Repeater for 5G Wireless: A Complementary Contender for Spectrum Sensing Intelligence

in Proceedings of International Conference on Communications 2015 (2015, June)

Exploring innovative cellular architectures to achieve enhanced system capacity and good coverage has become a critical issue towards realizing the fifth generation (5G) of wireless communications. In ... [more ▼]

Exploring innovative cellular architectures to achieve enhanced system capacity and good coverage has become a critical issue towards realizing the fifth generation (5G) of wireless communications. In this context, this paper proposes a novel concept of an intelligent Amplify and Forward (AF) 5G repeater for enabling the densification of future cellular networks. The proposed repeater features a Spectrum Sensing (SS) intelligence capability and utilizes such intelligence in a complementary fashion in comparison to its existing counterpart (e.g., Cognitive Radio) by detecting the active channels within the assigned spectrum. This intelligence allows the proposed repeater to carry out selective amplification of the active channels in contrast to the full amplification in conventional AF repeaters. Furthermore, the performance of a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) based two hop cellular network utilizing the proposed repeater is evaluated in terms of the system throughput. Simulation results demonstrate up to 13 % increase when compared with the conventional repeaters. Moreover, the effect of SS errors on the system capacity is analyzed. [less ▲]

Resource Allocation for Cognitive Satellite Uplink and Fixed-Service Terrestrial Coexistence in Ka-band

in Proceedings of CROWNCOM 2015 (2015, April)

Sensing-Throughput Tradeoff for Cognitive Radio Systems with Unknown Received Power

in Proceedings of CROWNCOM 2015 (2015, April)

Understanding the performance of the cognitive radio systems is of great interest. Different paradigms have been extensively analyzed in the literature to perform secondary access to the licensed spectrum ... [more ▼]

Understanding the performance of the cognitive radio systems is of great interest. Different paradigms have been extensively analyzed in the literature to perform secondary access to the licensed spectrum. Of these, Interweave System (IS) has been widely investigated for performance analysis. According to IS, sensing is employed at the Secondary Transmitter (ST) that protects the Primary Receiver (PR) from the interference induced. Thus, in order to control the interference at the PR, it is required to sustain a certain level of probability of detection. In this regard, ST requires the knowledge of the received power. However, in practice, this knowledge is not available at the ST. Thereby performing analysis considering the prior knowledge of the received power is too idealistic, thus, do not depict the actual performance of the IS. Motivated by this fact, an estimation model that includes received power estimation is proposed. Considering a sensing-throughput tradeoff, we apply this model to characterize the performance of the IS. Most importantly, the proposed model captures the estimation error to determine the distortion in the system performance. Based on analysis, it is illustrated that the ideal model overestimates the performance of the IS. Finally, it is shown that with an appropriate choice of the estimation time, the severity in distortion can be effectively regulated. [less ▲]

Spectrum Awareness and Exploitation for Cognitive Satellite Communications

in European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC), Paris, France, Jun 2015. (2015)

Cognitive interference alignment for spectral coexistence

in Cognitive Radio and Networking for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (2015)

Interference Alignment (IA) has been widely recognized as a promising interference mitigation technique since it can achieve the optimal degrees of freedom in certain interference limited channels. In the ... [more ▼]

Interference Alignment (IA) has been widely recognized as a promising interference mitigation technique since it can achieve the optimal degrees of freedom in certain interference limited channels. In the context of Cognitive Radio (CR) networks, this technique allows the coexistence of two heterogeneous wireless systems in an underlay cognitive mode. The main concept behind this technique is the alignment of the interference on a signal subspace in such a way that it can be filtered out at the non-intended receiver by sacrificing some signal dimensions. This chapter starts with an overview of IA principle, Degree of Freedom (DoF) concept, and the classification of existing IA techniques. Furthermore, this chapter includes a discussion about IA applications in CR networks.Moreover, a generic system model is presented for allowing the coexistence of two heterogeneous networks using IA approach while relevant precoding and filtering processes are described. In addition, two important practical applications of the IA technique are presented along with the numerical results for underlay spectral coexistence of (i) femtocell-macrocell systems, and (ii) monobeam-multibeam satellite systems. More specifically, an uplink IA scheme is investigated in order to mitigate the interference of femtocell. User Terminals (UTs) towards the macrocell Base Station (BS) in the spatial domain and the interference of multibeam satellite terminals towards themonobeam satellite in the frequency domain. [less ▲]

