Results 61-80 of 144.     Reproducibility in density functional theory calculations of solidsLejaeghere, K.; Bihlmayer, G.; Tkatchenko, Alexandre et alin Science (2016), 351Detailed reference viewed: 392 (10 UL) Nature of Hydrogen Bonds and S···S Interactions in the l-Cystine CrystalFlores-Huerta, Anaid G.; Tkatchenko, Alexandre ; Galván, Marceloin The Journal of Physical Chemistry A (2016), 120(24), 4223-4230Detailed reference viewed: 138 (0 UL) Materials perspective on Casimir and van der Waals interactionsWoods, L. M.; Dalvit, D. A. R.; Tkatchenko, Alexandre et alin Reviews of Modern Physics (2016), 88Detailed reference viewed: 134 (1 UL) Identical Binding Energies and Work Functions for Distinct Adsorption Structures: Olympicenes on the Cu(111) SurfaceLiu, Wei; Schuler, Bruno; Xu, Yong et alin The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (2016), 7(6), 1022-1027Detailed reference viewed: 140 (1 UL) Thermal and electronic fluctuations of flexible adsorbed molecules: Azobenzene on Ag(111)Maurer, Reinhard J.; Liu, Wei; Poltavskyi, Igor et alin Physical Review Letters (2016), 116Detailed reference viewed: 137 (4 UL) Adsorption of isophorone and trimethyl-cyclohexanone on Pd(111): A combination of infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory studiesDostert, Karl-Heinz; O'Brien, Casey P.; Liu, Wei et alin Surface Science (2016), 650Detailed reference viewed: 92 (0 UL) Noncovalent Bonding Controls Selectivity in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Coupling Reactions on GoldKarakalos, Stavros; Xu, Yunfei; Cheenicode Kabeer, Fairoja et alin Journal of the American Chemical Society (2016), 138(46), 15243-15250Detailed reference viewed: 179 (0 UL) Report on the sixth blind test of organic crystal structure prediction methodsReilly, Anthony M.; Cooper, Richard I.; Adjiman, Claire S. et alin Acta Crystallographica Section B (2016), 72(4), 439--459The sixth blind test of organic crystal structure prediction (CSP) methods has been held, with five target systems: a small nearly rigid molecule, a polymorphic former drug candidate, a chloride salt ... [more ▼]The sixth blind test of organic crystal structure prediction (CSP) methods has been held, with five target systems: a small nearly rigid molecule, a polymorphic former drug candidate, a chloride salt hydrate, a co-crystal and a bulky flexible molecule. This blind test has seen substantial growth in the number of participants, with the broad range of prediction methods giving a unique insight into the state of the art in the field. Significant progress has been seen in treating flexible molecules, usage of hierarchical approaches to ranking structures, the application of density-functional approximations, and the establishment of new workflows and `best practices' for performing CSP calculations. All of the targets, apart from a single potentially disordered Z$^\prime$ = 2 polymorph of the drug candidate, were predicted by at least one submission. Despite many remaining challenges, it is clear that CSP methods are becoming more applicable to a wider range of real systems, including salts, hydrates and larger flexible molecules. The results also highlight the potential for CSP calculations to complement and augment experimental studies of organic solid forms. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 161 (4 UL) Current Understanding of Van der Waals Effects in Realistic MaterialsTkatchenko, Alexandre in ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2015), 25(13, SI), 2054-2061Van der Waals (vdW) interactions arise from correlated electronic fluctuations in matter and are therefore present in all materials. Our understanding of these relatively weak yet ubiquitous quantum ... [more ▼]Van der Waals (vdW) interactions arise from correlated electronic fluctuations in matter and are therefore present in all materials. Our understanding of these relatively weak yet ubiquitous quantum mechanical interactions has improved significantly during the past decade. This understanding has been largely driven by the development of efficient methods that now enable the modeling of vdW interactions in many realistic materials of interest for fundamental scientific questions and technological applications. In this work, the physics behind the currently available vdW methods are reviewed, and their applications to a wide variety of materials are highlighted, ranging from molecular assemblies to solids with and without defects, nanostructures of varying size and dimensionality, as well as interfaces between inorganic and organic materials. The origin of collective vdW interactions in materials is discussed using the concept of topological dipole waves. Focus is placed on the important observation that the full many-body treatment of vdW interactions becomes crucial in the investigation and characterization of materials with increasing complexity, especially when studying their response properties, including vibrational mechanical, and optical phenomena. Despite significant recent advances many challenges still remain in the development of accurate and efficient methods for treating vdW interactions that will be broadly applicable to the modeling of functional materials at all relevant length and timescales. