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See detailThe estrogen receptor-alpha agonist 16alpha-LE2 inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and improves hemodynamic function in estrogen-deficient spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Pelzer, Theo; Jazbutyte, Virginija; Hu, Kai et al

in Cardiovascular research (2005), 67(4), 604-12

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac mass increases with age and with declining estradiol serum levels in postmenopausal women. Although the non-selective estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta agonist 17beta-estradiol ... [more ▼]

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac mass increases with age and with declining estradiol serum levels in postmenopausal women. Although the non-selective estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta agonist 17beta-estradiol attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in animal models and in observational studies, it remains unknown whether activation of a specific estrogen receptor subtype (ERalpha or ERbeta) might give similar or divergent results. Therefore, we analyzed myocardial hypertrophy as well as cardiac function and gene expression in ovariectomized, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) treated with the subtype-selective ERalpha agonist 16alpha-LE2 or 17beta-estradiol. METHODS AND RESULTS: Long-term administration of 16alpha-LE2 or 17beta-estradiol did not affect elevated blood pressure, but both agonists efficiently attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and increased cardiac output, left ventricular stroke volume, papillary muscle strip contractility, and cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain expression. The observed effects of E2 and 16alpha-LE2 were abrogated by the ER antagonist ZM-182780. Improved left ventricular function upon 16alpha-LE2 treatment was also observed in cardiac MRI studies. In contrast to estradiol and 16alpha-LE2, tamoxifen inhibited cardiac hypertrophy but failed to increase alpha-myosin heavy chain expression and cardiac output. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that activation of ERalpha favorably affects cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial contractility, and gene expression in ovariectomized SHR. Further studies are required to determine whether activation ERbeta mediates redundant or divergent effects. [less ▲]

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See detailOestrogen action on the myocardium in vivo: specific and permissive for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition.
Pelzer, Theo; de Jager, Tertia; Muck, Jenny et al

in Journal of hypertension (2002), 20(5), 1001-6

OBJECTIVES: In contrast to the vasculature, it remains unclear whether oestrogens also directly affect the myocardium. In this study, we addressed basic questions regarding oestrogen effects on the ... [more ▼]

OBJECTIVES: In contrast to the vasculature, it remains unclear whether oestrogens also directly affect the myocardium. In this study, we addressed basic questions regarding oestrogen effects on the myocardium, including specificity, pathophysiological relevance and potential clinical implications, with a special focus on interactions between oestrogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in an established in-vivo model of cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS: Female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were ovarectomized (OVX) or sham-operated and treated with 17beta-oestradiol (2 microg/kg per day subcutaneously), the oestrogen receptor antagonist ZM-182780 (250 microg/kg per day subcutaneously) and the ACE-inhibitor moexipril (10 mg/kg per day orally) alone or in combination for 3 months. Hormone replacement restored physiological oestradiol serum levels and prevented uterus atrophy. Whereas moexipril alone was ineffective in OVX rats, substitution of oestradiol restored the beneficial effect of moexipril on systolic blood pressure (-30 +/- 5 mmHg) and relative heart weight (-11 +/- 3%) in OVX rats. Oestradiol upregulated alpha-myosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNA (+37 +/- 7%) and protein expression (+43 +/- 6%) in spite of increased blood pressure in OVX rats. Simultaneous treatment with oestradiol plus moexipril most effectively shifted the ratio of alpha-/beta-MHC mRNA and protein expression towards alpha-MHC in OVX animals. Oestradiol (10 nmol/l) also upregulated alpha-MHC mRNA and protein in cultured cardiac myocytes. The oestrogen receptor antagonist ZM-182780 significantly inhibited the observed oestrogen effects. CONCLUSIONS: Oestrogen replacement is permissive for the beneficial effects of ACE-inhibition in female SHR rats. Oestrogen effects on the myocardium in vivo are specific (i.e. oestrogen receptor mediated) because they are inhibited by a pure oestrogen receptor antagonist and occur at physiological hormone levels. [less ▲]

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