Sensing-Throughput Tradeoff for Interweave Cognitive Radio System: A Deployment-Centric Viewpoint

in Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on (2015), PP(99), 14

Secondary access to the licensed spectrum is viable only if the interference is avoided at the primary system. In this regard, different paradigms have been conceptualized in the existing literature ... [more ▼]

Secondary access to the licensed spectrum is viable only if the interference is avoided at the primary system. In this regard, different paradigms have been conceptualized in the existing literature. Among these, interweave systems (ISs) that employ spectrum sensing have been widely investigated. Baseline models investigated in the literature characterize the performance of the IS in terms of a sensing-throughput tradeoff, however, this characterization assumes perfect knowledge of the involved channels at the secondary transmitter, which is unavailable in practice. Motivated by this fact, we establish a novel approach that incorporates channel estimation in the system model, and consequently investigate the impact of imperfect channel knowledge on the performance of the IS. More particularly, the variation induced in the detection probability affects the detector’s performance at the secondary transmitter, which may result in severe interference at the primary receivers. In this view, we propose to employ average and outage constraints on the detection probability, in order to capture the performance of the IS. Our analysis reveals that with an appropriate choice of the estimation time determined by the proposed approach, the performance degradation of the IS can be effectively controlled, and subsequently the achievable secondary throughput can be significantly enhanced. [less ▲]

Interweave/Underlay Cognitive Radio Techniques and Applications in Satellite Communication Systems

Doctoral thesis (2014)

The demand for precious radio spectrum is continuously increasing while the available radio frequency resource has become scarce due to spectrum segmentation and the dedicated frequency allocation of ... [more ▼]

The demand for precious radio spectrum is continuously increasing while the available radio frequency resource has become scarce due to spectrum segmentation and the dedicated frequency allocation of standardized wireless systems. This scarcity has led to the concept of cognitive radio communication which comprises a variety of techniques capable of allowing the coexistence of licensed and unlicensed systems over the same spectrum. In this context, this thesis focuses on interweave and underlay cognitive radio paradigms which are widely considered as important enablers for realizing cognitive radio technology. In the interweave paradigm, an unlicensed user explores the spectral holes by means of some spectrum awareness methods and utilizes the available spectral availabilities opportunistically while in the underlay paradigm, an unlicensed user is allowed to coexist with the licensed user only if sufficient protection to the licensed user can be guaranteed. Starting with a detailed overview of the existing techniques, this thesis provides contributions in both theoretical and the practical aspects of these paradigms. This thesis is structured into two main parts as described below. One of the important capabilities required for a cognitive radio transceiver is to be able to acquire the knowledge of its surrounding radio environment in order to utilize the available spectral opportunities efficiently. The higher the level of information it can acquire, the better becomes the spectrum utilization. In this context, the first part of this thesis focuses on spectrum awareness techniques such as spectrum sensing, signal to noise ratio estimation and sparsity order estimation which are useful for realizing interweave and underlay based cognitive transceivers as well as a hybrid cognitive transceiver, which overcomes the drawbacks of both the above approaches. The effects of noise and channel correlations, which are often neglected in the existing literature, are considered in our analysis. In the above context, firstly, we propose new sensing thresholds for the eigenvalue based sensing approach using recent results from random matrix theory in order to achieve the improved sensing in correlated scenarios. Then we study the signal to noise ratio estimation problem for both narrowband and wideband transceivers with the help of a detailed theoretical analysis under the signal plus noise hypothesis for a range of correlated scenarios. Subsequently, we study the problem of compressive sparsity order estimation in order to estimate the sparsity order of the carrier occupancy over the wide spectrum using a compressive sensing approach. In addition, we carry out the performance analysis of a hybrid cognitive transceiver which combines the spectrum sensing approach with a power control-based underlay approach. The second part of this thesis introduces the concept of cognitive satellite communications which is a rather unexplored area in the literature despite its significant benefits to both satellite and terrestrial operators. This concept has been motivated due to the limited availability of the satellite spectrum as well as the continuously increasing demand of broadband multimedia, broadcast and interactive satellite services. Subsequently, we study the applications of various cognitive radio techniques in satellite communication systems focusing on the following two scenarios: (i) Hybrid cognitive satellite communication which deals with the spectral coexistence of satellite systems with the terrestrial systems, and (ii) Dual cognitive satellite communication which deals with the spectral coexistence of two satellite systems operating over the same coverage area. Understanding the characteristics of coexisting systems is of great importance while applying a suitable cognitive radio technique. In this context, this thesis exploits the specific characteristics of satellite systems in order to map a suitable cognitive radio technique to a specific scenario. For hybrid cognitive scenarios, we propose the following enabling techniques: (a) Interference modeling, (b) Harmful interference detection, (c) Cognitive beamforming including both transmit and receive beamforming, and (d) Dual-polarized spectrum sensing. Similarly, for dual cognitive scenarios, we propose the following techniques: (i) Cognitive interference alignment, (ii) Cognitive beamhopping, and (iii) Dual-polarized spectrum sensing. Finally, we provide interesting open research issues in the considered domain. [less ▲]

