontextübergreifend die intrinsische Motivation zur körperlichen Aktivität in der Freizeit (t2) vorhersagt (β = .12, p < .05). Selbiger Befund konnte auch für die Amotivation gefunden werden (β = .15, p < .05). Allerdings wurde kein kontextübergreifender Zusammenhang der extrinsischen Motivation gefunden (p > .05). Entgegen der postulierten Richtung des Modells, sagt eine höhere intrinsische Motivation der SchülerInnen (t1) eine höhere Wahrnehmung der Unterstützung der Grundbedürfnisse durch den Sportlehrer (t2) vorher (β = .10, p < .05). Die intrinsische Motivation in der Freizeit (t1) hängt zudem mit der Einstellung (β = .24, p < .05), subjektiven Norm (β = .11, p < .05), wahrgenommenen Verhaltenskontrolle (β = .12, p < .05), Intention (β = .16, p < .05) und der körperlichen Aktivität (β = .18, p < .05) zu t2 zusammen. Schlussfolgerung: Die Befunde bestätigen die Bedeutsamkeit des Sportunterrichts in dem Sinne, dass die intrinsische Motivation im Sportunterricht die Wahrnehmung der Bedürfnisunterstützung des Sportlehrers erhöht und kontextübergreifend mit der intrinsischen Motivation im Freizeitbereich zusammenhängt, welche wiederum ein selbstbestimmtes körperliches Aktivitätsverhalten in der Freizeit positiv bedingt. Eine Interventionsstudie im Sportunterricht bekräftigt diese Befunde in dem Sinne, dass die Autoren positivere Effekte fanden, wenn, zusätzlich zur alleinigen Autonomieunterstützung, internale Zielsetzungen in der Lehre eingesetzt wurden (Cheon, Reeve, & Song, 2019). [less ▲]

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See detailSoziale Isolation durch Covid 19
Steffgen, Georges UL

Article for general public (2020)

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See detailMitarbeiterorientiert führen – Wie ausgeprägt ist der transformationale Führungsstil in Luxemburg?
Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

E-print/Working paper (2020)

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird analysiert, in welchem Maße Vorgesetzte in Luxemburg einen transformationalen Führungsstil umsetzen. Vorgesetzte, die einen transformationalen Führungsstil ausüben, werden ... [more ▼]

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird analysiert, in welchem Maße Vorgesetzte in Luxemburg einen transformationalen Führungsstil umsetzen. Vorgesetzte, die einen transformationalen Führungsstil ausüben, werden von ihren Mitarbeitern als fairer und unterstützender wahrgenommen. Insgesamt geht dieser Führungsstil einher mit als vorteilhafter erlebten Arbeitsbedingungen sowie einem erhöhten Well-Being der Mitarbeiter. Arbeitnehmer berichten dabei im Vergleich zu Arbeitnehmerinnen tendenziell über das Erleben eines höheren Ausmaßes an transformationalem Führungsstil ihres Vorgesetzten. Differenziert nach Beruf berichten vor allem Manager über ein überdurchschnittliches Ausmaß an transformationaler Führung ihres Vorgesetzten. [less ▲]

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See detailSuicidality in adults with autism spectrum disorder: The role of depressive symptomatology, alexithymia, and antidepressants.
Pinto Costa, Andreia UL; Loor, Cathia; Steffgen, Georges UL

in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (2020)

People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an increased risk of suicidality. However, the risk factors remain under-investigated. This study explored factors that increase suicidality risk in ASD ... [more ▼]

People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an increased risk of suicidality. However, the risk factors remain under-investigated. This study explored factors that increase suicidality risk in ASD. Through an online survey, 150 adults with ASD were compared to 189 control adults. Autistic traits, depressive symptomatology, alexithymia, and antidepressant intake were assessed on their contribution predicting suicidality. Among people with ASD, 63% scored above the cutoff for high suicidality risk. Increased autistic traits, depressive symptomatology, and antidepressant intake significantly predicted suicidality. Furthermore, among those with high levels of autistic traits, the risk of suicidality was increased if they also had high levels of alexithymia. These results highlight the importance of considering depression, antidepressants, and alexithymia to prevent suicidality in ASD. [less ▲]

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See detailDepressionen am Arbeitsplatz in Luxemburg: ein Handlungsfeld
Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

E-print/Working paper (2020)

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird das aktuelle Depressionsrisiko am Arbeitsplatz in Luxemburg vorgestellt. Im Vergleich zu anderen europäischen Ländern weist Luxemburg einen relativ hohen Anteil an ... [more ▼]

