Browse ORBilu by Open Access
- What it is and what it isn't
- Green Road / Gold Road?
- Ready to Publish. Now What?
- How can I support the OA movement?
- Where can I learn more?
ORBilu is a project developed by
Showing results 21 to 27 of 27
   The complex exogenous RNA spectra in human plasma: an interface with human gut biota?; ; et al in PLoS ONE (2012), 7(12), Human plasma has long been a rich source for biomarker discovery. It has recently become clear that plasma RNA molecules, such as microRNA, in addition to proteins are common and can serve as biomarkers ... [more ▼] Human plasma has long been a rich source for biomarker discovery. It has recently become clear that plasma RNA molecules, such as microRNA, in addition to proteins are common and can serve as biomarkers. Surveying human plasma for microRNA biomarkers using next generation sequencing technology, we observed that a significant fraction of the circulating RNA appear to originate from exogenous species. With careful analysis of sequence error statistics and other controls, we demonstrated that there is a wide range of RNA from many different organisms, including bacteria and fungi as well as from other species. These RNAs may be associated with protein, lipid or other molecules protecting them from RNase activity in plasma. Some of these RNAs are detected in intracellular complexes and may be able to influence cellular activities under in vitro conditions. These findings raise the possibility that plasma RNAs of exogenous origin may serve as signaling molecules mediating for example the human-microbiome interaction and may affect and/or indicate the state of human health [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 185 (7 UL) Chromosomal haplotypes by genetic phasing of human families; ; et al in American Journal of Human Genetics (2011), 89(3), 382-397 Assignment of alleles to haplotypes for nearly all the variants on all chromosomes can be performed by genetic analysis of a nuclear family with three or more children. Whole-genome sequence data enable ... [more ▼] Assignment of alleles to haplotypes for nearly all the variants on all chromosomes can be performed by genetic analysis of a nuclear family with three or more children. Whole-genome sequence data enable deterministic phasing of nearly all sequenced alleles by permitting assignment of recombinations to precise chromosomal positions and specific meioses. We demonstrate this process of genetic phasing on two families each with four children. We generate haplotypes for all of the children and their parents; these haplotypes span all genotyped positions, including rare variants. Misassignments of phase between variants (switch errors) are nearly absent. Our algorithm can also produce multimegabase haplotypes for nuclear families with just two children and can handle families with missing individuals. We implement our algorithm in a suite of software scripts (Haploscribe). Haplotypes and family genome sequences will become increasingly important for personalized medicine and for fundamental biology. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 96 (2 UL)Candidate mutations for early-onset lung cancer by family genome sequencingSimeonidis, Vangelis  ; ; et alPoster (2011, July) Early-onset lung cancer has been studied as a rare, but distinct, sub-type of lung cancer. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked several genes with this form of malignancy. We sequenced the ... [more ▼] Early-onset lung cancer has been studied as a rare, but distinct, sub-type of lung cancer. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked several genes with this form of malignancy. We sequenced the genomes of a family quartet in which one of the offspring was diagnosed with early-onset lung cancer at about 48 years of age. The family has a history of heavy smoking and the father had in the past been diagnosed with head and neck cancer. The DNA source was blood, which leads us to concentrate our analysis on Mendelian inheritance models. To make the inheritance pattern explicit, we establish the parental origin of the offspring’s genomes through phasing of their chromosomes. This helps identify whether mutations in the proband came from the father or the mother. More than 18 million sequence variants were initially identified in the proband through comparison to the hg19 reference genome. We reduce this list to fewer than 200 potentially functional variants (e.g. single nucleotide variations and short indels) present in the genomes of the proband and at least one parent, by applying a series of filters. We refine the list of candidate mutations further by comparison to gene candidates from GWAS studies and genes that are mutated in lung cancer tissue as recorded by The Cancer Genome Atlas. The results of our analysis are discussed and conclusions about possible causative mutations for early-onset lung cancer are drawn. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 456 (1 UL)MicroRNA as biomarkers and regulators in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia; ; et al in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2011), 108(16), 6573-6578 Early cancer detection and disease stratification or classification are critical to successful treatment. Accessible, reliable, and informative cancer biomarkers can be medically valuable and can provide ... [more ▼] Early cancer detection and disease stratification or classification are critical to successful treatment. Accessible, reliable, and informative cancer biomarkers can be medically valuable and can provide some relevant insights into cancer biology. Recent studies have suggested improvements in detecting malignancies by the use of specific extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), an incurable hematologic disorder, sensitive, early, and noninvasive diagnosis and better disease classification would be very useful for more effective therapies. We show here that circulating miRNAs can be sensitive biomarkers for CLL, because certain extracellular miRNAs are present in CLL patient plasma at levels significantly different from healthy controls and from patients affected by other hematologic malignancies. The levels of several of these circulating miRNAs also displayed significant differences between zeta-associated protein 70 (ZAP-70)(+) and ZAP-70(-) CLL. We also determined that the level of circulating miR-20a correlates reliably with diagnosis-to-treatment time. Network analysis of our data, suggests a regulatory network associated with BCL2 and ZAP-70 expression in CLL. This hypothesis suggests the possibility of using the levels of specific miRNAs in plasma to detect CLL and to determine the ZAP-70 status. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 121 (3 UL)RELATION BETWEEN THE SET-COMPLEXITY OF A GRAPH AND ITS STRUCTUREIgnac, Tomasz ; Galas, David J. ; in Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Computational Systems Biology (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 41 (5 UL)Systems medicine and integrated care to combat chronic noncommunicable diseases; ; et al in Genome Medicine (2011), 3(7), 43-47 We propose an innovative, integrated, cost-effective health system to combat major non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular, chronic respiratory, metabolic, rheumatologic and neurologic ... [more ▼] We propose an innovative, integrated, cost-effective health system to combat major non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular, chronic respiratory, metabolic, rheumatologic and neurologic disorders and cancers, which together are the predominant health problem of the 21st century. This proposed holistic strategy involves comprehensive patient-centered integrated care and multi-scale, multi-modal and multi-level systems approaches to tackle NCDs as a common group of diseases. Rather than studying each disease individually, it will take into account their intertwined gene-environment, socio-economic interactions and co-morbidities that lead to individual-specific complex phenotypes. It will implement a road map for predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory (P4) medicine based on a robust and extensive knowledge management infrastructure that contains individual patient information. It will be supported by strategic partnerships involving all stakeholders, including general practitioners associated with patient-centered care. This systems medicine strategy, which will take a holistic approach to disease, is designed to allow the results to be used globally, taking into account the needs and specificities of local economies and health systems. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 136 (4 UL)Diseases as network perturbationsdel Sol Mesa, Antonio ; Balling, Rudi ; Hood, Leroy et alin Current Opinion in Biotechnology (2010), 21(4), 566-571 The tremendous amount of the data obtained from the study of complex biological systems changes our view on the pathogenesis of human diseases. Instead of looking at individual components of biological ... [more ▼] The tremendous amount of the data obtained from the study of complex biological systems changes our view on the pathogenesis of human diseases. Instead of looking at individual components of biological processes, we focus our attention more on the interaction and dynamics of biological systems. A network representation and analysis of the physiology and pathophysiology of biological systems is an effective way to study their complex behavior. Specific perturbations can trigger cascades of failures, which lead to the malfunctioning of cellular networks and as a result to the development of specific diseases. In this review we discuss recent developments in the field of disease network analysis and highlight some of the topics and views that we think are important for understanding network-based disease mechanisms. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 263 (20 UL)
|
||