Cognitive Radio for Ka Band Satellite Communications

in 32nd AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference, August 2014 (2014, August)

The satellite communication data traffic is increasing dramatically over the coming years. High throughput multibeam satellite networks in Ka band are potentially able to accommodate the upcoming high ... [more ▼]

The satellite communication data traffic is increasing dramatically over the coming years. High throughput multibeam satellite networks in Ka band are potentially able to accommodate the upcoming high data rate demands. However, there is only 500 MHz of exclusive band for download and the same amount for upload. This spectrum shortage impose a barrier in order to satisfy the increasing demands. Cognitive satellite communication in Ka band is considered in this paper in order to potentially provide an additional 4.4 GHz bandwidth for downlink and uplink fixed-satellite-services. In this way, it is expected that the problem of spectrum scarcity for future generation of satellite networks is alleviated to a great extent. The underlying scenarios and enabling techniques are discussed in detail, and finally we investigate the implementation issues related to the considered techniques. [less ▲]

New Generation Cooperative and Cognitive Dual Satellite Systems: Performance Evaluation

in Proceedings of 32nd AIAA ICSSC (2014, August)

Investigating innovative satellite architectures with enhanced system through- put is one of the most important challenges towards realizing the next generation of satellite communication systems. In this ... [more ▼]

Investigating innovative satellite architectures with enhanced system through- put is one of the most important challenges towards realizing the next generation of satellite communication systems. In this context, we study two advanced architectures, namely cooperative and cognitive satellite systems. These designs allow the spectral coexistence of two multibeam satellites over a common coverage area with the overlapping beam patterns. In the cooperative dual satellite system, we consider coordination between two coexisting transmitters in order to reduce the intersatellite interference. This is achieved by employing adequate user scheduling, based on the channel state information of each user. To this end, a semi-orthogonal interference aware scheduling algorithm is applied. Further, in the cognitive dual satellite system, we employ a cognitive beamhopping technique assuming that the secondary gateway is aware of the primary's beamhopping pattern. Moreover, we compare the performances of these schemes with those of the conventional multi- beam and overlapping dual satellite systems in terms of spectral efficiency, power efficiency and user fairness. Finally, we provide several insights on the performance of these schemes and provide interesting future works in these domains. [less ▲]

A Hybrid Cognitive Transceiver Architecture: Sensing-Throughput Tradeoff

in Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks (2014, June)

Spectrum Sensing (SS) and underlay have been considered as two important techniques for enabling the spectral coexistence of the licensed and unlicensed wireless communication systems. The SS only ... [more ▼]

Spectrum Sensing (SS) and underlay have been considered as two important techniques for enabling the spectral coexistence of the licensed and unlicensed wireless communication systems. The SS only approach ignores the interference tolerance capability of the Primary Users (PUs) while assuming the bursty PU traffic whereas the possibility of having secondary transmission with full power is neglected in an underlay based approach. To address this, it’s crucial to investigate suitable hybrid spectrum awareness and transmission strategies which can overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and achieve higher secondary throughput while protecting the PUs. In this context, we propose a hybrid cognitive transceiver which combines the SS approach with the power control based underlay approach. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of the proposed hybrid approach considering both periodic sensing and simultaneous sensing/transmission schemes. Moreover, sensing-throughput tradeoff for the proposed hybrid approach is investigated and the performance is compared with the conventional SS only approaches in terms of the achievable throughput. It is shown that the proposed scheme can achieve a significant improvement in the secondary throughput over the conventional approaches while respecting the interference constraints of the PUs. [less ▲]