Im Rahmen dieser Newsletter wird das aktuelle Depressionsrisiko am Arbeitsplatz in Luxemburg vorgestellt. Im Vergleich zu anderen europäischen Ländern weist Luxemburg einen relativ hohen Anteil an Arbeitnehmern mit Depressionsrisiko. Weibliche Arbeitnehmer sind im Vergleich zu männlichen geringfügig häufiger von einem Depressionsrisiko betroffen. Differenziert nach Beruf sind vor allem Hilfsarbeitskräfte, Manager sowie Arbeitnehmer in Dienstleistungsberufen besonders von einem Depressionsrisiko betroffen. Arbeitnehmer mit Depressionsrisiko berichten über nachteilige Arbeitsbedingungen und weisen auch eine geringere Arbeitsplatzzufriedenheit sowie weitere gesundheitliche Probleme auf. [less ▲]

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See detailThe paradoxical effect of social support on suicidial ideation in bullying involvement in different cultural contexts
Weitzel, Leslie UL; Albert, Isabelle UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

in Journal of child and adolescent behaviour (2020), 8(1), 1-11

This study examined the buffering effect of perceived social support on the association between bullying involvement and suicidal ideation. Cultural differences between Luxembourgish and Indian students ... [more ▼]

This study examined the buffering effect of perceived social support on the association between bullying involvement and suicidal ideation. Cultural differences between Luxembourgish and Indian students were explored as well. The Olweus Bullying Questionnaire, the Participant Role Behaviour Questionnaire, and the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale were used. Data of 483 high school students aged between 12 and 18 years were analysed using hierarchical regression. Significant cultural differences between Luxembourg and India in bullying involvement, perceived social support and suicidal ideation occurred. Importantly, it was found that perceived social support did not play a buffering role, but instead highly perceived social support from a close friend intensified the relationship between high cyber- and relational victimization and suicidal ideation. [less ▲]

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See detailThe WHO-5 Well-Being Index – Validation based on item response theory and the analysis of measurement invariance across 35 countries.
Sischka, Philipp UL; Pinto Coelho da Costa, Andreia UL; Steffgen, Georges UL et al

in Journal of Affective Disorders Reports (2020)

Background: The five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) is a frequently used brief standard measure in large-scale cross-cultural clinical studies. Despite its frequent use, some ... [more ▼]

Background: The five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) is a frequently used brief standard measure in large-scale cross-cultural clinical studies. Despite its frequent use, some psychometric questions remain that concern the choice of an adequate item response theory (IRT) model, the evaluation of reliability at important cutoffpoints, and most importantly the assessment of measurement invariance across countries. Methods: Data from the 6th European Working Condition survey (2015) were used that collected nationally representative samples of employed and self-employed individuals ( N = 43,469) via computer-aided personal interviews across 35 European countries. An in-depth IRT analysis was conducted for each country, testing different IRT assumptions (e.g., unidimensionality), comparing different IRT-models, and calculating reliabilities. Furthermore, measurement invariance analysis was conducted with the recently proposed alignment procedure. Results: The graded response model fitted the data best for all countries. Furthermore, IRT assumptions were mostly fulfilled. The WHO-5 showed overall and at critical points high reliability. Measurement invariance analysis revealed metric invariance but discarded scalar invariance across countries. Analysis of the test characteristic curves of the aligned graded response model indicated low levels of differential test functioning at medium levels of the WHO-5, but differential test functioning increased at more extreme levels. Limitations: The current study has no external criterion (e.g., structured clinical interviews) to assess sensitivity and specificity of the WHO-5 as a depression screening-tool. Conclusions: The WHO-5 is a psychometrically sound measure. However, large-scale cross-cultural studies should employ a latent variable modeling approach that accounts for non-invariant parameters across countries (e.g., alignment). [less ▲]

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See detailAfter the Move to a New Campus—Effects on Students’ Satisfaction with the Physical and Learning Environment
Pinto Coelho da Costa, Andreia UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

in Education Sciences (2020)

Few empirical studies in higher education consider the importance of the physical environment on students’ satisfaction with the learning environment. The present study first examined the effects of a ... [more ▼]

Few empirical studies in higher education consider the importance of the physical environment on students’ satisfaction with the learning environment. The present study first examined the effects of a move to a new campus on students’ satisfaction with the physical and learning environments. Then, it examined how students’ satisfaction with a physical environment affects students’ satisfaction with the learning environment. It was hypothesised that the move to a new and modern university campus with better study facilities would increase students’ satisfaction both with the physical and learning environment, and that these two would be linked. Results contained 771 students’ assessments of the Bachelor Evaluation Questionnaire, which included students’ satisfaction with five aspects of their learning environment as well as five items assessing satisfaction with the physical environment. Findings showed that students were overall more satisfied with the physical environment in the new campus than in the old campus. These differences were even greater when comparing only students in their last study year than students of all study years. Furthermore, results showed that students’ satisfaction with lecturers and teaching was predicted by increased satisfaction with classrooms. The implications of these findings for the need to design physical learning environments are discussed. [less ▲]

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See detailQuality of Work – Project. Forschungsbericht zur Erhebungswelle 2019
Sischka, Philipp UL; Steffgen, Georges UL

E-print/Working paper (2020)