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 151 (3 UL) Sliding Mechanisms in Multilayered Hexagonal Boron Nitride and Graphene: The Effects of Directionality, Thickness, and Sliding ConstraintsGao, Wang; Tkatchenko, Alexandre in PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2015), 114(9), The interlayer sliding potential of multilayered hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene is investigated using density-functional theory including many-body van der Waals (vdW) interactions. We find ... [more ▼]The interlayer sliding potential of multilayered hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene is investigated using density-functional theory including many-body van der Waals (vdW) interactions. We find that interlayer sliding constraints can be employed to tune the contribution of electrostatic interactions and dispersive forces to the sliding energy profile, ultimately leading to different sliding pathways in these two materials. In this context, vdW interactions are found to contribute more to the interlayer sliding potential of polar h-BN than they do in nonpolar graphene. In particular, the binding energy, the interlayer distance, and the friction force are found to depend sensitively on the number of layers. By comparing with the experimental findings, we identify sliding pathways which rationalize the observed reduced friction for thicker multilayers and provide quantitative explanation for the anisotropy of the friction force. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 139 (1 UL) van der Waals dispersion interactions in molecular materials: beyond pairwise additivityReilly, Anthony M.; Tkatchenko, Alexandre in Chemical Science (2015), 6(6), 3289-3301van der Waals (vdW) dispersion interactions are a key ingredient in the structure, stability, and response properties of many molecular materials and essential for us to be able to understand and design ... [more ▼]van der Waals (vdW) dispersion interactions are a key ingredient in the structure, stability, and response properties of many molecular materials and essential for us to be able to understand and design novel intricate molecular systems. Pairwise-additive models of vdW interactions are ubiquitous, but neglect their true quantum-mechanical many-body nature. In this perspective we focus on recent developments and applications of methods that can capture collective and many-body effects in vdW interactions. Highlighting a number of recent studies in this area, we demonstrate both the need for and usefulness of explicit many-body treatments for obtaining qualitative and quantitative accuracy for modelling molecular materials, with applications presented for small-molecule dimers, supramolecular host-guest complexes, and finally stability and polymorphism in molecular crystals. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 147 (8 UL) Many-body dispersion effects in the binding of adsorbates on metal surfacesMaurer, Reinhard J.; Ruiz, Victor G.; Tkatchenko, Alexandre in JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS (2015), 143(10), A correct description of electronic exchange and correlation effects for molecules in contact with extended (metal) surfaces is a challenging task for first-principles modeling. In this work, we ... [more ▼]A correct description of electronic exchange and correlation effects for molecules in contact with extended (metal) surfaces is a challenging task for first-principles modeling. In this work, we demonstrate the importance of collective van der Waals dispersion effects beyond the pairwise approximation for organic-inorganic systems on the example of atoms, molecules, and nanostructures adsorbed on metals. We use the recently developed many-body dispersion (MBD) approach in the context of density-functional theory [Tkatchenko et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 236402 (2012) and Ambrosetti et al., J. Chem. Phys. 140, 18A508 (2014)] and assess its ability to correctly describe the binding of adsorbates on metal surfaces. We briefly review the MBD method and highlight its similarities to quantum-chemical approaches to electron correlation in a quasiparticle picture. In particular, we study the binding properties of xenon, 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic acid, and a graphene sheet adsorbed on the Ag(111) surface. Accounting for MBD effects, we are able to describe changes in the anisotropic polarizability tensor, improve the description of adsorbate vibrations, and correctly capture the adsorbate-surface interaction screening. Comparison to other methods and experiment reveals that inclusion of MBD effects improves adsorption energies and geometries, by reducing the overbinding typically found in pairwise additive dispersion-correction approaches. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 114 (2 UL) Steps or Terraces? Dynamics of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Adsorbed at Vicinal Metal SurfacesCamarillo-Cisneros, Javier; Liu, Wei; Tkatchenko, Alexandre in Physical Review Letters (2015), 115(8), The study of how molecules adsorb, diffuse, interact, and desorb from imperfect surfaces is essential for a complete understanding of elementary surface processes under relevant pressure and temperature ... [more ▼]The study of how molecules adsorb, diffuse, interact, and desorb from imperfect surfaces is essential for a complete understanding of elementary surface processes under relevant pressure and temperature conditions. Here we use first-principles calculations to study the adsorption of benzene and naphthalene on a vicinal Cu(443) surface with the aim to gain insight into the behavior of aromatic hydrocarbons on realistic surfaces at a finite temperature. Upon strong adsorption at step edges at a low temperature, the molecules then migrate from the step to the (111) terraces, where they can freely diffuse parallel to the step edge. This migration happens at temperatures well below the onset of desorption, suggesting a more complex dynamical picture than previously proposed from temperature-programed desorption studies. The increase of the adsorption strength observed in experiments for Cu(443) when compared to Cu(111) is explained by a stronger long-range van der Waals attraction between the hydrocarbons and the step edges of the Cu(443) surface. Our calculations highlight the need for time-resolved experimental studies to fully understand the dynamics of molecular layers on surfaces. © 2015 American Physical Society. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 135 (2 UL) Electronic Properties of Molecules and Surfaces with a Self-Consistent Interatomic van der Waals Density FunctionalFerri, Nicola; DiStasio, Robert A. Jr; Ambrosetti, Alberto et alin PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2015), 114(17), How strong is the effect of van der Waals (vdW) interactions on the electronic properties of molecules and extended systems? To answer this question, we derived a fully self-consistent implementation of ... [more ▼]How strong is the effect of van der Waals (vdW) interactions on the electronic properties of molecules and extended systems? To answer this question, we derived a fully self-consistent implementation of the density-dependent interatomic vdW functional of Tkatchenko and Scheffler [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 073005 (2009)]. Not surprisingly, vdW self-consistency leads to tiny modifications of the structure stability, and electronic properties of molecular dimers and crystals. However, unexpectedly large effects were found in the binding energies distances, and electrostatic moments of highly polarizable alkali-metal dimers. Most importantly, vdW interactions induced complex and sizable electronic charge redistribution in the vicinity of metallic surfaces and at organic-metal interfaces. As a result, a substantial influence on the computed work functions was found, revealing a nontrivial connection between electrostatics and long-range electron correlation effects. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 161 (2 UL) Machine learning predictions of molecular properties: Accurate many-body potentials and nonlocality in chemical spaceHansen, K.; Biegler, F.; Ramakrishnan, R. et alin Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (2015), 6(12), 2326-2331Simultaneously accurate and efficient prediction of molecular properties throughout chemical compound space is a critical ingredient toward rational compound design in chemical and pharmaceutical ... [more ▼]Simultaneously accurate and efficient prediction of molecular properties throughout chemical compound space is a critical ingredient toward rational compound design in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Aiming toward this goal, we develop and apply a systematic hierarchy of efficient empirical methods to estimate atomization and total energies of molecules. These methods range from a simple sum over atoms, to addition of bond energies, to pairwise interatomic force fields, reaching to the more sophisticated machine learning approaches that are capable of describing collective interactions between many atoms or bonds. In the case of equilibrium molecular geometries, even simple pairwise force fields demonstrate prediction accuracy comparable to benchmark energies calculated using density functional theory with hybrid exchange-correlation functionals; however, accounting for the collective many-body interactions proves to be essential for approaching the "holy grail" of chemical accuracy of 1 kcal/mol for both equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium geometries. This remarkable accuracy is achieved by a vectorized representation of molecules (so-called Bag of Bonds model) that exhibits strong nonlocality in chemical space. In addition, the same representation allows us to predict accurate electronic properties of molecules, such as their polarizability and molecular frontier orbital energies. © 2015 American Chemical Society. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 199 (4 UL) Quantitative Prediction of Molecular Adsorption: Structure and Binding of Benzene on Coinage MetalsLiu, Wei; Maass, Friedrich; Willenbockel, Martin et alin PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2015), 115(3), Interfaces between organic molecules and solid surfaces play a prominent role in heterogeneous catalysis, molecular sensors and switches light-emitting diodes, and photovoltaics. The properties and the ... [more ▼]Interfaces between organic molecules and solid surfaces play a prominent role in heterogeneous catalysis, molecular sensors and switches light-emitting diodes, and photovoltaics. The properties and the ensuing function of such hybrid interfaces often depend exponentially on molecular adsorption heights and binding strengths, calling for well-established benchmarks of these two quantities. Here we present systematic measurements that enable us to quantify the interaction of benzene with the Ag(111) coinage metal substrate with unprecedented accuracy (0.02 angstrom in the vertical adsorption height and 0.05 eV in the binding strength) by means of normal-incidence x-ray standing waves and temperature-programed desorption techniques. Based on these accurate experimental benchmarks for a prototypical molecule-solid interface, we demonstrate that recently developed first-principles calculations that explicitly account for the nonlocality of electronic exchange and correlation effects are able to determine the structure and stability of benzene on the Ag(111) surface within experimental error bars. Remarkably, such precise experiments and calculations demonstrate that despite different electronic properties of copper, silver, and gold, the binding strength of benzene is equal on the (111) surface of these three coinage metals. Our results suggest the existence of universal binding energy trends for aromatic molecules on surfaces. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 136 (1 UL) Insight into the description of van der Waals forces for benzene adsorption on transition metal (111) surfacesTkatchenko, Alexandre ; Carrasco, Javier; Liu, Wei et alin Journal of Chemical Physics (2014), 140(8), Exploring the role of van der Waals (vdW) forces on the adsorption of molecules on extended metal surfaces has become possible in recent years thanks to exciting developments in density functional theory ... [more ▼]Exploring the role of van der Waals (vdW) forces on the adsorption of molecules on extended metal surfaces has become possible in recent years thanks to exciting developments in density functional theory (DFT). Among these newly developed vdW-inclusive methods, interatomic vdW approaches that account for the nonlocal screening within the bulk [V. G. Ruiz, W. Liu, E. Zojer, M. Scheffler, and A. Tkatchenko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 146103 (2012)] and improved nonlocal functionals [J. Klimes, D. R. Bowler, and A. Michaelides, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 22, 022201 (2010)] have emerged as promising candidates to account efficiently and accurately for the lack of long-range vdW forces in most popular DFT exchange-correlation functionals. Here we have used these two approaches to compute benzene adsorption on a range of close-packed (111) surfaces upon which it either physisorbs (Cu, Ag, and Au) or chemisorbs (Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt). We have thoroughly compared the performance between the two classes of vdW-inclusive methods and when available compared the results obtained with experimental data. By examining the computed adsorption energies, equilibrium distances, and binding curves we conclude that both methods allow for an accurate treatment of adsorption at equilibrium adsorbate-substrate distances. To this end, explicit inclusion of electrodynamic screening in the interatomic vdW scheme and optimized exchange functionals in the case of nonlocal vdW density functionals is mandatory. Nevertheless, some discrepancies are found between these two classes of methods at large adsorbate-substrate separations. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 113 (1 UL) Role of Dispersion Interactions in the Polymorphism and Entropic Stabilization of the Aspirin CrystalReilly, Anthony M.; Tkatchenko, Alexandre in PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2014), 113(5), Aspirin has been used and studied for over a century but has only recently been shown to have an additional polymorphic form, known as form II. Since the two observed solid forms of aspirin are degenerate ... [more ▼]Aspirin has been used and studied for over a century but has only recently been shown to have an additional polymorphic form, known as form II. Since the two observed solid forms of aspirin are degenerate in terms of lattice energy, kinetic effects have been suggested to determine the metastability of the less abundant form II. Here first-principles calculations provide an alternative explanation based on free-energy differences at room temperature. The explicit consideration of many-body van der Waals interactions in the free energy demonstrates that the stability of the most abundant form of aspirin is due to a subtle coupling between collective electronic fluctuations and quantized lattice vibrations. In addition, a systematic analysis of the elastic properties of the two forms of aspirin rules out mechanical instability of form II as making it metastable. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 115 (0 UL) Understanding Molecular Crystals with Dispersion-Inclusive Density Functional Theory: Pairwise Corrections and BeyondKronik, Leeor; Tkatchenko, Alexandre in ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2014), 47(11, SI), 3208-3216Molecular crystals are ubiquitous in many areas of science and engineering, including biology and medicine. Until recently, our ability to understand and predict their structure and properties using ... [more ▼]Molecular crystals are ubiquitous in many areas of science and engineering, including biology and medicine. Until recently, our ability to understand and predict their structure and properties using density functional theory was severely limited by the lack of approximate exchangecorrelation functionals able to achieve sufficient accuracy. Here we show that there are many cases where the simple, minimally empirical pairwise correction scheme of Tkatchenko and Scheffler provides a useful prediction of the structure and properties of molecular crystals. After a brief introduction of the approach, we demonstrate its strength through some examples taken from our recent work. First, we show the accuracy of the approach using benchmark data sets of molecular complexes. Then we show its efficacy for structural determination using the hemozoin crystal, a challenging system possessing a wide range of strong and weak binding scenarios. Next, we show that it is equally useful for response properties by considering the elastic constants exhibited by the supramolecular diphenylalanine peptide solid and the infrared signature of water libration movements in brushite. Throughout, we emphasize lessons learned not only for the methodology but also for the chemistry and physics of the crystals in question. We further show that in many other scenarios where the simple pairwise correction scheme is not sufficiently accurate, one can go beyond it by employing a computationally inexpensive many-body dispersive approach that results in useful, quantitative accuracy, even in the presence of significant screening and/or multibody contributions to the dispersive energy. We explain the principles of the many-body approach and demonstrate its accuracy for benchmark data sets of small and large molecular complexes and molecular solids. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 92 (0 UL) Modeling Adsorption and Reactions of Organic Molecules at Metal SurfacesLiu, Wei; Tkatchenko, Alexandre ; Scheffler, Matthiasin ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2014), 47(11, SI), 3369-3377CONSPECTUS: The understanding of adsorption and reactions of (large) organic molecules at metal surfaces plays an increasingly important role in modern surface science and technology. Such hybrid ... [more ▼]CONSPECTUS: The understanding of adsorption and reactions of (large) organic molecules at metal surfaces plays an increasingly important role in modern surface science and technology. Such hybrid inorganic/organic systems (HIOS) are relevant for many applications in catalysis, light emitting diodes, single-molecule junctions, molecular sensors and switches, and photovoltaics. Obviously, the predictive modeling and understanding of the structure and stability of such hybrid systems is an essential prerequisite for tuning their electronic properties and functions. At present, density-functional theory (DFT) is the most promising approach to study the structure, stability, and electronic properties of complex systems, because it can be applied to both molecules and solids comprising thousands of atoms. However state-of-the-art approximations to DFT do not provide a consistent and reliable description for HIOS, which is largely due to two issues: (i) the self-interaction of the electrons with themselves arising from the Hartree term of the total energy that is not fully compensated in approximate exchange-correlation functionals, and (ii) the lack of long-range part of the ubiquitous van der Waals (vdW) interactions. The self-interaction errors sometimes lead to incorrect description of charge transfer and electronic level alignment in HIOS, although for molecules adsorbed on metals these effects will often cancel out in total energy differences. Regarding vdW interactions, several promising vdW-inclusive DFT-based methods have been recently demonstrated to yield remarkable accuracy for intermolecular interactions in the gas phase. However, the majority of these approaches neglect the nonlocal collective electron response in the vdW energy tail, an effect that is particularly strong in condensed phases and at interfaces between different materials. Here we show that the recently developed DFT+vdW(surf) method that accurately accounts for the collective electronic response effects enables reliable modeling of structure and stability for a broad class of organic molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces. This method was demonstrated to achieve quantitative accuracy for aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and diindenoperylene), C-60, and sulfur/oxygen-containing molecules (thiophene, NTCDA, and PTCDA) on dose-packed and stepped metal surfaces, leading to an overall accuracy of 0.1 angstrom in adsorption heights and 0.1 eV in binding energies with respect to state-of-the-art experiments. An unexpected finding is that vdW interactions contribute more to the binding of strongly bound molecules on transition-metal surfaces than for molecules physisorbed on coinage metals. The accurate inclusion of vdW interactions also significantly improves tilting angles and adsorption heights for all the studied molecules, and can qualitatively change the potential-energy surface for adsorbed molecules with flexible functional groups. Activation barriers for molecular switches and reaction precursors are modified as well. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 104 (0 UL)