Der „Quality of Work Index Luxembourg“ (QoW)-Survey, der von der Universität Luxemburg und der luxemburgischen Chambre des Salariés konzipiert wurde, wurde 2019 zum siebten Mal durchgeführt. Ziel des ... [more ▼]

Der „Quality of Work Index Luxembourg“ (QoW)-Survey, der von der Universität Luxemburg und der luxemburgischen Chambre des Salariés konzipiert wurde, wurde 2019 zum siebten Mal durchgeführt. Ziel des Surveys ist es, die erlebte Arbeitssituation und -qualität luxemburgischer Arbeitnehmer zu erfassen. Der vorliegende Bericht dokumentiert die psychometrische Testung der Güte des aktuellen Erhebungsinstruments. In einem ersten Schritt erfolgt eine Beschreibung der Befragungsumstände sowie eine demographische Beschreibung der Stichprobe. Da die Erhebung 2019 als Mixed-Mode-Design – telefonische als auch Online-Befragung – durchgeführt wurde, wird auch analysiert, ob Stichprobenunterschiede zwischen den beiden Erhebungsmodi auftreten. Außerdem wird geklärt, ob es hinsichtlich demographischer Eigenschaften der Befragten, hinsichtlich der QoW-Skalen oder hinsichtlich verschiedener Well-Being-Maße zu systematischen Ausfällen seit der letzten Welle gekommen ist. Dann erfolgt eine Prüfung der Items der QoW-, der Beschäftigungsqualität- und der Well-Being-Skalen (fehlende Werte, verteilungsbeschreibender Maßzahlen, Balkendiagramme). In einem nächsten Schritt werden die Skalen mittels verschiedener Reliabilitätsstatistiken (Cronbach’s Alpha, Korrelationsanalysen der Items) sowie Koeffizienten zur Beschreibung der Skalenverteilung überprüft. Außerdem werden die Zusammenhänge der Skalen mittels Korrelationsanalysen überprüft. Im Anschluss daran wird die unterstellte Faktorenstruktur mittels konfirmatorischer Faktoren-analysen getestet. Die QoW- und Beschäftigungsqualität-Skalen werden außerdem auf verschiedene Well-Being-Skalen regressiert, um deren Relevanz für den QoW-Index zu prüfen. Ebenso werden einige Längsschnitt-Regressionsanalysen durchgeführt, um zu überprüfen ob einige Arbeitsbedingungen längerfristige Effekte auf das Well-Being der Arbeitnehmer aufweisen. Die QoW-Befragung 2019 hat außerdem das Schwerpunktthema „Leadership-Stil und Basic Needs“ behandelt. Die Güte der Skalen zu diesem Thema wird ebenfalls geprüft. Im Anschluss werden dann Korrelationen mit den QoW-, Beschäftigungsqualität- und Well-Being-Skalen berechnet. Abschließend wird das gesamte Erhebungsinstrument zusammenfassend diskutiert und Empfehlungen bezüglich zukünftiger Befragungen gegeben. [less ▲]

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See detailThe Quality of Work Index and the Employment Quality Index: A multidimensional approach of job quality and its links to well-being at work
Steffgen, Georges UL; Sischka, Philipp UL; Fernandez de Henestrosa, Martha UL

in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2020)

(1) Background: Job quality is a multidimensional and elusive concept that is back in vogue among social scientists and policymaker. The current study proposes a new job quality approach that is compared ... [more ▼]

(1) Background: Job quality is a multidimensional and elusive concept that is back in vogue among social scientists and policymaker. The current study proposes a new job quality approach that is compared with the EuropeanWorking Conditions Survey framework and structured with the help of the Job Demands-Resources model. Two new measures of job quality, the Quality ofWork Index (QoW) and the Quality of Employment Index (QoE) are developed and validated in three different languages (German, French, Luxembourgish). The QoW is composed of 43 items, focusing on four areas of work—work intensity, job design, social conditions, and physical conditions (subdivided in eleven components)—which are particularly important for employees’ well-being. The QoE is composed of 13 items that cover training opportunities, career advancement, job security, employability, work life conflict, and income satisfaction. (2) Methods: Data were collected via computer-assisted telephone interviews in a representative sample of 1522 employees working in Luxembourg (aged 17–67 years; 57.2% male). (3) Results: Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the proposed factors structure and scalar measurement invariance for the three different language versions. Internal consistencies were satisfactory for all subscales (Cronbach’s Alpha between 0.70 and 0.87). Correlations and hierarchical regression analyses with different psychological health measures (i.e., burnout, general well-being, psychosomatic complaints, work satisfaction, vigor) and subjective work performance confirmed the construct validity of the new instruments. (4) Conclusions: The QoW and the QoE are globally and on the level of the sub-categories effective tools to measure job quality, which could be used to compare job quality between organizations and different countries. Furthermore, the current study confirms associations between the different components of the QoW and QoE and employees’ health. [less ▲]

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